A sociolinguistic application of Bakhtin's authoritative and internally persuasive discourse

Through the use of two central Bakhtinian concepts, authoritative and internally persuasive discourse (word), this paper examines the tension between the ideology of linguistic hegemony as a source of power in the Greek public sphere and the condition of language shift faced by the Albanian‐speaking communities of modern Greece. I argue here that a cautious application of these two notions, which are relevant to linguistic ideology, can reveal crucial aspects of two processes: that of subordination to and that of questioning of the dominant linguistic ideology by local Albanian‐speaking communities. Thus, in language shift contexts, it is possible that no simple relations obtain that place social agents in unquestionable and easily predictable positions. Such an approach proves useful for the sociolinguistic study of threatened language communities.     

中西古代教育理念比较

本文选取对现代教育有直接影响的几个最重要文化区域，古希腊、古罗马、古犹太和古代中国，对比它们在的教育理念上的不同和由此而导致的教育结果。从教育的结果来看，斯巴达人重体能，雅典人重智力，罗马人重情商，犹太人重圣灵，中国人爱官位。     

试论希腊神话和中国神话的差异及其影响

本文通过对希腊神话和中国神话的详细对比分析,阐述了希腊神话和中国神话的差异及其实质,以及其对社会的重要影响.同时指出在现代社会中,我们应吸取西方文化中的精华部分,以促进文化和文明的进一步发展.尤其在外语教学中应加强文化教育,以促进跨文化交际.     

Phusis与Natura的词源考察与词义分析

希腊词phusis与拉丁词natura都是西方的"自然"概念,是罗马人将phusis翻译作natura。通过对二者进行词源考察和词义分析可知,它们都具有本源、存在和性质等基本含义;但是二者的词根之间和词缀之间的差异使得phusis的词义比natura更具能动性,并且phusis更倾向于意指"创造"等动作的目的,而natura更倾向于意指这些动作的结果。     

Public intellectuals,political satire and the birth of activist public relations: The case of Attic Comedy

The purpose of this article is to explore the origins of dissent public relations and to establish its emergence in the context of the ancient Greek comedy represented by Aristophanes. Indeed, Attic Comedy (also known as Old Comedy) was the first great example of today’s mass communication, in which political satire was used to dissent and protest against political and social circumstances in fifth-century BC Athens. This situation was conditioned by the Peloponnesian War and its political, economic and social consequences. From this perspective, this article also constitutes an investigation into the intellectual history of public relations, of which Aristophanes can be considered to be one of the first practitioners.     

略论古希腊戏剧的宗教性

古希腊戏剧起源于酒神狄奥尼索斯的庆祭仪式。在古希腊戏剧萌芽、产生、发展和成熟的过程中,始终受到古希腊社会、宗教环境的束缚,洋溢着浓厚的宗教色彩。从古希腊戏剧的题材、结构、情节乃至内容里,都可以找到宗教仪式的影子,所以古希腊的戏剧演出自始至终都不仅仅是一种纯娱乐的活动,而是城邦政治生活和宗教生活的一部分。     

修昔底德的正义论——对《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》的一种政治思想史读法

修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》可以当作政治思想史的文本来读.他在历史学叙事中隐蔽地、但是相当完美地表达了对古典政治正义的冷峻批评:古典政治正义的困难不仅仅因为它在实践上呈现为一个约定过程,更因为它需要以同等强制为前提;而这两个条件都很难得到充分保证.修昔底德之论显然被2000年后的霍布斯所承袭.     

论古希腊时期的戏拟创作

作为一种对源文本进行反讽和戏谑地模仿和改写的文学体裁和创作形式,戏拟在西方文学史上形成了一个从古希腊延续至今的创作传统。戏拟创作在古希腊时期就已经颇为繁盛,涌现出大量的优秀作品,其中主要包括三种类型或体裁:模仿史诗、萨提尔戏剧和旧喜剧。作为西方文学史上戏拟创作的初创期和第一个繁盛期,古希腊戏拟创作呈现出与其他时代明显不同的特点。戏拟是古希腊文学中重要的创作形式,它作为当时史诗、悲剧等崇高体裁创作的纠正、补充和制衡性力量,具有非常积极的文学和文化意义。     

Whitewashing the nation: racist jokes and the construction of the African ‘other’ in Greek popular cinema

This article explores representations of race in three Greek popular films of the 1970s and 1980s. The portrayal of African characters in these films is antagonistically positioned in relation to the dominant, ‘whitewashed’ Greek national narrative which relies on the nineteenth century idea that Greece is the progenitor of European civilization. Often masquerading itself as ‘just a joke’, the discourse of these films narrates the African Other as lacking in terms of culture, intelligence and beauty – the three central categories upon which the idea of the ‘white supremacy’, according to Cornell West, is historically constructed in modernity. Tightly woven with this idea (largely introduced in Greece by the leading European powers), these films enunciate explicitly colonial viewpoints in a country that was neither a colonial power nor at the geopolitical center of the European project. The article argues that the racialized representations of these films are an effect of appropriating the Eurocentric idea of historicism, where the ‘progress’ and ‘backwardness’ of groups and nations are measured according to how effectively they perform the values of modernity.