Optimized Sampling Strategies for Identifying Modes in Length-frequency Distributions

An approach to evaluate sampling strategies to detect modes in length-distributions is presented. Distributions based on various numbers of samples (S) and sample sizes (n) were simulated from the original cod and capelin data in Icelandic waters, incorporating within sample correlations. A peak was discerned if the difference between any simulated and original distribution did not exceed a pre-specified Δ, given a probability. This was achieved with numerous combinations of S and n, and the optimal choice will depend on the sampling costs. Variance-equivalence curves also illustrate the difference between demanding precision of mean lengths versus precision of length distributions.     

From Fisheries Decline to Tourism Destination: Mass Media,Tourism Mobility,and the Newfoundland Coastal Environment

Abstract

In this paper, we examine narratives of tourism mobility circulated through print news media coverage of Newfoundland published in Canada, the UK, and the USA between 1992 and 2010. Initially articles were situated within a larger narrative of fisheries collapse, rural decline, and out-migration. In recent years, however, the discourse shifted to emphasize how non-human nature, including whales, icebergs, and national parks, serves as a tourism attractor, yielding benefits for rural communities. We draw on Latour’s work on political ecology, as well as on Urry’s work on tourism, mobility, and climate change, to analyze the eco-political implications of media accounts of tourism and the Newfoundland coastal environment.     

Statistical learning procedures for monitoring regulatory compliance: an application to fisheries data

Summary.  As a special case of statistical learning, ensemble methods are well suited for the analysis of opportunistically collected data that involve many weak and sometimes specialized predictors, especially when subject-matter knowledge favours inductive approaches. We analyse data on the incidental mortality of dolphins in the purse-seine fishery for tuna in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The goal is to identify those rare purse-seine sets for which incidental mortality would be expected but none was reported. The ensemble method random forests is used to classify sets according to whether mortality was (response 1) or was not (response 0) reported. To identify questionable reporting practice, we construct 'residuals' as the difference between the categorical response (0,1) and the proportion of trees in the forest that classify a given set as having mortality. Two uses of these residuals to identify suspicious data are illustrated. This approach shows promise as a means of identifying suspect data gathered for environmental monitoring.     

Investigating Poverty through the Lens of Riches – Immigration and Segregation in Indian Capture Fisheries

This article argues that in the period since 1900 marine capture fisheries are more profitably characterised by a quest for wealth than by enduring poverty. Making use of country data from India, it maintains that the blue revolution that took place in the South not only retained a steadily growing fishing population, but also provided opportunities for large numbers of immigrants, mainly in the lower echelons of the industry. It subsequently investigates the variations between geographical regions and sub‐sectors, and explains them by reference to non‐governmental institutional control patterns.     

日本农业政策性银行绩效评价方法分析及经验借鉴

日本农业政策性银行成立时间较长,绩效评价体系相对完善,在注重经营效益的同时兼顾政策性目标实现情况,更加符合政策性银行实际。以日本农林渔业金融公库并入日本金融公库前一年,即2007年绩效评价分析为例,分析了其指标体系构成及各项指标考核意图等,对完善我国农业政策性银行绩效评价方法具有一定借鉴意义。     

Willingness for mobility amongst European fishermen

The global trend of fisheries overexploitation and collapse has resulted in the need to reduce fishing effort, and providing alternative employment for fishermen is a frequently mentioned policy option in order to achieve this goal. Reducing fishing effort is central to the European Commission Common Fisheries Policy and over the years, the Commission has developed a number of socio-economic measures to encourage labour mobility among fishermen, and as such mitigate the impact caused by the structural adjustment. Considering this aim, this paper seeks to identify European fishermen's willingness for occupational and geographical mobility and the characteristics that influence this willingness. A survey was conducted with the participants in the inshore commercial fisheries of the Highlands of Scotland (UK), the Algarve (Portugal) and the South Evoikos Gulf (Greece), and logit models fitted to identify the characteristics that influence willingness for labour mobility. The paper argues that there are differences in attitudes towards labour mobility among fishermen from the different countries and that personal preferences, demographic characteristics, job-related and financial reasons influence the willingness for both occupational and geographical mobility. The paper concludes by pointing out the importance of taking local conditions and the heterogeneity that characterizes fishermen's behaviour into account, in order to achieve successful policy measures aimed at providing alternative occupations for fishermen.     

“I’m not a greenie but…”: Environmentality,eco-populism and governance in New Zealand Experiences from the Southland whitebait fishery

The experiences of nascent local institutions in regional resource management issues in New Zealand can help to inform the important analytical projects of considering the impacts of neoliberalism on environmental management as well as the meanings of governance as the new order in rural and natural resource management. This study considers how devolved governance shapes individual subject positions relative to the environment in a neoliberal context, deploying Agrawal's optics of “environmentality” to analyze a case study of the political ecology of the whitebait fishery in Southland, New Zealand. This research demonstrates that the devolution of resource governance in New Zealand has cultivated empowered, ‘accidental environmentalists’ and related environmental subjectivities. The extent and quality of individual involvement in governance influences whitebaiters’ perceptions of environmental change and resource management priorities. At the same time, a strong ‘eco-populist’ conceptualization of resource management infuses the fishers’ environmental subjectivities and potentially constrains the depth and degree of fishers’ opposition to environmental degradation.     

渔业统计制度的国际比较及对我国的启示

随着全球经济一体化和信息技术的快速发展,我国的经济和贸易交往将进一步增强,社会经济现象将越来越复杂。因此,了解渔业统计制度并进行国际比较分析显得十分重要,它对国家制定渔业发展及经济管理政策有着重要意义。本文通过对各国渔业的统计制度和组织机构、统计法规和统计指标以及渔业统计管理和方法等方面的比较研究,为完善我国的渔业统计制度和运行机制提供借鉴。     

Maritime disputes and seafood regimes: a broader perspective on fishing and the Philippines–China relationship

ABSTRACT

In much discussion surrounding the relationship between maritime disputes and fisheries resources, emphasis is given to the role of fisheries resources as a driver of the dispute or how states use fishing to further their interests through territoriality. Yet a narrow focus on maritime disputes obscures the broader ways in which fishing contributes to interstate relationships. This paper uses a political ecology and food regimes approach to demonstrate how seafood flows between the Philippines and China represent power relations. China exports a significant volume of low-value small fish and molluscs from its distant water fishery. The Philippines exports low numbers of high-value reef fish. Current Chinese aquaculture investments are minimal. Poaching forms another component of this seafood regime, which is marked by environmental unsustainability and unequal relations between the Philippines and China. This analysis highlights the value of seeing fishing and fishery resources as constitutive of a broader politicized environment.