明清时期长江中下游地区的土地利用

我国明清时期长江中下游地区的土地利用状况是自汉、唐以来人地关系日益尖锐的结果。文章在分析了当时土地利用方式的基础上 ,进一步对形成土地集约化经营趋势日趋明显的原因进行了论述 ,并从明清时期的土地利用得出启示 :我国土地资源的开发利用必须走可持续发展之路     

上海辐射与苏南地区思想观念嬗变的动因分析

从上海辐射的角度考察苏南地区思想观念嬗变的主要原因 ,有经济基础、文化教育和科学知识三个方面。上海买办地位的转变 ,说明经济基础在观念变迁中的重要作用 ,由此导致上海和苏南地区人们的思想观念向重商重利转变。随着近代教育在上海成为时尚 ,苏南地区的近代教育也日渐兴起 ,新式学堂具有重视传播科学知识和培养创新精神、注重塑造民族精神、宣传男女平等等特征 ,有助于苏南地区思想观念的变革。上海开埠后 ,介绍西方科学知识的书籍首先从这一窗口流向内地 ,苏南地区作为桥头堡而得其先 ,在译介中发挥了重要作用。     

欧洲经货联盟运行以来的经济绩效分析

本文分析了欧洲经货联盟的政策框架,并总结出其特点。在此框架下,分析了自1999年欧元运行以来欧元区的总体经济运行状况。结论是:欧元区货币政策和财政政策协调框架是成功的,它保证了欧元区宏观经济的稳定,但没有将其转化为经济增长的动力,经济增长不容乐观;欧洲经货联盟加速了欧洲经济一体化,特别是金融一体化的进程。     

长江三峡人文地理研究的回顾与展望

以文献法为主要研究方法,利用网络资源检索出的相关专业论文,选取了其中的150多篇为研究基础,并参考了部分专著,在回顾以长江三峡为特定区域的人文地理研究的历史进程的基础上进行了综合评述。重点分析、总结了1990年代以来的主要研究特点,并在此基础上就长江三峡人文地理研究的未来趋向进行了展望。     

论华中抗日根据地基层政权的民主选举—以乡选为中心的考察

为从根本上改造基层政权,中国共产党领导下的华中抗日根据地广泛开展了一场轰轰烈烈的民主选举运动。根据地颁布了一系列法令、条例,使选举规范化;人民群众在实践中也充分发挥智慧创造了适合自己的选举方式。选举体现了广泛性、平等性、真实性的特点。这一运动使基层政权性质彻底改变,为争取抗战乃至整个新民主主义革命的胜利提供了重要保证。     

Testing symmetry under a skew Laplace model

We develop tests of hypothesis about symmetry based on samples from possibly asymmetric Laplace distributions and present exact and limiting distribution of the test statistics. We postulate that the test statistic derived under the Laplace model is a rational choice as a measure of skewness and can be used in testing symmetry for other, quite general classes of skew distributions. Our results are applied to foreign exchange rates for 15 currencies.     

Statistical Analyses and Modelling of the Mixing Process of Euro Coins in Germany and Europe

This paper reports on the mixing of Euro coins from different countries of origin in Europe, which started on 1 January 2002. There is an interesting conclusion: that the mobility of small and large denominations is different. The long‐term behaviour of the mixing process is studied using a simple deterministic model and data from Germany, France and the Netherlands. The analysis leads to predictions about the future progress of the mixing process.     

Assessing accuracy of a continuous screening test in the presence of verification bias

Summary.  In studies to assess the accuracy of a screening test, often definitive disease assessment is too invasive or expensive to be ascertained on all the study subjects. Although it may be more ethical or cost effective to ascertain the true disease status with a higher rate in study subjects where the screening test or additional information is suggestive of disease, estimates of accuracy can be biased in a study with such a design. This bias is known as verification bias. Verification bias correction methods that accommodate screening tests with binary or ordinal responses have been developed; however, no verification bias correction methods exist for tests with continuous results. We propose and compare imputation and reweighting bias-corrected estimators of true and false positive rates, receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for continuous tests. Distribution theory and simulation studies are used to compare the proposed estimators with respect to bias, relative efficiency and robustness to model misspecification. The bias correction estimators proposed are applied to data from a study of screening tests for neonatal hearing loss.     

论18世纪后期英国对中国西藏的渗透政策及其破产

在18世纪后期,英国受当时社会历史条件的限制,对我国西藏实行以建立直接交往关系为主的渗透政策。由于喜玛拉雅地区各国在历史上同我国西藏形成的密切关系及其在地缘政治上的屏障作用,英国在这一地区的扩张活动同它建立印藏直接交往的尝试一样,都是其对藏渗透政策的组成部分。英国在廓尔喀侵藏战争中的卑劣表演最终导致了其对藏渗透政策的彻底破产。     

陕西关中地区无公害农产品出口基地运行机制研究

在基地建设和运行中,基地能否最大限度的发挥功能,还取决于多种经济和非经济因素共同作用的运行机制。当前,运行环节的薄弱一直是制约我国农产品出口的瓶颈。该论文从基地建设的微观、中观、宏观三个层面的运行机制出发,阐述了陕西关中地区无公害农产品出口基地建设中,在运行机制方面存在的主要问题。并针对问题,分别从三个层面提出了相应的对策建议。重点分析研究了中观产业组织模式的几种形态,包括:“车间型”、“订单型”、“合作社型”、“协会型”、“飞地型”。