专业观众展览会参观动机研究——来自东莞的证据

以展览业发达的东莞为研究样地,利用因素分析与聚类研究相结合的综合定量方法,对专业观众的观展动机进行综合评估及分类研究。研究表明,专业观众的非购买动机甚过购买动机,他们观展动机的四个维度因子依次为:搜集信息、建立市场关系、考察奖励、采购行为。本研究还发现专业观众的观展动机分为目标模糊型、信息搜集导向型、目标多维明确型三种类型。     

THE PARTICIPATION DIVIDE: Content creation and sharing in the digital age

This paper looks at the prevalence of creative activity and sharing in an age when the barriers to disseminating material have been considerably lowered compared with earlier times. The authors use unique data to explore the extent to which young adults create video, music, writing and artistic photography, as well as the prevalence of sharing such material online. Findings suggest that despite new opportunities to engage in such distribution of content, relatively few people are taking advantage of these recent developments. Moreover, neither creation nor sharing is randomly distributed among a diverse group of young adults. Consistent with existing literature, creative activity is related to a person's socioeconomic status as measured by parental schooling. The novel act of sharing online, however, is considerably different by gender with men much more likely to engage in it. However, once internet user skill is controlled for, men and women are equally likely to post their materials on the Web.     

Young People Leaving Care: Participatory Research to Improve Child Welfare Practices and the Rights of Children and Young People

Abstract

This paper discusses participatory research with young people who are leaving public care in Finland to begin independent lives. The aim of the research, organised by SOS Children's Villages International, was to bring about change in alternative care arrangements, particularly those involving young people's transition to independence. The project used a participatory research design based on employing care-leaving peers as co-researchers. This paper adheres to the methodological principles of empowerment in analysing the personal experiences of young people leaving alternative care with the goal of informing good practice. The findings suggest that the peer research method can be an effective means of empowering young people to develop research skills and to be involved in knowledge production, as well as serving as a means of promoting improved services for “care-leavers”, those young people who are leaving either foster care or institutional care. The participatory and peer research method challenges the traditional understandings of expertise and knowledge production. Although the hierarchy between adult researchers and young people as co-researchers is still evident, the method provides possibilities for better understanding the social- and health-service systems and their challenges and pitfalls from a user's perspective.     

伊拉克战争与公众参与中国中东外交政策制定

伊拉克战争为公众参与中国中东外交政策制定提供了机会,参与群体前所未有地扩大,参与途径全面拓展,不同意见的表达开始涌现,公众主动对外交建言献策,开始有意施加民意压力。更为重要的是,公众意见开始成为外交部门对外传播国家主张的背景支撑和参考因素。公众因素开始成为中国制定中东外交决策时需要考虑的重要参数之一,但其影响力有限,更多是参考和制约作用,其影响正处于发展之中。     

社交网络时代大学生政治参与及引导机制研究

社交网络时代,网络成为大学生政治参与的新载体,大学生通过社交网络参与政治社会生活积极性高,原因在于:通过网络参与的及时性;同辈交流自由化,长幼交流隐私化;接受信息私己性与自我满足性。因此,可构建大学生网络政治参与引导互动模型,包含动力机制、协调机制、导向机制、效能机制以及交互机制等内容。     

Bringing Japanese Continuous Improvement Approaches to U.S. Manufacturing: The Roles of Process Orientation and Communications*

Continuous improvement (CI) has played a key role in Japan's quality management. U.S. companies have begun to adopt CI in recent years. This paper studies the implementation of CI in seven U.S. manufacturing companies. We view values as the core concept of culture that impacts CI effectiveness. Using both qualitative and quantitative data with a sample of seven companies, we observe empirically a relationship between process-oriented values and CI effectiveness. We also find that communications involving workers is strongly associated with CI effectiveness. Finally, we find an association between process orientation and communication frequency, and argue that communications act as an intervening variable between process orientation and effectiveness.     

试论农村环境保护中公众参与现状与提升策略

农民在农村环境保护中公众参与不足,总体体现为被动参与状态。这归因于农民在观念上欠缺整体性的认识,环境权利意识薄弱,农村环保公众参与的法律规定不明晰等。将农民的公众参与由被动化为主动有三大策略,包括健全农村公众参与环境保护的法律法规,提高农民的环境权利意识;加强环境信息公开,激发农民参与环境保护的主观能动性;发展农村环境保护的社会组织,丰富公众参与渠道等。     

公众参与环境保护的一种实证研究——基于陕西、广东两省的比较分析

以陕西和广东的公众参与环境保护问卷调查为数据分析的依据,问卷涉及环境知识、环境态度、个人行为参与、环境评价参与和诉讼参与五个方面。数据显示广东省的环保公众参与水平整体高于陕西省,在环境知识和环保态度方面二者差距较小,而在环保参与行为方面差距较大。为此文章提出提升陕西环保公众参与度的对策建议。     

中国成功运营的非营利机构的特点

非营利机构是社会工作的一个重要领域。我国的非营利机构在社会福利与社会发展中发挥了帮助弱势人群的重要作用。一个成功运作的非营利机构———爱德基金会的实践表明,非营利机构成功运作具有目标人群明确、项目理念创新、受助人群赋权与参与及依靠全社会共同参与四个特点。     

从"公民参与"到"群众参与"——转型期城市社区参与的范式转换与实践逻辑

中国的城市社区参与是一种出于国家治理需要的自上而下的制度安排,居民的行动逻辑与行动策略以及政府与居民的互动过程呈现出不同的特点,社区参与具有很强的革命时期形成的国家动员、群众参与的传统烙印。群众参与理论对国家动员机制和动员技术、群众参与逻辑与参与策略,以及国家与群众的复杂而微妙的互动过程的研究,能为当前中国城市的社区参与提供更富解释力的理论视角。在动员居民参与社区事务过程中,基层政府和社区居委会采取地方性权威式动员,它是社会转型背景下适应城市社会变迁的一种新型的权力技术,既运用原有行政组织网络的强大动员力量,又借用基于人情的地方性互动网络等非正式因素,将社区居民纳入社区建设和国家政权建设过程之中。