In Search of the Optimum Harvey Wallbanger Recipe via Mixture Experiment Techniques

A Harvey Wallbanger is an alcoholic drink composed of three ingredients: orange juice, vodka, and Galliano. One of the authors (Sahrmann), a connoisseur of the libation, was perplexed upon discovering that different bartender handbooks listed different recipes for the drink. Determined to shed some light on this irksome problem, he issued invitations for an evening workshop session (party) to former and current attendees of an experimental-design training course taught within his company. A mixture experiment was designed and data collected using the class participants. This article describes the experimental design and the analysis of the data. The results of the experiment indicate that reducing the proportion of vodka produces better-flavored drinks. The results of the experiment were not entirely conclusive, however, so recommendations are made for future experimentation.     

Final report of the Color Additive Scientific Review Panel

The Color Additives Scientific Review Panel considered whether there was information sufficient to perform a carcinogenic risk assessment on the colors D&C Red No. 19 (R-19), D&C Red No. 37 (R-37), D&C Orange No. 17 (O-17), D&C Red No. 9 (R-9), D&C Red No. 8 (R-8) and FD&C Red No. 3 (R-3) and to evaluate the assessments sent to FDA as part of the petitions for use of the colors for drug and external uses by the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA). There is a lack of human data concerning the colors for making a human health assessment, so the assessments are based upon the extrapolation of animal data. The risk assessments are determined for exposure to single chemicals. Excluded from consideration are possible effects from exposure to multiple chemicals, such as co-carcinogenesis, promotion, synergism, antagonism, etc. In the light of recent efforts in establishing a consensus in risk assessment, the Panel has determined that the CTFA assessments for R-10, O-17, and R-9 are consistent with present acceptable usages, although it questions some of the assumptions used in the assessments. The Panel identified a number of general assumptions made, and discusses their validity, their impact on total uncertainty, and the potential options to address the gaps in understanding that necessitate the assumption. The Panel also derived revised risk estimates using more "reasonable" assumptions than "worst-case" situations, for 90th percentile and average exposure. For those assumptions that are easily quantifiable, the Panel's estimates are less than an order of magnitude lower than the CTFA risk estimates, indicating that the underestimates and overestimates of the CTFA risk estimates tend to balance each other. The impact of most of the assumptions is not quantifiable. The assessment for R-3 is complicated by the fact that there is no good skin penetrance study for this color. It was assumed that the penetrance is similar to that of another water-soluble xanthene color, R-19. It is expected that the absorption of the color is not likely to exceed that of the smaller molecule, R-19. Therefore, the risk estimates are similar to the CTFA estimates, but with different reasoning. The estimates for R-8 and R-37 are different from the others in that there is a lack of any exposure or toxicological information on these colors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

乙基橙偶氮聚合物的光致双折射特性

用偶氮染料乙基橙(Ethyl Orange)掺杂到聚乙烯醇(PVA)制成了偶氮聚合物薄膜样品.用半导体激光器(532 nm,CW)为激发光并以线偏振氦氖激光(632.8 nm,CW)作为探测光,实验研究了乙基橙聚合物的光致双折射特性,其结论是乙基橙聚合物薄膜样品在较低的激发光功率下具有较大的光致双折射效应和快速的时间响应特性.     

炼丹术与《本草经集注》中的矿物知识

<本草经集注>是陶弘景融摄医、道编撰而成的.陶弘景以中医本草学为基础,大量吸收道教服食方术尤其是金丹黄白术的药物知识,为丰富本草学矿物知识作出了重要贡献,并开创了医家本草与道经知识相结合的本草著作编撰模式,对后世本草学产生重要影响.     

《真诰》农学思想探微

《真诰》为我国南朝齐梁时著名道教学者陶弘景所编撰整理的一部道书,既阐述茅山宗的教理教义,又贯穿陶弘景的农道合修思想,所以书中农学思想十分丰富,成为陶弘景科学思想的重要组成部分。《真诰》中的农学思想可归纳为四个方面:因地制宜的"土宜"思想;因时而行的"耕道"思想;与人为善的农业"伦理"思想;益于身心发展的农产品"消费"思想。     

炼丹术与《本草经集注》中的矿物知识

《本草经集注》是陶弘景融摄医、道编撰而成的。陶弘景以中医本草学为基础,大量吸收道教服食方术尤其是金丹黄白术的药物知识,为丰富本草学矿物知识作出了重要贡献,并开创了医家本草与道经知识相结合的本草著作编撰模式,对后世本草学产生重要影响。     

The risk climate and the delivery of child welfare services

The community is conceptualized as a “risk climate” in which the traditional child welfare services such as own-home services, foster placement, adoption and institutionalization are delivered. The community generates incidence of child welfare cases through the pressure of conditions, and affects prevalence by the extent of its response. Any method of allocating scarce resources should take variations in the risk climate into account in order to put resources where the problem is. This report presents an effort to achieve such a procedure through (1) a literature review to isolate variables related to child welfare service delivery; (2) a report of zero order relationships between these variables and outcome measures; and (3) the use of a multiple regression analysis to develop predictive procedures. The process developed is put forward as an equitable way of distributing scarce resources.     

果利达植物调节剂对红江橙经济性状影响初探

应用湛江师范学院研制的果利达植物生长调节剂,对红江橙的增产增质进行了初步应用试验研究,结果表明喷施果利达具有以下功效：（1）可以提高江橙平均单果重,其中以3^#药剂效果最显,盛花期施用40、20、10、5mg／L,平均单果重比对照提高43．77％、43．11％、36．52％,32．91％,幼果期比花期喷药对果实单果重的提高更明显;（2）可以提高果实可溶性固形的百发含量,提高了果实的品质;93）对营养生长有促进作用。     

Voices from Vietnam: experiences of children and youth with disabilities,and their families,from an Agent Orange affected rural region

This study examines the experiences of young people with disabilities from ethnic minorities, and their families, in central Vietnam. The study is set in an area contaminated by Agent Orange during the Vietnam War. Data were gathered from interviews with youth with disabilities and interviews and focus groups with mothers who had children with disabilities. Respondents expressed confronting multiple barriers to inclusion, education, health and well-being similar to other persons with disabilities and their families from around the world. Participants sought broad-ranging human rights as they described experiencing stigmatization and marginalization from negative social reaction toward disabilities and by residing in a location known for dioxin contamination. The participants’ voices are not only important in informing program responses to support implementation of Vietnam’s new National Law on Persons with Disabilities, but also timely as the US government considers proposed legislation providing material support for Vietnamese nationals affected by Agent Orange.     

高铁酸盐降解偶氮染料酸性橙Ⅱ的研究

为研究高铁酸盐对废水的处理效果,以试验的方式研究了高效净水剂高铁酸盐对偶氮染料酸性橙Ⅱ的脱色效果,考察了紫外光照射、高铁酸钠浓度、pH值、添加剂对脱色效果的影响．结果表明,在原水样浓度为50mg／L,高铁酸盐含量10mg／L,NaHCO3浓度0．01mol／L,在中性条件下处理30min,脱色率可以达到94％左右．紫外光照射能有效提高染料的脱色速率;相同条件下脱色率可达97％以上,表明紫外光和高铁酸盐联合使用对染料的降解速率大大提高,产生了明显的协同作用．