公民社会产生与发展的内在逻辑

公民社会理论在当代已发展成为一种重要的政治思想范式和学术研讨领域,它为人们构建理想社会的努力提供指南。然而,从目前研究的总体情况看,与公民社会理论兴起相伴随的,却是普遍存在着的规范主义和目的论,从而削弱了其实践指导功能。为此,运用新制度主义方法,通过探讨公民社会形成与发展的内在动因,廓清公民社会产生与发展的内在逻辑,将使对公民社会的经验分析成为可能。     

浅谈形式逻辑的普及与研究--兼论逻辑学的教学实践

随着中国高等教育的蓬勃发展,大学教育的目标追求要求对当前中国逻辑学教学的现状进行思考,针对逻辑教学与学习观念、逻辑课程规划与设置、逻辑教材建设和使用、逻辑师资培养和壮大等方面存在的问题,探索新形式下逻辑学的教学与发展,从而使高校真正担当起逻辑学普及与研究的重任。     

企业家战略--培育创新能力的企业内部战略

近几年来,在超强竞争背景下国外兴起的企业家战略,是公司努力将组织各个层次的员工培育为普遍具有企业家精神、思维和行动的战略,是努力将整个公司转变为能够发挥员工企业家精神的战略.企业家公司以异质的企业家人力资本和企业家智力资产持续创新,破坏均衡,产生竞争优势和显著的业绩.企业家战略理论研究的是公司如何获得具有创新、变革、远见卓识和承担风险的能力,是对正在兴起的内部战略理论的丰富和发展.企业家战略与核心能力理论互相补充,并且改变了某些传统的战略管理观念.     

Dealing with context in logic model development: Reflections from a realist evaluation of a community health worker programme in Nigeria

Logic models (LMs) have been used in programme evaluation for over four decades. Current debate questions the ability of logic modelling techniques to incorporate contextual factors into logic models. We share experience of developing a logic model within an ongoing realist evaluation which assesses the extent to which, and under what circumstances a community health workers (CHW) programme promotes access to maternity services in Nigeria. The article contributes to logic modelling debate by: i) reflecting on how other scholars captured context during LM development in theory-driven evaluations; and ii) explaining how we explored context during logic model development for realist evaluation of the CHW programme in Nigeria. Data collection methods that informed our logic model development included documents review, email discussions and teleconferences with programme stakeholders and a technical workshop with researchers to clarify programme goals and untangle relationships among programme elements. One of the most important findings is that, rather than being an end in itself, logic model development is an essential step for identifying initial hypotheses for tentative relevant contexts, mechanisms and outcomes (CMOs) and CMO configurations of how programmes produce change. The logic model also informed development of a methodology handbook that is guiding verification and consolidation of underlying programme theories.     

对冲与制衡:日本“印太战略”的地缘政治逻辑与制约因素

日本“印太战略”是依据日本在当前国际格局中的地位和地缘政治现实制定的,目的是对冲和制衡中国在印太地区影响的扩展,以维护当前有利于日本的国际秩序,进而实现维护日本的国家利益。日本“印太战略”在政治和安全领域主要依托“四国安全对话机制”,以构建地区同盟架构的方式,逐步实现日本的地缘战略。这既是当前东亚地缘政治的现实,也是日本作为海洋型国家的战略选择。但是,由于合作国家的战略偏好和地缘利益的差异以及中国周边外交的成功实施,特别是国际格局演变的趋势,从不同的层面制约日本“印太战略”的实施。日本“印太战略”是一项综合性战略,是对中国“一带一路”倡议的针对性措施,对中国地区利益的影响较为广泛,中国应从战略上予以重视。     

Using a participatory evaluation design to create an online data collection and monitoring system for New Mexico's Community Health Councils

We present the collaborative development of a web-based data collection and monitoring plan for thirty-two county councils within New Mexico's health council system. The monitoring plan, a key component in our multiyear participatory statewide evaluation process, was co-developed with the end users: representatives of the health councils. Guided by the Institute of Medicine's Community, Health Improvement Process framework, we first developed a logic model that delineated processes and intermediate systems-level outcomes in council development, planning, and community action. Through the online system, health councils reported data on intermediate outcomes, including policy changes and funds leveraged. The system captured data that were common across the health council system, yet was also flexible so that councils could report their unique accomplishments at the county level. A main benefit of the online system was that it provided the ability to assess intermediate, outcomes across the health council system. Developing the system was not without challenges, including creating processes to ensure participation across a large rural state; creating shared understanding of intermediate outcomes and indicators; and overcoming technological issues. Even through the challenges, however, the benefits of committing to using participatory processes far outweighed the challenges.     

Semi-structured interview protocol for constructing logic models

This paper details a semi-structured interview protocol that evaluators can use to develop a logic model of a program's services and outcomes. The protocol presents a series of questions, which evaluators can ask of specific program informants, that are designed to: (1) identify key informants basic background and contextual information, (2) generate logic model elements, (3) model program inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes, (4) build a rational theory, (5) develop a program theory, (6) prioritize logic model elements, and (7) build a graphical or tabular logic model. The paper will also provide an example of how this approach was used to develop a logic model for a youth mentoring program. It is our hope and belief that with this interview protocol, novice evaluators will be able to generate comprehensive logic models like seasoned professional evaluators.     

Using logic model and visualization to conduct portfolio evaluation

Portfolio evaluation is the evaluation of multiple projects with a common purpose. While logic models have been used in many ways to support evaluation, and data visualization has been used widely to present and communicate evaluation findings, adopting logic models for portfolio evaluation and using data visualization to share findings simultaneously is surprisingly limited in the literature. With the data from a sample portfolio of 209 projects which aims to improve the system of early care and education (ECE), this study illustrated how to use logic model and data visualization techniques to conduct a portfolio evaluation by answering two evaluation questions: “To what extent are the elements of a logic model (strategies, sub-strategies, activities, outcomes, and impacts) reflected in the sample portfolio?” and “Which dominant paths through the logic model were illuminated by the data visualization technique?” For the first question, the visualization technique illuminated several dominant strategies, sub-strategies, activities, and outcomes. For the second question, our visualization techniques made it convenient to identify critical paths through the logic model. Implications for both program evaluation and program planning were discussed.     

分析理性与辩证理性联手运用的智慧——《逻辑的社会功能》读后

(1)形式逻辑(分析理性)的渊源:它从古代论辩术中分离出来,其核心是推理的法则。(2)黑格尔辩证逻辑(辩证理性)的渊源:(a)它直接源于康德的先验逻辑与二律背反(Antinomy)。(b)可进一步追溯到古希腊辩证法的两支:赫拉克利特的生成辩证法与苏格拉底的对话辩证法。(3)辩证逻辑绝无反形式逻辑的特性!那只是假象。(4)分析理性与辩证理性的联手,是化解社会矛盾和科学上悖论的强有力的思想工具。     

约翰·穆勒的心理主义辨析

约翰·穆勒的逻辑哲学一直被当作心理主义的主要代表.但是近些年来,西方哲学界越来越多的学者指出,穆勒的观点和立场实际遭受了误读.事实上,只要更仔细地研读穆勒本人的经典文本,我们就不难发现,穆勒对自己的心理主义做了严格的限定:他一方面断言,作为一项技艺的逻辑学从作为一门科学的逻辑学那里获得全部的理论基础,而作为科学的逻辑学广义上乃是心理学的一部分;另一方面他又断言逻辑学可以从心理学那里获得理论构造方面的启示.但是他并未一般地主张逻辑学必须从心理学那里寻求理论奠基.