首都第二机场建设与航空人才需求调研

首都第二机场的建设已成定局,由此而引起的大量人才需求是各层次学校所关注的焦点。北京经济管理职业学院是否能抓住这一得天独厚的机遇,将是未来几年对北京经济管理职业学院的考验,因此根据近几年来对首都二机场建设的资料的收集和调研,了解了机场建设对航空人才的需求,为学院的发展提供了建设性的参考性意见。     

新时期高校教师综合激励方案的设计

如何发挥高校人力资源的优势,调动教师的工作积极性,实现高校健康、快速、可持续发展,是新时期我国高校管理者和理论工作者面临的重大问题,而完善的教师激励机制是应对上述挑战的关键所在。本文结合有关需求激励原理,从高校教师的一般需求和独特需求出发,设计高校教师的综合激励机制方案。     

Occupational stratification,job-mismatches,and child poverty: Understanding the disadvantage of Black immigrants in the US

This study examines the implications of occupational stratification and job mismatches for the welfare of children, using data from the 2005–2009 American Community Survey. The results show that Black children of immigrants have household heads that are more likely to have occupations with low SEI scores than children in US-born households. More importantly, they demonstrate that intersections between parental job-mismatches and employment in the bottom rather than upper levels of the occupational distribution have important implications for understanding poverty differences among children. Job mismatches within occupations with low SEI scores are associated with greater poverty risks among Black than White, Asian, or Hispanic children of immigrants. However, racial poverty disparities are considerably lower among children with household heads in the highest occupational strata.     

The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health

In an investigation of 418 employees in the Norwegian Postal Service, employees with high learning opportunities and high decision authority were found to be better off on psychological functioning, health and organizational outcome variables than employees with low scores on these variables. Decision authority and learning opportunities had specific and independent impact on subjective health, psychological functioning, coping style and organizational outcome variables. There were, however, also interaction effects between demands, learning opportunities, and decision authority on subjective health. Learning opportunities and decision authority were operationalized with a questionnaire, supplemented with questions on the opportunities to learn skills beyond the present job situation. It is suggested that this is a particularly important dimension for coping with the present day rapid changes in working life, where the objective for many workers will be to broaden their repertoire and competence to increase their flexibility in the labour market.     

The association between job skill discretion, decision authority and burnout

This paper reports on the relationship between dimensions of control (skill discretion and decision authority) and burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment) among 164 human service workers. It examines the differential influence of job demands, control (skill discretion and decision authority) and social support (supervisor, co-workers, others) on each burnout dimension. Then it examines the moderating effects of higher skill discretion, higher decision authority, and higher social support on burnout. Low skill discretion was found to be associated with high emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. The effects of decision authority were not statistically significant. High job demands were associated with high emotional exhaustion only. Social support (supervisor, co-worker, and others) was not associated with burnout when demographic variables and job characteristics were controlled for. Neither dimension of control moderated the impact of high job demands on burnout. Social support did not moderate the impact of high demands, low skill discretion, or low decision authority on any burnout dimension. The full model explained 44% of the variance in emotional exhaustion, 25% in depersonalization, and 42% in personal accomplishment. Despite its limitations, the study suggests that the Job Demand-Control model may provide a useful theoretical foundation for the study of burnout, but that the control dimensions need to be evaluated independently since they appear to be differentially related to the burnout dimensions.     

巴勒斯坦经济发展中的以色列因素分析

第三次中东战争后，以色列对约旦河西岸和加沙地带的占领为巴勒斯坦农业和工业带来了诸多负面影响，并使巴勒斯坦经济具有较强的依附性，突出表现为劳务输出和进出口贸易对以色列的依赖。以色列的占领严重地影响了巴经济的发展，并造成了巴勒斯坦在巴以和谈中的劣势。     

朦胧的、不确定的救国理念——"二十一条"交涉期间新式知识精英的初步反应

1915年日本提出“二十一条”,使中国社会各阶层普遍感到了严重的威胁。中国新式知识精英陈独秀、李大钊、蔡元培、胡适等人作出了各具特色的应对,从总体上看,他们这时的救国主张还是较为含糊、朦胧的,但他们都在努力寻找救国的方案,开始认识到对人民进行启蒙、提高国民觉悟的重要性,从而开始了他们改造国民性的伟大工程。而在教育人民和启发青年觉悟的问题上,这时他们所崇尚和提出的,仍然是近代西方资产阶级的自由民权学说,这也是他们在其后的新文化运动中成为同路人的重要政治基础和思想基础。     

Newsvendor Problems with Demand Shocks and Unknown Demand Distributions

In today's competitive market, demand volume and even the underlying demand distribution can change quickly for a newsvendor seller. We refer to sudden changes in demand distribution as demand shocks. When a newsvendor seller has limited demand distribution information and also experiences underlying demand shocks, the majority of existing methods for newsvendor problems may not work well since they either require demand distribution information or assume stationary demand distribution. We present a new, robust, and effective machine learning algorithm for newsvendor problems with demand shocks but without any demand distribution information. The algorithm needs only an approximate estimate of the lower and upper bounds of demand range; no other knowledge such as demand mean, variance, or distribution type is necessary. We establish the theoretical bounds that determine this machine learning algorithm's performance in handling demand shocks. Computational experiments show that this algorithm outperforms the traditional approaches in a variety of situations including large and frequent shocks of the demand mean. The method can also be used as a meta‐algorithm by incorporating other traditional approaches as experts. Working together, the original algorithm and the extended meta‐algorithm can help manufacturers and retailers better adapt their production and inventory control decisions in dynamic environments where demand information is limited and demand shocks are frequent      

城市青年的职业适应:独生子女与非独生子女的比较研究

在中国第一代独生子女开始进入职业领域的大背景下,本文利用问卷调查所得资料,定量描述了处于职业初期的城市青年的职业适应状况,对青年独生子女与同龄非独生子女在职业适应方面的状况进行了比较,并探讨了与青年职业适应相关的因素。研究结果表明,青年总体的职业适应状况较好,独生子女青年与非独生子女青年在职业适应方面不存在明显的差别。与青年职业适应状况密切相关的因素主要有青年参加工作时间的长短、青年与同事关系的好坏、青年文化程度的高低以及部分职业类型的性质,而是否独生子女则与青年职业适应的状况无关。     

The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health

In an investigation of 418 employees in the Norwegian Postal Service, employees with high learning opportunities and high decision authority were found to be better off on psychological functioning, health and organizational outcome variables than employees with low scores on these variables. Decision authority and learning opportunities had specific and independent impact on subjective health, psychological functioning, coping style and organizational outcome variables. There were, however, also interaction effects between demands, learning opportunities, and decision authority on subjective health. Learning opportunities and decision authority were operationalized with a questionnaire, supplemented with questions on the opportunities to learn skills beyond the present job situation. It is suggested that this is a particularly important dimension for coping with the present day rapid changes in working life, where the objective for many workers will be to broaden their repertoire and competence to increase their flexibility in the labour market.