再论《夏天》的艺术主题

《夏天》是哥特小说 ,其主题是惧怕异性。女主人公对养父罗约尔是恐惧其性威胁 ,对情人卢歇尔斯是害怕失去他或是被他遗弃。小说的价值之一就是伊迪斯·沃顿开创了哥特小说的新领域─—对异性的恐惧     

论盖斯凯尔女性哥特小说中的幽灵、暴君和母亲

英国维多利亚时代女作家伊丽莎白·盖斯凯尔以当时流行的哥特文体，创作了短篇小说《老保姆的故事》《克拉雷会苦行修女》和《灰发女郎》等作品，塑造了痛苦的幽灵、专制的暴君和焦虑的母亲几种不同的人物形象，表达了她对女性命运的关注与思考。从女性哥特研究视角解读这些人物形象，可以清楚地看到：这几部一直未引起评论家重视的小说在人物塑造上很大程度反映了盖斯凯尔对男权社会的批判和对女性主义的坚持。     

Sofiia Andrukhovych’s Felix Austria: the postcolonial neo-Gothic and Ukraine’s search for itself

ABSTRACT

Sofiia Andrukhovych’s 2014 novel Felix Austria (Feliks Avstriia) became Ukraine’s most critically acclaimed and commercially successful work of literature published in the immediate aftermath of the Euromaidan revolution of 2013–14. It combined an ambitious historical reconstruction of daily life in the year 1900 in a mid-size city in the Habsburg-ruled part of Ukraine and an engaging plot skilfully employing multiple devices associated with the Gothic tradition, especially in its latter-day and postmodernist reinterpretations. The novel’s success is especially telling in the context of the rising interest in the Gothic in Ukrainian culture. Told by an unreliable narrator, the novel prompts readers to interrogate their assumptions. In the context of Ukraine, it is particularly subversive in its engagement with the nostalgic myth of the Habsburg Empire as a multi-ethnic utopia of tolerance, and by implication it challenges all imperial myths. The novel’s emphasis on the quest for (self-)discovery strongly resonated with readers in the context of a socio-political crisis, which highlighted the relevance of the distinct postcolonial overtones in its message.     

哥特的"演绎"

起源于欧洲中世纪教堂建筑中的哥特艺术,是以建筑实体形式凝固下来的一种文化存在。由于不同时期社会思想的影响和建筑技术的推动,哥特艺术总以不同的姿态和气质出现在各类建筑中。逐渐地,人们对它的情感体验超脱了建筑特定空间。当充满黑暗、恐怖、神秘色彩的哥特小说问世后,哥特艺术开始在音乐、电影等大众流行文化中蔓延。它所包含的内容和意义也在与社会意识和风尚的结合中不断地拓展和延伸。     

Falling into the existential abyss: Ivan Franko’s realist prose in experiments with Gothic and crime fiction modes

This article examines three novels by Ukrainian realist Ivan Franko (1856–1916): Dlia domashn'oho ohnyshcha (For the Home Hearth, 1892), Osnovy suspil'nosti (Pillars of Society, 1894), and Perekhresni stezhky (Fateful Crossroads, 1900). Previous scholars saw elements of crime fiction in these works, but the actual relationship between the two genres of crime fiction and realism has not been fully developed. By studying the conventions of crime fiction, along with its antecedent, the Gothic, and their influence on Franko, the author shows the make-up of the early Ukrainian crime fiction genre and points to its importance in understanding Franko’s vacillation between realist and modernist tendencies. As she argues, the scales of his vacillation are tipped toward modernism in its decadent form, an existential void that characterized fin de siècle Europe. Hence, Franko’s “ideal” or programmatic realism (defined by Franko as a literary style with a didactic tendency aimed at educating society), which he introduced under the appealing cover of crime and Gothic motifs, ultimately failed him. The author proposes that it is the creative modes (Gothic and crime fiction) that Franko chose for voicing his ideas about social reforms that led him, unsuspectingly, away from his programmatic goal and toward the decadent aspects of modernism.     

压迫与保护、对立与依赖——评哥特小说中女性与父权制度的矛盾关系

女权与父权在近现代文学作品中并非始终势不两立。英国哥特小说对父权制度及其代表往往表现出既向往又恐惧的暖昧态度，两者关系中对立与依赖常兼而有之。这种矛盾态度实际上是十八九世纪中产阶级对于当时新兴的资本主义的一种批评，反映中产阶级对这种制度与生产方式复杂的认识与感受。     

受压迫者的回归——评阿特伍德作品中的女反派

通过对阿特伍德小说中的女反派的分析，阐述了阿特伍德小说对传统哥特式小说女反派塑造范式的颠覆和发展，使阿特伍德把笔下的人物从传统的柔弱变得坚强，从被恶魔化到回归到正常人。并表现出比男人更强的生命力和创造性，指出了小说世界里构建一种新的互补性的和建构型的男女关系的可能性。     

An evaluation of product commonality and group technology production methods in a pre-defined multiple-machine scenario

Group technology has been used successfully for a number of years as a setup reduction tool. It is especially valuable in low-volume high-mix manufacturing environments where products and machines may be partitioned into product families and machine cells. The partitioning of machines or processes into cells may be limited by practical constraints, and the partitioning of products is complicated as the number of products and processes increases. In this paper, the authors examine the behaviour of various grouping strategies lauded as being appropriate in situations where machine partitioning and product routeing are determined by technological constraints. Of specific experimental concern in this paper is the effect of the mean and variance of component part commonality between products on system performance under various grouping strategies in a multiple-machine environment.     

高校特色专业建设与创新人才培养探讨

特色专业建设已经成为许多高校获得竞争力的战略手段。在新形势下,船舶与海洋工程特色专业建设应贴近当前经济发展的最新要求,创新教育思想和理念,让特色体现在以创新为特色,从而培养出市场化、信息化和国际化发展趋势的创新型人才。