Media Publicity and the Voluntary Sector: The Case of Nonprofit Organizations in New York City

Media publicity is an important resource for contemporary voluntary associations, but very little is actually known about the resources and organizational characteristics that are most important for getting media attention. To address this question, we collected and analyzed data on the organizational attributes and news publicity of 739 nonprofit organizations in New York City. We find that an organization's income, paid staff, membership size, and library resources are significantly related to getting media publicity, whereas the number of chapter affiliations is inversely related to publicity. Association type is also a significant factor that influences an organization's ability to get publicity. We discuss the implications that these findings have for current debates about advocacy and civic engagement in the nonprofit sector.     

新时期中国经济现代化成功启动的原因

改革开放以来,中国经济现代化实现了成功启动。其成功启动,离不开对百余年中国现代化史的科学总结,离不开对旧有社会主义发展模式的深刻反思,离不开对旧的国际战略格局的超越,同时也离不开现代西方工业文明的深刻影响。正确总结其原因,对今天的现代化建设仍具有重要意义。     

Automobile prices and protection: The U.S.-Japan trade restraint

We examine the effects of the U.S.-Japan trade restraint on automobile prices and quality upgrading, for both Japanese imports and American small cars. From April 1981 to April 1984 the suggested retail price of all Japanese models increased by 15.8 percent, or 5.3 percent per year. We find that nearly the entire amount of this rise can be explained by the upgrading of individual models. This upgrading may benefit consumers who would purchase a luxury import in any case, but harms those who desire the basic imports. In addition to upgrading, we conclude that a second cost of the trade restraint has been to prevent the yen depreciation from being passed onto American consumers, in terms of lower imported auto prices. For U.S. small cars we find a 9.1 percent rise in the suggested retail price, or 3 percent per year, with a fraction of this amount due to model upgrading. If the yen depreciation had led to lower import prices without the trade restraint, then we expect that U.S. auto prices would have been lower, too.     

Les transformations de l'intégration par l'emploi: Regards croisés : France métropolitaine - île de La Réunion

Against a background of mass unemployment and the increasing precariousness of employment, the current changes in the labour market demand that we examine the previously central role of paid employment in social integration. If the individual now deprived of employment or having a temporary contract is by dint of this fact less included in society or is less secure by not having a permanent salary, is it to say that he embodies the face of the de-affiliated, of those who miss out on social benefits? Taking the example of the Reunion Island which has the highest level of unemployment and population covered by the minimum income (RMI: Revenu Minimum d'Insertion) in the country, this article endeavours to explain and understand how, in the context of a protective society and increasingly flexible employment market, new methods of social integration without and resulting from paid employment are being formed.     

Why do French women have more children than German women? Family policies and attitudes towards child care outside the home

French mothers are still more often economically active than their German counterparts and birth rates in France remain higher than in West Germany. By comparing two countries with many similarities in their family policies, I try to demonstrate that the differences between state policies per se should not be overestimated in explaining the persistent gap in their fertility level. As far as women's attitudes towards child care outside of the home are concerned, there is a strong divide between France and West Germany. In the Old Länder in Germany there is some congruence between attitudes and beliefs towards child care and the shortage of child care provision, especially for toddlers. As a product of the interaction between shortage of child care provision, women's attitudes regarding child care and mothers' low labour force participation rate, German family policy reinforces these attitudes. Conversely, there is slow impetus for policy makers to really develop a comprehensive public child care system. Against this cultural and institutional background, an increasing number of women give priority to their job or to their career. In France, by contrast, norms in respect of education of toddlers and young children have evolved in tandem with the change in attitudes of women towards employment. A majority of French women feel legitimised to be in employment on a full-time basis and to have their children cared for outside the home. Their attitudes are in tune with the premises of family policy which has integrated the model of 'the employed mother'. Les Francaises continuent àavoir plus d'enfants que les Allemandes de l'Ouest alors que les différences entre les taux d'activité des mères se sont progressivement atténuées. La proportion de femmes qui n'ont pas d'enfants, en particulier, est beaucoup plus importante en Allemagne de l'Ouest. En comparant deux pays dont les politiques sociales et familiales présentent des similarités, on se propose d'aller au delà des explications les plus couramment admises. En France, contrairement à l'Allemagne de l'Ouest, les normes régissant l'éducation des jeunes enfants ont évolué en phase avec les changements qui ont affectéles comportements des femmes sur le marché du travail. Il est devenu légitime socialement pour les Francaises de travailler à plein temps tout en faisant garder son enfant à l'extérieur du domicile. Les Allemandes de l'Ouest, par contre, intériorisent toujours fortement la norme selon laquelle l'éducation d'un jeune enfant nécessite la présence permanente de sa mère. Mais de plus en plus éduquées, elles sont amenées à accorder la priorité à leur maintien dans l'emploi et à renoncer à la maternité. Pour mieux comprendre les différences de fácondité entre les deux pays, il semble donc fructueux de se focaliser sur les interactions à l'aeuvre entre leurs politiques familiales, les valeurs auxquelles adhèrent la majorité des couples concernant l'éducation des jeunes enfants et les attitudes des femmes face au travail rémunéré.     

德曼的“新社会主义哲学”和他的“新发现”

亨利·德曼的“新社会主义哲学”建立在对马克思主义的批判基础上，并与资产阶级哲学实行联姻，德曼在马克思《１８４４年经济学哲学手搞》中的“新发现”表明的不过是对马克思主义的严重曲解，这一哲学不仅在理论上没有给社会主义运动贡献新东西，而且在实践上蜕变成了与法西斯合流的反动力量．     

我国金融支持农业发展的思考

金融促进农业发展，中国社会主义新农村建设离不开金融。由于城乡二元经济结构形成的城乡发展差距、农村信贷制度、统一标准的金融监管、支农资金风险高等原因，国家金融支持农业发展的力度不够，资金供给方向边缘化，农村金融主体自身服务与创新能力不足，民间信贷活跃但弊端多，农村金融服务和管理人才缺乏。提出要加强金融服务创新，优化农村金融服务，通过加强财政政策调控进一步促进农村发展；要根据农业贷款的特点，建立农业风险补偿机制，以降低和减少支农资金的风险和损失和促进信贷；同时完善《担保法》法规，加强农村金融管理和服务人才队伍建设，使金融更好地支持农业发展。     

A modification of Honoré's triple-link model in the synoptic problem

Summary.  In New Testament studies, the synoptic problem is concerned with the relationships between the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke. In an earlier paper a careful specification in probabilistic terms was set up of Honoré's triple-link model. In the present paper, a modification of Honoré's model is proposed. As previously, counts of the numbers of verbal agreements between the gospels are examined to investigate which of the possible triple-link models appears to give the best fit to the data, but now using the modified version of the model and additional sets of data.     

论早期新诗观念中诗艺和经验的紧张——以闻一多、梁实秋、俞平伯、康白情为中心

在早期新诗观念中，注重诗艺的表现和经验的表达分别体现在闻一多、梁实秋和俞平伯、康白情身上，他们之间的分歧源自于不同的诗歌观念系统，从诗艺和经验两个层面对他们展开探讨有益于理解早期新诗观念的复杂性。     

重估现代女作家的出现——以新文学期刊(1917-1925)中的女作者创作为视点

"五四"新文化运动中,进入学堂学习的女学生迅速成为了新文学杂志的重要作者,在女作家成长的过程中,新文学期刊及其主办者、编辑者的帮助和扶持起了十分重要的作用。女作者们借助现代出版的平台走向社会,走向读者,以集体的方式浮出历史地表,成为中国现代文学史上的第一代女作家。