文言文的英译技巧--林语堂译《浮生六记》与马丁·路德翻译细则之碰撞

从分析林译《浮生六记》与马丁·路德的翻译细则的碰撞入手 ,指出了新世纪的中国译学应是求同性与存异性的统一 ,既要广泛地批判吸收世界各国的译学传统 ,同时又要积极保持并展示自己文化的独立性与深度     

论林纾短篇小说的艺术创新及其缺陷

林纾短篇小说的艺术创新,一定程度上打破了清末停滞凝固的小说艺术模式,为当时的文坛注入了一股新鲜的血液.他是近代较早有意识地借鉴西方小说艺术的作家,大大拓宽了爱情小说的艺术领域.其独具特色的"技击小说"为后世的武侠小说提供了可贵的艺术经验.他的小说尽管存在着一些缺陷,但部分作品堪称文言小说的精品.     

夕照:没落与辉煌——古典诗词在当代大学生中普及情况的调查

古典诗词宛如夕阳晚照,呈现出没落与辉煌的双重状态:大学生对古典诗词表现出趋向与背离的尴尬情状;作者群体大多呈现老年化、单极化趋势.对调查的结果予以分析,并据此对"五四"造成的古典与现代的断裂进行反省.     

席慕容作品中古典诗歌母题的表现

席慕容在她的作品尤其是早期作品中,不断地运用那些源自中华抒情文学的母题、古典的意象、包含着中华传统审美意蕴内容的文化符号。其中以闺思闺怨、相思鸟连理枝、思乡怀归三个母题表现得最为明显。这些母题体现了中国古典文学的价值追求和审美取向,这种现象也表明了席慕容的创作思维及她的创作实际上并没有突破或者超越古典诗歌的题材范围。文化传统在现代作家笔下的回响,是一种族群文化认同感,也表明了席慕容创作资源主要是来自中国古代文学。     

农业社会学:经典命题及其延续

作为一门新兴学科,农业社会学近年来在中国呈现出良好的发展势头。一门学科的发展,需要通过不断的知识积累和经验研究进行一砖一瓦的建设,其中理论建设尤其重要。同其他社会科学一样,经典文本在农业社会学的理论建设中具有核心位置。 本专题选取了三个(对)农业社会学中的经典命题:农业的生产时间与劳动时间、农业技术变迁中的占取主义与替代主义,以及技术采用中的“农业跑步机理论冶。按照时代背景、原典阐释、学术延续以及启发意义的思路撰写,尝试为农业社会学的入门者提供一种理论梳理的路径。     

略论《红楼梦》的戏曲文化内涵

<红楼梦>是中华民族的文化小说,勃兴于康乾时期的古典戏曲艺术是其丰富而深刻的文化内涵的一个组成部分.以<西厢记>、<牡丹亭>、<长生殿>、<桃花扇>为代表的古典戏剧对<红楼梦>的创作产生了巨大的影响.<红楼梦>对戏剧活动的细致描写,真实生动地反映了中国古典戏曲文化发展与传播的状况.     

抗击时流，守护经学——陈鼎忠的经学研究与《六艺后论》的经学思想

陈鼎忠是现代湖湘著名学者。他在疑古惑经思潮激荡的民国年间,坚持经学研究,甚至抗击时流,在《六艺后论》中批评疑古、惑经、非圣的思想主张,竭力维持经学的独立与尊严。尤其是在经学难以作为一门独立学科继续存在于现代文教体制的时代,他图谋构建"经之囊括万有"的学术文化新格局,想为经学在现代学术文化体系中谋取一席之位,乃至恢复经学统御众学的昔日荣光。陈鼎忠等现代学人在艰难时代守护经学的贡献,值得后人珍视。     

文白之辨——译经史上文质之争的实质

汉译佛经不但对佛教的传播起到重要作用,而且成为中国近代汉语发展的一股原动力。译经伊始,就出现了所谓文质问题。学界倾向性的看法一般认为译经中的文与质实际上是指意译与直译,即译经方法问题。译经史上的文质之争虽与意译、直译有一定关系,而其最关键者乃在于语言上的文与白,以文言翻译则显文,以白话翻译则为质。     

鲍德温•斯宾塞与后维多利亚时代的古典人类学

The post-Victorian anthropologist Baldwin Spencer was the first to investigate the central and northern aboriginal tribes of Australia. His ethnographic works in this area have greatly in-fluenced related disciplines and studies in fields such as kinship, totem worship, and primitive reli-gions. In the field of classics and anthropology, Spencer’s academic heritage has received wide-spread respect and recognition, and has made sub-sequent academic discussion possible. In order to present Spencer’s personal experiences and aca-demic ideas clearly and comprehensively, it is nec-essary to return to the post-Victorian context, and comb Spencer’ s life history and academic history. Taking important clues from various times an e-vents in his life, the paper introduces three peri-ods:Spencer’s early training in the discipline and his epistemic background, his medium-term eth-nographic investigations and works, and the later investigations of Tierra del Fuego. Textual study, based on Spencer’s life history and academic histo-ry, is very useful to understand his ethnographic investigations. Sir Walter Baldwin Spencer ( 1860 -1929 ) was born on 23 June, 1860 in Lancashire, Eng-land. Spencer was educated at Old Trafford School and at the Manchester School of Art. His interest in art and sketching was lifelong, and would reveal itself in his competence as a scientific draftsman and illustrator ( D. J. Mulvaney,1990 ) . Entering Owens College ( Victoria University of Manchester) in 1879, Spencer intended to study medicine. In-spired by Milnes Marshall, a disciple of Darwin disciple, he became a committed evolutionary biol-ogist, soon abandoning conventional religion. He entered the University of Oxford in 1881 to study
science under Professor H. N. Moseley, who com-bined an enthusiasm for evolutionary biology with ethnological interests. Spencer grasped Oxford ’ s diverse opportunities, which included lectures by Ruskin and E. B. Tylor. In 1887, Spencer ar-rived at Melbourne University . With his colleague Professor David Masson, Spencer helped to trans-form university standards and they co-operated as entrepreneurs of Australian science. Spencer was recruited as zoologist and photog-rapher in the 1894 Horn scientific exploration ex-pedition to central Australia. His anthropological interest was rekindled when he met F. J. Gillen, the Alice Springs postmaster, during the expedi-tion. In 1896 Spencer joined Gillen for the most intensive fieldwork then attempted in Australia. The Native Tribes of Central Australia ( 1899 ) , which resulted, was to influence contemporary theories on social evolution and interpretations of the origins of art and ceremonial practices. Spencer and Gillen drove a buggy from Oodnadatta to Borroloola in 1901-02 . Their research resulted in The Northern Tribes of Central Australia ( 1904 );Haddon had written that the names of Spencer and Gillen are familiar to every ethnologist in the world, and probably no books on ethnology have been so wide-ly noticed and criticized as have The Native Tribes of Central Australia and The Northern Tribes of Central Australia (A. C. Haddon ,1902). To assist the Government of the Common-wealth, Spencer was appointed Special Commis-sioner for Aboriginals in the Northern Territory, and also their Chief Protector. He also led three other scientists, including J. A. Gilruth, on the 1911 Preliminary Scientific Expedition. Native Tribes of the Northern Territory of Australia (1914)
described his ethnographic observations and the ex-tensive collections made on the expedition. At the government ’ s request, Spencer visited Alice Springs and Hermannsburg in 1923 . He published The Arunta: A Study of a Stone Age People ( 2 vols, 1927 ) to respond to the criticisms derived from Carl Stretlow and defend his work. A popular rewrite of previous books followed—Wanderings in Wild Australia ( 2 vols, 1928 )—this time under his sole authorship. Spencer retired as emeritus professor in 1919 . His nerves and his judgments were impaired from the strain of continuous overwork, the virtual disin-tegration of his marriage, and he was finally hospi-talized in 1921 . His health improved and within two years he resumed anthropological activities and rebuilt his art collection. He sailed to Tierra del Fuego together with Jean Hamilton to undertake anthropological studies early in 1929. Spencer, with an unrivalled record of anthropological field-work in Australia, undertook this journey to fill a gap in our knowledge, and compare very different and remote races of mankind (A. C. H. ,1931). However, his gallant attempt was prematurely frus-trated by his death from angina pectoris, at which point he had been only two months in the field. His notes were organized and published as Spencer’s Last Journey (1931). His achievements were recognized. Elected as a fellow of the Royal Society in 1900 , he was ap-pointed C. M. G. in 1904 and K. C. M. G. in 1916 . Manchester University conferred him with an honorary doctorate of science, while Melbourne a-warded him a doctorate of letters. Exeter College, Oxford, elected him to an honorary fellowship in 1907 , and stained glass in its hall commemorates his contribution. James Frazer’s letter to Spencer in 1899 was prophetic: books like mine, merely speculative, will be superseded sooner or later ( the sooner the better for the sake of truth) by bet-ter induction based on fuller knowledge;books like yours, containing records of observations, will nev-er be superseded ( John M. Cooper, 1932 ) . Therefore, the sense and value of reading and un-derstanding Spencer and his books today goes with-out saying.     

中国文艺思想的"梦思维"——古典文论阅读札记

梦,作为人类的一种特殊类精神现象,一直受到人们的重视,特别是弗洛伊德梦的解析理论出现后,"梦意识"在现代思想领域引起了巨大反响,推动了西方现代文艺美学的发生和发展.正是在这种背景下,唤醒了我们对于中国古代"梦思维"的兴趣和关注.所谓中国的"梦思维",既是对中国传统文献、特别是文论中一系列有关梦的认识与理论观念的辨析,也是打通中国文论与西方文论在有关梦意识方面隔膜的一种努力,试图在不同文化理论之间搭起一座桥梁.