生物多样性保护与知识产权

生物多样性保护与知识产权存在较大的关联性,《生物多样性条约》的相关条款与知识产权密切相关,围绕生物资源保护与利用的知识产权理论不断发展,我国的相关法律制度也应加以完善。     

新疆回族驼运业的调查与研究

伴随着自元代起始的徙居,地处丝绸之路孔道的新疆回族便开始了远距离经商贸易活动。作为集货物运输与商业贸易为一体的商旅组织,回族驼运业随丝绸之路的兴衰而消长。到民国后,回族驼运业迅猛发展,在新疆驼运业中,规模最大,经营活动范围最广,资金最雄厚,社会影响最巨。本文依据田野调查资料及文献记载,对新疆回族驼运的组织与功能、通商路线与营运货物、驼运业兴起的原因及驼队的演变、新疆回族现在的经商运输情况等,作了系统论述。     

英俄角逐中亚与1873年英俄协定

本文以19世纪前期的中亚为背景,勾勒了该时期英俄争夺中亚,并达成1873年英俄协定的历史概貌,以便使我们对英俄进行殖民掠夺的本性有一个全新的认识.     

上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单的路径和措施

目前,在中国(上海)自贸试验区的各项实施制度中,"负面清单"制度是其中重要的一项,也将是未来自贸区可复制、可推广的一项关键制度。对此,可借鉴《美国双边投资协议2012年范本》,将上海自贸试验区负面清单转化为全国负面清单,向全国推广。     

Emplaced mobilities: Lisbon as a translocality in the migration journeys of Punjabi Sikhs to Europe

The arrival in Portugal of recent migrants from the Indian subcontinent is normally a secondary movement from within Europe tied to the search for a regular pathway into legal integration in the EU. However, as favourable migration policy is not paired with easy economic integration onward migration is common. We argue that such complex migration strategies cannot be amply explored through an origin–destination model; instead we suggest that a translocal perspective provides a framework to examine connections and experiences of emplacement in places of passage/reception like Lisbon. Through a qualitative study of the migration journeys and emplaced practices of Punjabi migrants in Lisbon, our findings highlight relationality between multiple scales, elucidating how agency and structure interact at micro and macro levels in shaping migration experiences and outcomes. We show how the materiality of local community structures ensures the navigation of daily life in the city and provides pathways toward legality contributing to wider mobility regimes. Moreover, we illustrate how onward migration represents an individual strategy to realise different aspects of integration in other EU destinations challenging nation-state-bound understandings of citizenship/settlement and integration.     

翻译的政治:马儒翰与第一次鸦片战争

鸦片战争期间,中英双方都存在语言沟通的难题.但是,英方由于聘用马儒翰等人担任翻译,有效解决了政治沟通和情报收集等问题.他们充分借助马儒翰等人的中文知识,作出了合理的战略决策和军事安排.而反观中方,林则徐之后的几个主帅,出于怀疑汉人、明哲保身等心理,竟将为数不多的几个译员拒之门外,倚赖英方的马儒翰"居中翻译".在缺乏翻译的情况下,清军前线主帅根本无法摸清敌人的真实动向,更无法核对所签条约文本的准确性.结果,清政府不但丧失了战争主动权,也丧失了谈判主动权,造成了很多原本可避免的损失.     

《南京条约》与英国在华治外法权的取得

鸦片战争以前 ,英国便企图以国内立法并采取各种手段获取在华治外法权 ,但均未成功。鸦片战争后 ,英国迫使清政府签订《南京条约》 ,最终通过其附件《五口通商章程》 ,以解决所谓的通商善后问题的方式攫夺了此项非法特权 ,首开了外人在华享有治外法权的恶例。     

试析《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》的生命力

《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》签署13年来,中俄关系在这个新世纪两国关系发展纲领性文件的指导下顺利前行,各领域合作都达到前所未有的高水平,中俄政治互信进一步加强。两国政界、学界赞声一片。本文通过对中俄关系的历史和现实进行剖析,探寻中俄关系健康发展的源动力,试析《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》的生命力。     

乙未津沽海啸与《马关条约》的批准

《马关条约》草签后,面对日本贪婪的割地赔款要求,中国朝野震动,一片反对声浪,纷纷要求拒签再战。迫于情势,清政府随即在津沽沿海部署重兵欲做抵抗。然而,四月上旬一场突发的海啸,不仅摧毁了清军的防御阵地,也使怯懦的清政府试图最后侥幸一搏的希望归于破灭,光绪帝只得批准《马关条约》。     

Fear and Urban Planning in Ordinary Cities: From Theory to Practice

The paper complements Abu-Orf's theory about violent settings by setting out a theory of fear in urban planning in ordinary urban contexts around three arguments: spatialization of fear; (modernist) spatialities and the encounter and political economies of urban fear. The three theoretical arguments are used to re-frame the planning history of Chelas, an affordable housing district in Lisbon, Portugal, and debate the way fear shapes, and is shaped in turn by, planning practice. Confirming that (growing) fear in ordinary urban contexts is not just an effect of the contemporary organization of cities, the paper argues for a theorization of fear that combines global (hegemonic) and a local (discursive/contingent) perspectives in the theorization of urban fear, and advocates for the need to put fear, and its capacity to create a crisis in urban policy, at the heart of planners' agendas.