Impact of Combat on the Mental Health and Well‐Being of Soldiers and Marines

This presentation introduces a summary of leading edge research and recommendations for a number of changes regarding mental health needs and services for Veterans. Those Veterans who experienced combat exposure and those who have perceived their leadership negatively have greater risks for developing subsequent PTSD. Research data provide support for the use of Battlemind Training as a useful approach to prevent mental health issues at all phases of the deployment cycle. The author also challenges the current use of DSM–IVTR diagnoses with combat Veterans.     

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (Conversion Disorder) from an Interactional Approach: A Composite Case Study

Functional neurological symptom disorder, alternatively termed conversion disorder (FNSD-CD) (Although the DSM-5 utilises the term 'conversion disorder', practitioners and consumers consider this to be an outdated, unsubstantiated and often stigmatising term. In accordance with this, the current terminology used in the field is 'functional neurological symptom disorder'), involves symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory functions without identifiable nervous system disease or pathology. It is considered a psychiatric disorder and is, thus, listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Ed.; DSM-5). As per the nosology of the DSM-5, the discrete behavioural or psychological syndrome or pattern observed in FNSD-CD is assumed to be a function of a problem of, or a disorder within, the individual. Accordingly, the psychiatric approach to FNSD-CD, as set out in the DSM-5, invokes an assumption common to the medical model which is that of lineal (i.e., straight-line) causality, namely, causal events are arranged in a lineal sequence. The interactional approach, however, which is a development of general system theory in the field of family therapy, offers an alternative approach to understanding psychiatric disorders. Specifically, this approach places the emphasis on the relationships between individuals and their reciprocal influences on – including their psychological and emotional wellbeing with – one another. It draws on the assumption of nonlineal (i.e., circular) causality, namely, causal events are arranged in a circular sequence. From an interactional approach, therefore, FNSD-CD is thought to be a function of a problem of, or a deficit within, the individuals’ relationship/s, rather than within an individual, per se. This article utilises a composite case study to investigate FNSD-CD from an interactional approach.     

Reframing Asperger syndrome: lessons from other challenges to the Diagnostic and statistical manual and ICIDH approaches

The medical approach to Asperger syndrome (AS) classifies it as a mental disorder. This paper critically examines the concept of mental illness as specified by the Diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM) in the light of published assessments and accounts of AS provided by a variety of sources. Taken together, these accounts provide further support for reframing AS as a socially constructed human difference rather than a pathology. The demedicalization of homosexuality is offered as one potential model for the nature of the reframing of AS.     

提高我国电力产业能效的系统规划方法研究

电力产业作为国民经济的基础产业和社会公用事业，其不仅生产能源同时也在耗费着大量一次能源。由于电力生产耗费一次能源的比重最高，提高电力能效自然成为节约能源的重要手段。本文从系统规划的角度出发，研究了提高电力能效的各种方法，包括电源结构优化、电力与经济协调规划、电源与电网协调规划、电价规划、电力节能规划等。     

Preliminary Validation of an Online DSM-Based Mental Health Referral Inventory

A brief online inventory was developed as a much needed corrective for the hundreds of unscientific tests that are used now by millions of people to self-diagnose mental health problems. The primary purpose of the new inventory is to refer people to mental health professionals for further evaluation when they are experiencing problems that might be diagnosable under DSM guidelines; it is not designed to diagnose, however. The inventory was found to be a valid and reliable measuring instrument based on analysis of data obtained from 3,403 subjects. The 54-item checklist looks for 18 common problems identified in the DSM-IV and takes from 5 to 10 min to complete. Test scores proved to be good predictors of a variety of self-reported criterion measures, including happiness, personal and professional success, history of hospitalization, history of therapy, current participation in therapy, employment, and level of education. Females were found to have slightly more mental health problems than males, but no differences in scores were found by race or ethnicity.     

Disordering Gender Identity

Abstract

The inclusion of Gender Identity Disorder and Transvestic Fetishism in a psychiatric diagnostic nosology is a complex topic that is best understood within the larger context of the history and politics of diagnostic classification systems. The diagnostic labeling of gender-variant individuals with a mental illness is a topic of growing controversy within the medical and psychotherapeutic professions and among many civil rights advocates. An overview of both sides of this controversy is outlined, highlighting questions about the potential damage caused by using psychiatric diagnoses to label sexual behaviors and gender expressions that differ from the norm, and the ethical dilemmas of needing a psychiatric diagnosis to provide legitimacy for transsexuals' right to attain necessary medical treatments. The author reviews the use of diagnostic systems as a tool of social control; the conflation of complex issues of gender identity, emotional distress, sexual desire, and social nonconformity; the reification of sexist ideologies in the DSM; the clinical and treatment implications of diagnosing gender for “gatekeepers”; and some recommendations for GID reform.     

基于DSM的复杂研发项目价值流优化

针对传统设计结构矩阵(DSM)优化研发项目的不足,本文采用基于价值要素的DSM价值流优化方法,提出了活动的"费用时间比"参数和返工因子DSM矩阵,以综合反映活动的费用、时间及返工风险等价值要素对复杂研发项目活动排序优化的影响。进一步,将活动的"费用时间比"参数和返工因子作为优化参数,构建了相应的DSM价值流优化目标函数。对某案例优化计算表明,与传统方法相比,采用本文提出的价值流优化方法能明显降低由于返工而引起的项目费用增加值。     

A Social Constructivist Perspective on the Potential Relevance of Selected DSM‐5 Disorders for South African Children and Youth

In South Africa, careless implementation of child psychiatry's biomedical model of ‘mental disorder’ could stigmatise children and youth who have been made vulnerable by the lingering effects of apartheid — poverty and malnutrition, violence and abuse, and the HIV/AIDS pandemic. A focus on DSM‐5 category changes — regarding post‐traumatic stress disorder and ADHD — demonstrates that these psychiatric labels are impracticable and irrelevant in a post‐colonial developing country, where mental health care is delivered in the context of scarce services and unequal access. A social constructivist perspective enables us to broaden policy decisions and suggest directions for research.     

基于DSM的应急任务流程模块化设计研究

应急任务的流程化管理是通过计算机网络平台实现对应急预案处置操作的必要环节,论文借助于流程模块化管理的思想,采用统一建模语言（UML）对应急任务之间的依赖关系进行描述,并映射到设计结构矩阵（DSM）中,运用四点刻度法对活动之间的流依赖,和资源依赖中的角色依赖、设备依赖和设施依赖的关系强度进行度量,提出了依赖量指标的计算方法,在此基础上,以降低模块间的耦合程度和提高模块内的依赖程度为目标,建立了应急任务活动的聚类优化模型,并设计了相应的遗传算法进行求解,通过案例计算分析,验证所提方法可以获得具有高内聚和松散连接的流程模块。这种方法可以大大减少组织管理的复杂程度,并为实现模块任务的快速重组和功能整合创造了条件。     

试论美国在WTO/DSM非违法之诉内解决人民币汇率争端的不可行

研究WTO/DSM非违法之诉的成立要件和非违法之诉的程序规则,分析WTO以往案例,阐述非违法之诉的本质和适用范围,美国若在WTO/DSM对人民币汇率争端提起违法之诉,是滥用WTO争端解决机制的表现是不可行的。