Mercury,Polychlorinated Biphenyls,Selenium, and Fatty Acids in Tribal Fish Harvests of the Upper Great Lakes

The Chippewa Ottawa Resource Authority monitors fish contaminants in Anishinaabe (Great Lake Native American) tribal fisheries. This article updates previously reported trends in two persistent bioaccumulative toxic (PBT) substances that are the primary contributors to consumption advisory limits for these fish: methylmercury (MeHg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Also, we report, for the first time, an analysis of nutritional benefit bioindicators and metrics in these same Upper Great Lakes fish harvests: selenium (Se) and omega‐3 fatty acids (PUFA‐3s). A novel risk/benefit quantification originally presented by Ginsberg et al. is reported here to characterize the tradeoffs between fatty acid benefits and toxic MeHg health outcomes. We also report a Se benefit metric to characterize the possible protective value against MeHg neurotoxicity based on Ralston et al. Congruent with Anishinaabe cultural motivations to consume fish from their ancestral fisheries, nutritional content was high in locally caught fish and, in some respects, superior to farmed/store‐bought fish. These Great Lakes fish still contained levels of PBTs that require careful education and guidance for consumers. However, the contaminant trends suggest that these fish need not be abandoned as important (both culturally and nutritionally) food sources for the Anishinaabe who harvested them.     

汞环境地球化学特征

本文讨论了汞在土壤、水、大气、生物环境中的含量、形态、迁移、富集、污染等环境地球化学特征,探讨了汞对人体健康的重大影响。汞在环境中的循环途径是非常复杂的,各种形态的汞由一种转化为另一种,而毒性最大的是甲基汞(CH3Hg+)。更为严重的是,汞可富集于土壤、沉积物、鱼类和其他各种野生动物,或通过挥发作用进入大气圈。     

附载Cadion 2B硅胶富集和测定痕量汞(Ⅱ)的研究(英文)

用附载有4-硝基萘重氮氨基偶氮苯(Cadion2B)的硅胶可以富集水中ppb级的Hg(Ⅱ)在pH1.5～6.50范围振荡45分钟可被Cadion 2B-SG完全吸附,其最大吸附量为8.5μmol·g~(-1)Cadion 2B-SG。用0.05m0l·L~(-1)HClO_1和0.05mol·L~(-1)HCl将Cadion 2B-SG柱上的Hg(Ⅱ)完全洗脱,富集倍数可达150以上,回收率大于95％。     

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法联合测定大米中砷和汞

研究了应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法联合测定大米中砷和汞,方法灵敏度高、准确度好。在最佳条件下,以50g/L硫脲 50g/L抗坏血酸为预还原剂,荧光强度与砷浓度在0.0512～200ng.mL-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限达0.0512ng.mL-1,荧光强度与汞浓度在0.0214～200ng.mL-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限达0.0214ng.mL-1;测定6个大米样品中砷汞,相对标准偏差:砷为2.1以下,汞为1.8以下;回收率:砷为91.6%-107.2%,汞为93.5%-108.7%。     

The Environmental Geochemistry and Bioaccessibility of Mercury in Soils and Sediments: A Review

There have been many studies of mercury geochemistry in the environment and its bioconcentration/bioaccumulation through the aquatic food chain. However, there is a dearth of information regarding the bioaccessibility of mercury in human receptors exposed primarily by soil ingestion. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of mercury bioaccessibility and speciation in soils, and the utility of speciation methods to estimate mercury bioaccessibility. We conclude that additional research is necessary to determine: (1) whether analytical measurements can adequately determine the bioaccessibility of mercury in sediments and soils; (2) the accuracy of in vitro analyses in assessing mercury bioaccessibility; (3) the ability of mercury to cross tissue membranes of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and the small and large intestines; (4) the speciation and distribution of mercury in biological fluids; and (5) mercury bioavailability using an in vivo animal model relevant to human gastrointestinal tract conditions.