交易获利机会损失的侵权损害赔偿

法经济学的一种通行观点认为,交易获利机会的损失在相当大的程度上并非"真实社会成本",而仅仅是不同市场主体之间的转移支付,因此原则上否定此种交易获利机会赔偿的侵权法规则具有合理性。提出该观点的早期文献系统性低估了交易获利机会损失事件引发的"真实社会成本"。实际上,如果坚持使用"真实社会成本"概念对侵权法规则进行分析,最终甚至会导致对物之损害赔偿的传统规则的正当性也发生疑问。适宜的作法是放弃"真实社会成本"概念而代之以"相对社会成本"概念,原则上将成本——收益分析限定于加害人与被害人之间的关系。按照此种思路,除第三人提供交易机会所导致的或具有合同法救济渠道的交易获利机会损失需要特殊处理外,并无效率方面的原则性理由支持侵权法一般性地排除交易获利机会损失的可赔性。     

通辽市近45年农业水资源变化分析

分析了通辽市近４５ 年降水、潜在蒸散及农田水分盈亏的变化,结果表明：年降水量在周期变化中具有减小的趋势,年降水量的稳定性增加,潜在蒸散波动上升。本世纪６０ 年代以来,春旱有所缓减,秋旱有所加剧     

关于构成侵犯著作权罪应否需要“以营利为目的”的理性思考——兼评《关于办理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》中的相关规定

关于构成侵犯著作权罪应否需要"以营利为目的",学界形成了"取消论"和"保留论"两种意见。双方各有一定道理,但是不足之处也很明显。妥当的做法应当是从"批评"和"固守"走向"解释",通过对"以营利为目的"的扩大解释,可以有效规制市场秩序,实现法律效果与社会效果的统一。事实上,新近出台的《关于办理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》也采取了这种立场。这体现着对作者利益与公共利益的平衡,对社会进步与人权保障的平衡,以及对著作权法保护与刑法保护的平衡。     

Profit-oriented productivity change

This study develops an applicable profit-oriented productivity indicator when producers pursue profit maximization and can recognize input and output prices. We define the indicator, inspired by the Luenberger indicator and the Nerlovian efficiency measurement, in terms of both quantity distance functions and profit. Hence, the study׳s first stage decomposes the profit-oriented productivity change into two terms: profit efficiency change and profit technology change. Second, we decompose profit efficiency change into the changes in technical efficiency and allocative efficiency. Finally, profit technology change is separated into two components for capturing the shifts of technology and relative output/input prices. These decompositions provide a more complete picture of the sources of productivity change. We illustrate them with a sample of Taiwanese banks and compute the results using the models of directional distance functions.     

上市公司报表粉饰方式及相应审计策略

本文以上市公司利润操纵案例为背景 ,对我国上市公司利润操纵的以下方式 :利用显失公允的关联交易、伪造单据虚构经济业务、滥用会计政策假账真算 ,进行了详实的描述。上市公司报表粉饰的防范与审计研究是本文研究的最终目的所在 ,本文针对上市公司利润操纵的表现形式 ,从多层面提出了防范上市公司报表粉饰的审计策略。     

经济改革过程中的金融维持机制分析

任何成功的改革都有一种内在机制补偿着改革进程中的成本付出或利益损失 ,从而在客观上成为支撑社会结构变迁的内在整合力量。本文从金融角度出发 ,对中国“三位一体”的运作机制进行了分析 ,认为中国经济改革推进是在货币化收益、国家垄断信用和非国有经济金融剩余创造“三位一体”的维持机制支撑下前行的。同时 ,认为这种维持机制也暴露出了一些弊端 ,并提出未来改革维持机制的新思路     

合作与互补：非营利组织的发展及其与政府关系之探讨

本文简要阐述了非营利组织的内涵、产生的原因及其发展过程,并结合中国实际情况分析了非营利组织与政府的关系,认为两者是一种合作与互补的关系,从而得出非营利组织的发展在中国社会转型关键期所具有的重要意义。     

论南宋理学家陈亮的"明"思想

南宋理学家陈亮认为道(理)是与自然和人的社会生活密切相关的,它如同"赫日当空,处处光明.闭眼之人,开眼即是",是人们可以体察、认识的客观存在."王道"、"霸道"是贯通三代和汉、唐以下各代帝王治国的指导思想,从未被"隔断"过,"王霸并用"之论是合乎历史事实的,是治国良策."义理"、"功利"是三代、汉、唐皆有的行为准则,不是对立的,而是并存的,义要体现在利上,利也就是义,"义利双行"缺一不可.帝王治国要"爱人利物"、"生民之利"、"义利双行"才能富国强兵,人民生活安定.在"成人之道"问题上,陈亮主张做人要做一个堂堂正正(即光明磊落)、"推倒一世"、"开拓万古"的"智勇"之士,作一个实事实功的英雄豪杰.陈亮对以上三大问题的观点,是他的"明"思想最直接的体现.     

From social ties to embedded competencies: the case of business groups

Our current views of economic competition are still rooted in the imagery of the isolated firm that transacts with its buyers, suppliers, and competitors via largely anonymous factor and product markets. Yet this view is fundamentally at odds with the growing importance of business groups in the global economy. We thus need a reconceptualized version of our idea of economic competition, which is capable of explaining competitive advantage at the group-versus-group rather than firm-versus-firm level of analysis. In the present paper we build on insights derived from organizational sociology and organizational economics to develop a business group-level theory of competition and competitive advantage based on embedded competencies.

The rise of Trump and an agenda for regulatory reform

The arrival of Trump in the White House does not augur well for the long-run prospects of the US economy. The protectionism that is gathering steam under his presidency may yield some short-term gains, but at the detriment of the long-run. Examining the discontent among ordinary voters that brought Trump to power, this paper argues that this should be treated as an opportunity for a major regulatory reform. With the advance of digital technology, we have increasing returns to scale, and that, in turn, is making our antitrust laws backfire and hurt the well-being of ordinary people, thereby sowing discontent. The paper builds a simple model to illustrate this and makes the case for revoking the older antitrust laws and replacing them with some simple profit-sharing rules at the level of the firm, and the economy.