Controlling health care costs: An evaluation of strategies

There has been much discussion about the factors underlying inflation in the health care sector and the means to moderate increases in health expenditures. This paper identifies various costcontainment strategies and synthesizes research findings that may be helpful in evaluating their effectiveness. The review demonstrates the complexity of the issues and relationships that must be confronted and understood in cost containment. The delivery system is shown to be not well-suited to improving efficiency and restraining health care expenditure. Any single strategy, whether it involves restructuring the market or more direct regulation, cannot in itself accomplish the combination of expenditure control and adequacy of services that is socially desirable. A number of mutually reinforcing strategies are required. Finally, more empirical and analytical information on incentives, provider and regulatory decisionmaking, costs of regulation, and the dynamics of negotiation, is essential for the design of an effective costcontainment program.     

学习贯彻"三个代表"重要思想推进云南交通新的跨越式发展

推进云南全面小康社会建设,必须加快交通建设步伐。云南交通建设的重点是公路建设,全面提高全省公路的质量和等级。要适应新的形势和要求,推进公路建设的市场化、集约化、生态化、社会化进程。     

高速公路环境景观保护与设计探讨——以黄塔桃高速公路为例

高速公路的环境景观保护与设计直接影响着高速公路的可持续发展。文章以交通部典型示范工程———黄塔桃高速公路为主要案例,针对我国高速公路发展现状,总结、归纳了高速公路的环境景观设计特征,分析了当前在保护与设计中存在的问题,对我国高速公路环境景观保护与设计进行了探讨,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

Impact Factors and Risk Analysis of Tropical Cyclones on a Highway Network

Coastal areas typically have high social and economic development and are likely to suffer huge losses due to tropical cyclones. These cyclones have a great impact on the transportation network, but there have been a limited number of studies about tropical‐cyclone‐induced transportation network functional damages, especially in Asia. This study develops an innovative measurement and analytical tool for highway network functional damage and risk in the context of a tropical cyclone, with which we explored the critical spatial characteristics of tropical cyclones with regard to functional damage to a highway network by developing linear regression models to quantify their relationship. Furthermore, we assessed the network's functional risk and calculated the return periods under different damage levels. In our analyses, we consider the real‐world highway network of Hainan province, China. Our results illustrate that the most important spatial characteristics were location (in particular, the midlands), travel distance, landfalling status, and origin coordinates. However, the trajectory direction did not obviously affect the results. Our analyses indicate that the highway network of Hainan province may suffer from a 90% functional damage scenario every 4.28 years. These results have critical policy implications for the transport sector in reference to emergency planning and disaster reduction.     

润扬大桥建设与镇扬旅游业协同发展

润扬大桥建成后 ,镇扬两个旅游城市将连为一体。镇江的自然旅游资源最具优势 ,江、山、林、泉、洞为特色 ;扬州的人文旅游资源最为丰厚 ,古、文、水、绿、秀为特色。两市的旅游业应资源共享、优势互补、协同发展。本文着重对镇扬联手开发古运河旅游风光带 ,提出了具体的规划和设想     

论授权立法中的行政立法不作为及其控制——以《公路法》第36条为切入点的初步考察

法律的授权条款既赋予被授权机关权力,同时也课予其行政立法的义务;被授权机关在是否进行授权立法方面没有裁量权,只是在何时立法方面有一定的裁量余地。当裁量权收缩乃至于没有裁量情形出现时,被授权机关怠于立法的行为即会构成行政立法不作为。授权机关应加强对自身授权行为的控制,同时应加强对被授权机关的监督,必要时可以收回授权以解决行政立法不作为问题。     

《物权法》视角下的公路保护制度

为有效保护公路产权,逐步完善公路保护法律制度,从《物权法》视角探讨《公路保护条例》的构建法理。分析认为,汲取物权法定原则和国有不动产物具体保护等立法思路,应规范和界定公路的时空权,科学地审视和拓展公路保护的立法视域,探析公路保护的法治规律,以构建和谐有序的公路保护法律制度。     

1936～1937年京滇公路周览各省参考书籍之编纂

1936~1937年京滇公路周览各省参考书籍的编纂,是国民政府组织的一次重要的地方文献编纂活动,但长期未得到学界应有的关注。本文全面考察其缘起、成就和意义,认为本次编纂活动除有助于周览团和中央了解各省外,还有利于地方文化事业的发展和地方文献的保存;为后世的方志编修和历史研究工作留下了宝贵的文献资料;促进了中央与边疆、中心与边陲间整体联系的强化。     

信息高速公路与中国教育和科研计算机网兼校园网设想

本文阐述高速公路的发展、概念、定义、内涵及组成；介绍中国信息高速公路的概况和中国教育科研计算机网示范工程，并提出广州师范学院计算机校园网的组成设想。     

"以润扬长江大桥建设为契机,加快苏中发展" 理论研讨会综述

扬州、镇江两市应抓住润扬长江大桥建设的契机,发挥区位优势,实现南北资源共享,加快构筑大桥经济带,加快城市化进程,努力提高旅游经济效益,建设商品流通大市场,培植经济发展的"增长极",推动两市以至苏中经济和社会发展.