在应对入世后我国农业面临的挑战中分析测试技术和科学仪器担负的重任

本文概叙了入世后中国农业面临的农产品品质 安全性及价格的三重冲击和应采取的应对措施 着重分析了农产品安全问题和食品安全保障体系的构建 论述了分析测试技术和科学仪器的七项重任     

Involving constituents in agency priority setting: a case study

Many government agencies have "constituents" who believe the agencies should hear and consider their needs and desires in establishing program priorities. This article describes how one involves interested constituents (consumers, industry, medical professionals, and state organizations) in the agency's annual priority-setting process. This participation has produced a number of beneficial results-some expected and some unexpected.     

An Empirical Test of a Neo-Malthusian Theory of Fertility Change

Some neo-Malthusians regard fertility as being kept in check by scarcities and constraints and, conversely, as being raised by economic prosperity. Since out-migration to developed countries and the receipt of food aid from developed countries relax the constraints imposed by a country’s carrying capacity, both will have a positive effect on fertility rates in developing countries. Moreover, better economic prospects will also raise fertility, all other things equal. This article provides an empirical test of these hypotheses derived from a neo-Malthusian theory of fertility change. The results fail to confirm the theory and often contradict it.

地区收入、食品价格与恩格尔系数

本文以2016年我国31个省级地区截面数据为样本,构建扩展模型考察恩格尔系数与收入、食品价格之间的关系。研究发现,恩格尔系数与地区收入存在显著的负相关性,纳入食品价格后收入对恩格尔系数的影响变得更为显著,二者关系满足恩格尔定律。恩格尔系数和以地区食品价格平价代表的食品价格之间显著正相关,若再考虑其他因素,则食品价格对恩格尔系数的影响会稍有减弱。进一步将食品区分为生活必需型食品与非生活必需型食品,测算得到的基本恩格尔系数、高阶恩格尔系数与收入之间仍呈负相关关系,但与基本恩格尔系数相比,高阶恩格尔系数与收入之间的负相关性更弱。恩格尔系数受生活必需型食品价格的影响强于非生活必需型食品价格的影响,基本恩格尔系数主要受生活必需型食品价格的影响,而高阶恩格尔系数同时受到两类食品价格的影响。     

Tea Art as Everyday Practice: Gongfu Tea in Chaoshan,Guangdong, Today

In recent decades a style of preparing and drinking tea modelled largely on gongfu tea associated with the Chaoshan region of north-eastern Guangdong Province, China, has been taken up as a contemporary tea art in Taiwan, Hong Kong, the Chinese mainland and elsewhere. This paper draws on fieldwork conducted in Chaoshan to examine gongfu tea as contemporary practice in its home setting. Three aspects are considered: gongfu tea as an everyday practice, as a refined practice, and as commercialised leisure in tea-houses. I argue that, as an everyday practice in Chaoshan, gongfu tea primarily serves to nourish social connectedness with family, friends and associates. It is regarded as an integral part of day-to-day life rather than a tea art. However, some people separate it from the everyday world by cultivating discernment and knowledge with regard to selected aspects, such as high-quality teapots or appreciation of different teas.     

高职《食品分析》课程实践教学改革的探讨

《食品分析》实践教学是食品专业的一个重要的教学环节,为培养创新人才、提高学生的实验动手能力,我们在《食品分析》实验课教学中,通过从实验教学的课程体系、教学方法和手段、考核方式等方面进行了探讨,对课程实践教学改革做了一些有益的尝试和探索。     

印度农业贸易自由化改革 ———基于粮食安全的视角分析

本文回顾了印度独立后农业发展所经历的四个阶段,并对这期间农业政策取得的成就和存在的主要问题进行了总结。然后重点探讨了印度贸易自由化改革的经验及其对农业增长、贫困削减和粮食安全的影响。研究发现,农业贸易自由化改革促进了农业的发展,并使农业内部的生产结构向增加高附加值产品生产的方向转变。贫困人口和贫困发生率在不断下降。在粮食安全方面,人们的粮食物质上的可获性已经得到满足,但粮食经济上的可获性还没有得到完全满足。今后可以通过大力发展农村非农部门来增加就业和削减贫困,并最终实现粮食安全的目标。     

家庭农场内涵的演变与政策思考刘启明

在2013年中央一号文件中"家庭农场"被作为新型农业经营主体提出来,引起了社会广泛的关注。文献分析发现,对家庭农场的关注可以分为三个时期,在不同社会经济背景下,各有侧重,其内涵也逐渐得到了完善。当前,我国农业需要承担起粮食安全、食品安全以及就业这三个功能,为此,在构建新型农业经营体系的过程中需要把握好家庭农场与其他经营主体的关系与定位。在政策导向上,发育家庭农场的关键是如何保障家庭经营层次的公平,以及能否出现一个职业农民群体。     

风险社会下我国食品安全规制的困境与完善对策

在风险社会下,食品安全不仅关系着广大人民群众的身体健康和生命安全,还影响着经济发展与社会稳定。而我国目前,由于食品安全规制建设起步较晚,其在基础性法律规范制定、安全标准的科学性与体系化、行政管理体制等方面还存在诸多问题。因此,健全食品安全标准体系,建立高效的食品安全管理体制,引入食品安全风险分析制度,完善食品安全规制的法律体系,势必成为今后我国食品安全规制改革的重中之重。