佛经故事与哈萨克民间故事

佛经中包含大量印度故事,它们伴随佛经汉译传入中国,蜕化为中国各族民间故事的血肉.康居部是哈萨克草原最早信仰佛教的民族,古代康居高僧很早就从事佛经译述,使许多源于佛经的印度故事在现代哈萨克口头文学中世代相传,至今仍有踪迹可寻.哈萨克族民间故事的超拔想象、深邃智慧和奇诡构想,正是融合中印民间叙事艺术所形成的.     

高校科技成果转化模式的研究——以水性木器涂料产业化推广及应用为例

我国高校科技成果转化水平较低,大多数成果没有走出象牙塔。本文针对目前我国科技成果转化的现状,分析我国科技成果转化中存在的影响因素,总结了我国典型的科技成果转化模式。有效的合作模式能减少合作过程中的不确定性与风险,提高成果转化的效果。北京化工大学水性木器涂料产业化推广与应用案例为高校科技成果转化提供了成功的经验。     

茶卡出土的彩绘木棺盖板

文章依据文献记载和实物资料的比对,断定青海省乌兰县茶卡乡出土的木棺盖板画上的人物族属为吐谷浑。     

现代木质建筑在中国发展前景分析

目前我国在木结构建筑的现代应用上无论是对材料的认识、选择和加工,还是对木结构建筑的技术要点、设计方法和技术规范等方面,同西方发达国家相比有相当大的差距。本文以南京"爱涛·漪水园"木质别墅为例,介绍了现代木质建筑通常可分为四类:壁式框架类型、预制类型、原木类型和大跨度类型。现代木质住宅建筑具有建设周期短,可移动性强;保温节能,消费合理;防火防潮,隔绝噪声;抗震抗风,持久耐用;设计合理,选择多样;地域不拘,建造灵活等优越性。这些特性加上良好的市场前景,必然会促进现代木质建筑在中国得到高速发展和普及。     

南阳香菇代料春栽技术探析

南阳西部山区及周边地区菇农在香菇代料栽培生产实践中 ,探索出了“双棚、中 (小 )袋、立体层架、春季栽培”法 ,管理上首创“不脱袋转色”、“带袋全光育花”技术。这种生产管理模式称之谓香菇代料栽培生产的“南阳模式”。     

黎族历史上刻木记事习俗浅析

本文通过对现存的海南岛五指山区黎族“刻木记事”实物和有关民族学文献资料的分析 ,比较全面地探讨了黎族社会中现在业已消失了的“刻木记事”习俗及其文化内涵。     

中国雕版印刷术向日本传播的途径

印刷术是我国历史上著名的“四大发明”之一，它对人类文明的发展作出了杰出的贡献。本文从商船的往来与汉籍的输入，两国间的文化往来，中国刻工到日本亲传身授，讨论了中国雕版印刷术向日本传播的途径     

The market for construction wood in Mopti, Mali

This paper investigates the supply networks, the structure and operation of the markets and the increasing scarcity of good quality construction poles and hewn construction timber in Mopti, Mali. Using a variety of rapid appraisal methods the research identified separate groups of agents performing retailing, transporting and wood cutting functions within the supply network. A survey of the retail sector of the open or organised wood market in Mopti found the market to involve lower than expected volumes of timber and higher than expected mark-up variability across retailers and products. It was found that some users of construction wood do not buy their wood in the open market. The paper discusses one alternative method of obtaining wood involving the formation of a rural–urban solidarity network in which wood is ‘traded’ for various forms of help and assistance. The paper concludes that the re-empowerment of local communities so that they can manage and benefit from natural resources under their jurisdiction is probably a necessary condition for sustainable improvements in the supply of construction wood to Mopti. However, additional measures may be needed to replenish the stock of trees and human and institutional capital in the wood supply areas.     

Dialect change in South‐East Norway and the role of attitude in diffusion

A common claim in the literature is that the local dialects in South‐East Norway are being leveled towards the dialect of the upper social classes in Oslo. A meta‐analysis of previous studies on dialect change in this region demonstrates that this assertion is incorrect, and that linguistic features have diffused from the dialect of the lower social classes in Oslo. Attitude studies show that people in South‐East Norway have strongly negative views on the upper Oslo speech community, and this can largely explain why they do not adopt new linguistic features from this community. Within Oslo, however, linguistic features diffuse from the upper classes down to the lower classes, and the overall picture that can be drawn from these diffusion patterns is that the lower‐class dialect of Oslo is spreading its features outwards from the capital, at the same time as it is gradually disappearing as a distinct sociolect. Det er vanleg å hevda at dei lokale målføra i Søraust‐Noreg vert tiljamna talemålet i dei øvre sosiale laga i Oslo. Ein metaanalyse av tidlegare språkendringsundersøkingar i dette området syner at den påstanden ikkje er rett, og at måldrag i staden spreier seg frå talemålet i dei lægre sosiale laga i Oslo. Haldningsundersøkingar syner at folk i Søraust‐Noreg tykkjer ille om dei frå dei øvre sosiale laga i Oslo, og då kan dét vera mykje av grunnen til at dei ikkje tek imot nye måldrag frå talemålet deira heller. Men innanfor Oslo spreier måldraga seg frå dei øvre til dei lægre sosiale laga, og hovudbiletet frå desse observasjonane vert då at måldrag frå talemålet i dei lægre sosiale laga i Oslo spreier seg utetter Søraust‐Noreg samstundes som det same talemålet noko om senn vert borte i hovudstaden. [Norwegian]