Translating cross-lagged effects into incidence rates and risk ratios: The case of psychosocial safety climate and depression

Longitudinal studies are the gold standard of empirical work and stress research whenever experiments are not plausible. Frequently, scales are used to assess risk factors and their consequences, and cross-lagged effects are estimated to determine possible risks. Methods to translate cross-lagged effects into risk ratios to facilitate risk assessment do not yet exist, which creates a divide between psychological and epidemiological work stress research. The aim of the present paper is to demonstrate how cross-lagged effects can be used to assess the risk ratio of different levels of psychosocial safety climate (PSC) in organisations, an important psychosocial risk for the development of depression. We used available longitudinal evidence from the Australian Workplace Barometer (N?=?1905) to estimate cross-lagged effects of PSC on depression. We applied continuous time modelling to obtain time-scalable cross effects. These were further investigated in a 4-year Monte Carlo simulation, which translated them into 4-year incident rates. Incident rates were determined by relying on clinically relevant 2-year periods of depression. We suggest a critical value of PSC?=?26 (corresponding to ?1.4 SD), which is indicative of more than 100% increased incidents of persistent depressive disorder in 4-year periods compared to average levels of PSC across 4 years.     

Inference and optimal design of multiple constant-stress testing for generalized half-normal distribution under type-II progressive censoring

The generalized half-normal (GHN) distribution and progressive type-II censoring are considered in this article for studying some statistical inferences of constant-stress accelerated life testing. The EM algorithm is considered to calculate the maximum likelihood estimates. Fisher information matrix is formed depending on the missing information law and it is utilized for structuring the asymptomatic confidence intervals. Further, interval estimation is discussed through bootstrap intervals. The Tierney and Kadane method, importance sampling procedure and Metropolis-Hastings algorithm are utilized to compute Bayesian estimates. Furthermore, predictive estimates for censored data and the related prediction intervals are obtained. We consider three optimality criteria to find out the optimal stress level. A real data set is used to illustrate the importance of GHN distribution as an alternative lifetime model for well-known distributions. Finally, a simulation study is provided with discussion.     

用联想神经网络设计的信道均衡器

研究了联想神经网络在数字通信信道均衡器实现中的应用,讨论了其设计方法和设计步骤,给出了计算机模拟结果,并进行了性能比较。研究结果表明:Hopfield联想神经网络实现的信道均衡器具有比传统线性横向均衡器更优越的性能。     

高校师资管理中的矛盾关系探讨

高校师资队伍建设是一个至关重要的问题。在师资的引进、使用、考核和培养过程中,经常会遇到如何处理诸如比较优秀的关键性人才与基本群体、教学与科研、稳定与流动、专职与兼职等关系问题,这些矛盾的妥善解决,会较大地调动教师的积极性、主动性、创造性,有利于教学、科研水平的提升。     

关于高校实验室建设的几点思考

为把高校实验室建成开放式的创新实践基地 ,更好地发挥其在教学、科研、生产等方面的重要作用 ,应加强对高校实验室的硬件建设 ,并进行科学的统筹规划 ,加速提升实验室整体实力 ;加强实验教学师资队伍建设 ,实现实验室建设的跨越式发展     

GMM tests for the Katz family of distributions

Generalized method of moments (GMM) is used to develop tests for discriminating discrete distributions among the two-parameter family of Katz distributions. Relationships involving moments are exploited to obtain identifying and over-identifying restrictions. The asymptotic relative efficiencies of tests based on GMM are analyzed using the local power approach and the approximate Bahadur efficiency. The paper also gives results of Monte Carlo experiments designed to check the validity of the theoretical findings and to shed light on the small sample properties of the proposed tests. Extensions of the results to compound Poisson alternative hypotheses are discussed.     

加强实验室建设与管理 适应创新人才培养需要

高校实验室在培养具有创新精神和实践能力的高素质专门人才方面,正越来越发挥着重要的和不可替代的作用.本文结合高校实际,从管理体制、管理规范、队伍建设、实验教学改革等方面对加强教学实验室建设与管理进行了有益的探索.     

Wer das Stabilisieren vergisst: Warum eine schöne Abschlusspräsentation noch kein gutes Ende bedeutet

Many organizational change projects fail — despite a well thought out concept, professional project management and a binding implementation timetable. The reason why the expected success doesn’t materialize often lies with the missing maintenance. Once the project is officially completed and the client and project manager withdraw, the manner in which the organization will take up these changes is seldom systematically dealt with. Difficulties often arise when no discrete stabilizing measures are planned. We have derived four central action areas which will be clarified by way of practical examples. It will also be shown what is important to pay attention to in the stabilization phase so that a lasting success of the organizational change project can be ensured.     

椭圆轮廓的评定方法及其计算机模拟

给出了一个正确的数据处理方法,对已有的机械零件的椭圆轮廓的几何参数和线轮廓度误差评定理论的不足作了修正,并用计算机模拟方法对其进行了验证。     

蒙特卡罗方法及其在辐射剂量计算中的应用

概述了蒙特卡罗方法的产生与发展,阐述了蒙特卡罗方法的基本特点,最后就蒙特卡罗方法在辐射剂量计算上的应用进行了讨论。