ITU空间频率轨道资源分配与协调规则研究

空间频率轨道资源是有限的自然资源,是我国北斗卫星导航系统、载人航天和探月计划等空间活动中不可缺少的战略性资源,我国对这一资源的利用要遵守有关空间交通管理的国际规则。国际电信联盟是联合国负责实施无线电频谱的频段划分、频率的分配和频率指配的登记,以及空间业务中对地静止卫星轨道的相关轨道位置及其他轨道中卫星的相关特性的登记的机关。本文分析国际电信联盟的法律框架,解读空间频率轨道资源分配规则,阐明我国对ITU有关规则的利用和需求。     

A history of Chinese global Internet governance and its relations with ITU and ICANN

The Chinese contribution to global Internet governance debate has been studied mainly by focusing on the governmental perspective. This study was aimed to provide a broader view by analyzing the participation of Chinese academics and civil society in two of the most important Internet governance international organizations: the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). Based on historical material and in-depth interviews conducted in Geneva and Beijing, the findings show the evolution of Chinese Internet governance at the global level and suggest the following: first, the Chinese agents in the global debate on Internet governance support a multi-stakeholder perspective; second, although seldom engaged in the decision-making process, the Chinese agents involved in the global governance identify ITU as the more credible international organization in coordinating global governance; third, the Chinese agents have an ambivalent approach to Chinese participation both in ITU and ICANN. Finally, the findings of the study reported in this article contest the understanding that Chinese Internet governance is isolationist in nature.     

《国际电信规则》审议与修订的法律分析

ITR是ITU重要的多边条约,对ITR的审议和再修订不仅涉及ITR在全球电信新趋势下的功能和定位,还涉及ITU职能范围变化等重大问题。通过全面解析和评价各成员国对ITR审议的主要观点可以发现,在全球电信新趋势下,ITR面临着三大问题,即发达国家与发展中国家之间“数字鸿沟”不断拉大;各成员国都面临着日益严峻的网络与信息安全问题;国际上缺乏普遍有效的网络安全与个人隐私保护的国际规则。ITR的修订应对上述问题具有现实指导意义,对世界电信的未来发展起到前瞻作用。