诺曼·安吉尔国际政治思想解读

诺曼·安吉尔作为国际关系研究领域自由主义的重要代表人物,其政治思想体系主要包含欧洲工业化国家间的相互依赖致使战争不可获益,科学引导公众观念和集体安全思想三大部分。本文首先分析安吉尔国际政治思想产生的时代背景,进而系统解析其思想体系的主要构成,最后考察其思想的理论和现实意义。     

The rescission of behaviors: Inconsistent responses in adolescent sexuality data

In longitudinal survey research, certain questions can be rescinded illogically. For instance, respondents who at Time 1 report having had sexual intercourse may at Time 2 report never having done so. This paper reports measurement techniques and analyses of these types of inconsistencies from an ongoing longitudinal adolescent sexuality project. Inconsistencies in intercourse, masturbation, and other sexual behaviors are reported and compared to rates from other studies and other less sensitive behaviors within the same study. Three conclusions are presented: (1) inconsistencies should be considered a natural part of any longitudinal survey process and should be incorporated into the response model; (2) inconsistency rates in these particular data support the contention that adolescent sexuality data of appropriate quality for analytical purposes can be obtained; and (3) inconsistency rates in fact contain substantive information concerning the processes under consideration.     

Agricultural policies and development: A socioeconomic investigation applied to Sri Lanka

This paper explores the interrelationship between agricultural policies and development by means of a dynamically recursive, computable general equilibrium model applied to Sri Lanka. The agricultural policies investigated include elimination of the food subsidy, land reform, and technical change in agriculture. The goals considered are the levels and growth rates of GNP and employment, the distribution of income, and the real income level of the lowest income group. The study provides a quantitative assessment of the association between policies and goals and identifies the key economic mechanisms in this association.     

The impact of higher energy prices on growth and inflation in an industrializing economy: the Korean experience

The first serious problem faced by the Korean economy in recent years is the stagflation caused by the increasing energy cost of imported oil. How much does the oil crisis contribute to Korean inflation and unemployment? To answer the question, a variable input-output model is introduced. It differs from conventional models in one important respect: it allows the industrial structure to change in response to changing input costs. Under the model, the technical coefficient becomes an endogenous variable, a property that conventional input-output models fail to share.     

Changing Signs: The Political Pragmatism of Poststructuralism

In a recent issue of The New Republic, Martha Nussbaum singled out Judith Butler for a particularly venomous attack. Nussbaum's criticism was very simple: good theory leads to practical political action, and Butler's theories do not. Nussbaum's criticism of Butler echoes a general criticism leveled against the emerging field of queer theory. Many advocates of sexual rights have suggested that poststructuralist approaches do not have practical political application. In this essay, the authors argue that Butler's work points to a new political pragmatism. In the past, many advocates of sexual rights have focused on essentialized notions of sexual identity. A politically pragmatic approach, informed by Butler's theories, can shift the debate so that the issue of homophobic discrimination, rather than sexual identity, becomes a primary focus of the sexual rights movement.     

伦理理论与反理论之争——玛莎·努斯鲍姆伦理理论化思想述评

伦理理论与反理论不仅是德性伦理学与规范伦理学之间的争论,而且同样存在于德性伦理学内部。玛莎·努斯鲍姆是当代著名德性伦理学家。她的德性伦理理论化的主张具有代表性。研究玛莎.努斯鲍姆的伦理理论化的思想,有助于我们站在伦理学的前沿,把握当代西方德性伦理学的最新发展方向。      

Organizational boundaries and upward job shifts

Recent research has examined the role of organizations in the stratification system and the functioning of stratification systems in organizations. In this analysis, we examine the implications of organizational boundaries for upward job changes within and across organizations. To perform our analysis, we utilize a nonstationary, modified Markov model that allows consideration of individual and job heterogeneity. The data are life histories of a sample of U.S. males between the ages of 30 and 39. Our results indicate that organizational boundaries create two kinds of resources: (1) general resources, and (2) organization-specific resources. General resources have a positive effect on upward movement within and across organizational boundaries. Organization-specific resources have a positive effect on upward movement within organizational boundaries, and a negative effect on upward movement across organizational boundaries—a situation of great benefit to organizations.     

情感正义论:从诗性正义回到苏格兰启蒙

玛莎·努斯鲍姆从文学想象中构建了诗性正义,以具有“畅想”和同情能力的诗人作为正义的裁判。然而,“诗性正义”所运用的想象与同情却让人质疑其对公共生活的适用性。作为诗性正义的理论来源,苏格兰启蒙思想回应了这种质疑。休谟和斯密这两位苏格兰启蒙运动的杰出代表,在情感的基础上建构了一套经济、政治和法律的正义论,而“旁观者”、“同情”是这种正义论的关键概念。诉诸经济正义、政治正义和法律正义,休谟和斯密展现了公共生活中的社会秩序。苏格兰启蒙思想家所构想的以情感为原点的社会秩序论,契合中国社会长期以来的理论传统。处于转型时期的当代中国可以从重视人情伦常的传统中发掘合适的理论,并汲取苏格兰启蒙思想中的道德情感论,在经济、政治和法律领域做出自己的理论探索。     

生态马克思主义视角下的《裸者与死者》

在《裸者与死者》中,梅勒描绘了一幅生态严重失衡的图景,遭受一次次战争洗礼满目疮痍的自然环境,人和自然之间疏离以及在非常态的环境下,人对金钱权力等的追逐所暴露出的人类世界种种深层不道德现象,这一切都深刻揭示当今社会人与自然之间的异化,印证了生态马克思主义关于资本主义反生态的种种趋势。从生态马克思主义视角解读这部小说,不仅可以更深刻地理解作家的创作意图和作品的内涵,而且可以给读者提供一个全新的视角去审视造成人类的悲惨境遇的成因。