Service diversification and growth of professional service firms

This study investigates the impact of service diversification on the rate and mode of firm growth in professional service firms (PSFs). Drawing on the extant PSF literature, we identify differing views regarding the growth impact of service diversification. Specifically, some scholars suggest that the external client benefits associated with service diversification should allow PSFs to expand revenues at a rapid pace and pursue less merger and acquisition activity, whereas others imply that increased diversification can cause internal challenges with respect to learning costs, coordination and innovation that can limit the rate of revenue growth and encourage more mergers and acquisitions. We test these competing views using longitudinal data on 137 accounting firms and cross-sectional data on 125 law firms and find that service diversification is negatively associated with the rate of firm revenue growth and positively associated with the use of mergers and acquisitions.     

企业并购过程中的组织认同行为

近年来,企业并购已经成为逐渐被人们所熟悉的一个词语。但是,很多企业在并购的过程中出现了大量的不适应性问题,甚至有的并购行为最终走向了失败。在并购发生前、发生过程中以及发生后员工的组织认同都受到并购行为的影响而发生变化。在并购发生后,组织认同的重新构建就成了决定并购成败的重要因素。     

Fairness and commitment to change in M&As: The mediating role of organizational identification

This paper examines the determinants of employees' affective commitment to change in the context of M&As. Based on the group engagement model (Tyler & Blader, 2000, 2003), we predicted that organizational identification with the newly formed organization mediates the positive impact of employees’ overall justice judgments and perceived change favorableness on affective commitment to change. We tested our predictions using data collected during an international merger. After controlling for country effects, results support our hypotheses. Implications for research and practice alike are discussed.     

From a dyadic to a triadic perspective: Divestiture research implications for understanding pre- and post-acquisition processes

Acquisition and divestiture studies remain surprisingly disconnected, although both fields address corporate restructuring modes that are tightly linked. Acquisitions entail buying a business that another company divests or even, in many cases, a subsequent sale of formerly acquired activities. In this paper, we adopt a seller perspective, explore cross-fertilization areas, and identify important complementary and challenging insights that divesture research can bring to acquisition research. Focusing on sell-off, a major divesture type that is considered symmetrical to an acquisition, we discuss how divestiture research can shed novel light on pre- and post-acquisition stakeholders and processes. We propose two ways in which a divestiture perspective invites rethinking: 1) regarding actors, by stressing the need to consider triadic (divester–target–acquirer) rather than dyadic configurations (target–acquirer) and 2) regarding processes and time, by enlarging the temporal horizon of acquisition processes by divestiture processes, which precede but also sometimes exceed the acquisition. We contribute to acquisition research by providing a fresh look at stakeholder and process perspectives and identifying important future research avenues.     

Looking into the ‘black box’ – unlocking the effect of integration on acquisition performance

Extending research on the performance of Mergers and Acquisitions (M&As), this paper seeks to explain how the post-acquisition integration phase affects acquisition performance. Despite extensive research efforts, there remains a scant understanding of how acquisition implementation, particularly in the post-acquisition integration phase, impacts the performance of M&As. Based on an extensive study of eight acquisitions, in this paper, a grounded model detailing the mechanisms by which the post-acquisition integration phase affects acquisition performance is developed. The model posits that integration-related factors do not bear directly upon acquisition performance. Instead, their effect is mediated by functional organizations in both firms. When focusing into these functional mediating dynamics, we observe that integration-related processual, behavioral and cultural factors affect the identified functional mediators in different ways. Going forward, we echo calls for integrated perspectives to the study of M&A and M&A performance in particular.     

跨国并购研究的整合框架与发展趋势探讨

随着我国“走出去”战略的加快推进,跨国并购已成为中国企业进入海外市场和开展国际化经营的重要战略方式。文章在讨论了跨国并购研究的理论假设前提的基础上,对其演化脉络进行了相应的梳理,构建了一个包容性和解释力较强的跨国并购研究整合框架,归纳总结了跨国并购研究发展的基本趋势。     

中国企业跨国并购中的文化冲突与整合研究

中国企业跨国并购文化冲突有各种表现。民族文化差异、社会制度文化差异、经营思想和经营方式差异是产生文化冲突的主要原因。文化冲突会给中国海外并购企业带来整合困难、人才流失和效益低下等问题。塑造目标企业发展愿景、协调不同文化背景员工的行为、激励员工与企业共同发展和创造有利于企业持续发展的文化环境是化解文化冲突的重要途径。     

产业整合中的并购融资决策模型

我国在经济总量长期快速增长后,当前很多行业产能过剩且与国际同行业市场相比产业集中度较低,已步入一个产业整合期。文章利用基于方差分析的资本结构决策模型,研究了产业整合中并购融资决策问题,有效地权衡了风险与收益,使并购融资决策模型更富可操作性和实用广泛性,为产业整合中企业并购融资的最优资本结构决策提供了科学依据。      

证券市场并购目标的财务特征分析和预测研究

应用自组织映射神经网络（SOM）和Hopfield神经网络模型对上市公司并购目标公司进行了实证研究。SOM网络的聚类分析表明目标公司可分为6个类别,各类别之间差异较大,目标公司明显区别于非目标企业,在总体上具有盈利能力低、经营能力差、偿债能力较强的特点。Hopfield网络模型的预测结果显示,目标企业的平均预测准确率为80．69％,非目标企业的预测准确率为61。33％,由于并购交易发生受多种因素影响,财务指标与其它因素相结合方能提高模型预测的效果。     

中国企业海外并购面临的困难及对策分析

近年来,中国企业的海外并购变得越来越普遍,但海外并购之路并不平坦,它的前景充满希望,但由于文化差异、经验欠缺等因素,并购的成功率并不高.并购成功率低的原因很多,所面临的困难因素包括政治因素、法律因素、政策因素、社会舆论因素和工会因素等,并购的不同阶段也存有相应的困难,本文在对这些因素深入分析的基础上,提出了解决问题的建议.