美、加公共管理领域非学位教育的借鉴意义

本文就美、加高校在公共管理领域从业人员非学位教育方面的特色从培训计划、方法、师资和评估四个方面进行分析, 对其借鉴意义进行了探讨。     

变换法在解微分方程中的应用

变量代换法是解常微分方程的一种辅助方法，它能使问题简化．本文通过联系实例给出了变换在求解微分方程中的具体应用。     

建国50多年来中国外交的基本特征论析

建国50多年来,中国共产党三代领导集体在中国外交政策和策略等方面,表现了相当的一致性。在这些方面,后一代领导集体与前一代领导集体之间有着承继关系。当然,后一代领导集体也有新的重大的发展。其实,这种一致性衬托了当代中国外交的基本特征,或者说,形成了当代中国外交的传统。文章基于对50多年来中国外交的分析,归纳出中国外交的四个基本特征,这就是外交原则和政策的一贯性、外交目标的双重性、外交形式的多样性以及外交对象的层次性。     

建构适合我国国情的新型医疗救助体制

医疗救助是社会救助体制的重要组成部分,它是政府和社会对贫困人口中因病而无经济能力进行治疗的人实施专项帮助和支持的行为。文章对我国实施医疗救助的迫切性与重要性加以论述,并提出建构适合我国国情的新型医疗救助体制的构想。     

一类变系数高阶线性齐次微分方程解的探求(英文)

本文对系数全为多项式和广义多项式的n阶线性齐次微分方程引入特征方程的概念。给出了具有指数型解的充要条件，推广了经典的常系数线性方程和著名的Euler方程的的解法，为求解变系数线性微分方程提供了有效的方法。     

偏微分积分方程的周期边值问题

本文用上下解方法结合特征线理论讨论了形如 U_t+f(t,x)U_x=g(t,x,u,Tu) u(0,x)=u(2π,x) (1)的一阶偏微分积分方程解的存在性与唯一性,进而用双边迭代的方法给出其求解的程序。     

基于CNKI的国内医学用途英语教学研究进展分析（2011—2020）

对近十年来国内医学用途英语教学研究进展进行了整体回顾和概要总结。利用中国知网CNKI文献分析工具,对2011至2020年发表的医学用途英语学术论文进行检索统计,从发文量、文献来源、作者及机构分布、研究主题、研究视角等维度进行进展分析。研究发现,知网共发表相关主题论文342篇,其中核心期刊论文26篇,主要从医学用途英语所面临的挑战、需求分析、教学模式、教学改革、教材编写以及医学用途英语教师转型发展等视角展开讨论。研究认为未来的医学用途英语教学研究需要走“外语+医学”跨学科特色发展路径,以培养更多面向新时代的复合型医学人才。     

The effects of psychiatric symptoms on quality of life assessments among the chronic mentally ill

This study of chronically mentally disabled persons in community residences examined the discriminant validity of subjective quality of life indicators and self-report mental health indices to determine the potential confounding effects of psychopathology on the assessment of quality of life (QOL). Factor analyses and difference-score reliabilities identified a general QOL construct and a general mental health construct with 27% common variance. However, psychiatric symptoms did not significantly (p less than .05) alter the bivariate and multivariate relationships among the QOL ratings, except in the health domain in which the correlations of health-related QOL indicators with global QOL were significantly (p less than .05) attenuated after removing the effects of psychopathology. The results suggest that psychopathology does not introduce bias into the overall structure of QOL data, but they also indicate the importance of controlling for mental health effects in the assessment of patients' self-rated health and satisfaction with health care.     

Treatment Choice With Trial Data: Statistical Decision Theory Should Supplant Hypothesis Testing

Abstract

A central objective of empirical research on treatment response is to inform treatment choice. Unfortunately, researchers commonly use concepts of statistical inference whose foundations are distant from the problem of treatment choice. It has been particularly common to use hypothesis tests to compare treatments. Wald’s development of statistical decision theory provides a coherent frequentist framework for use of sample data on treatment response to make treatment decisions. A body of recent research applies statistical decision theory to characterize uniformly satisfactory treatment choices, in the sense of maximum loss relative to optimal decisions (also known as maximum regret). This article describes the basic ideas and findings, which provide an appealing practical alternative to use of hypothesis tests. For simplicity, the article focuses on medical treatment with evidence from classical randomized clinical trials. The ideas apply generally, encompassing use of observational data and treatment choice in nonmedical contexts.     

近代天津的瘟疫流行与慈善机构的医疗救济

近代天津是一个瘟疫多发的城市,尤其是在水旱灾害频发的年份。瘟疫流行期间,天津市各慈善团体均致力于疫病的防治、控制和治疗。他们的善举有效地控制了疫情,拯救了许多人的生命,尤其是士绅倡导的"防疫"理念为近代公共卫生体制的确立提供了市民基础。