10-14世纪北方少数民族政权的经学

宋元时期,北方各少数民族在黄河流域建立政权以后,即开始自觉地学习和吸纳汉文化,实行崇儒尊经的文教政策,并开始了对经学的研习和传播。由于北方与南方的文化环境不同,因而经学研究也表现出明显的地域差异。北方长达４００年处于游牧民族的统治之下,杂染胡风,重实际,轻玄想,故其经学研究以六经为主,注重经史结合,从中寻求治国的道理;虽然倡扬程朱理学,但仍不废汉唐注疏,具有经世致用、平实质朴的特点。     

一党体制衰落的制度探源——文献述评与框架建构

20世纪后期以来,一党体制衰落的三波浪潮为比较政治学提出了难题:为什么那些长期执政的政党最终走向分化、衰落乃至垮台?既有研究注重从政党内部因素、外部环境、结构主义以及精英主义的视角加以解释。这些理论无法澄清一党体制的兴起与衰落的不同原因,也无法解释面临相似挑战的一党体制的命运差异。实践证明,政党制度建设及政党适应性是决定政党生命力的关键所在。     

'Sifting the Wheat from the Chaff': A Two-dimensional Discriminant Analysis of Welfare State Regime Theory

Welfare state modelling has long been an important strand within comparative social policy. However, since the publication of Esping‐Andersen's ‘Worlds of Welfare’ typology, welfare state classification has become particularly prominent and a multitude of competing typologies and taxonomies have emerged. Each of these is based on different classification criteria, and each is trying to capture what a welfare state actually does. The result is that the literature is in a state of confusion and inertia as it is unclear which of these rival systems is currently the most accurate and should be taken forward, and which are not and should perhaps be left behind. This article extends Bonoli's two‐dimensional analysis of welfare state regimes by using multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant analysis to compare and contrast the various classifications on universal criteria. It also examines the usefulness of the two‐dimensional approach itself and suggests how it can be enhanced to benefit future attempts at holistic welfare state modelling. The article concludes that there are some welfare state classifications that are more useful than others, especially in terms of reflecting a two‐dimensional analysis: it thereby ‘sifts the wheat from the chaff’ in terms of welfare state regime theory.     

从“满洲国”的官僚体制看日本“民族协和”的虚伪性

1932年伪满洲国成立,伪东北行政委员会委员长张景惠以伪满洲国政府名义发表一系列所谓平等的言论;另一方面日伪政权所设立的伪满洲国官僚机构也以“民族协和”而冠冕堂皇之,但是在实际上却是由日本殖民者直接参政、操纵和控制傀儡政权。     

Regimes of Mobility Across the Globe

Mobility studies emerged from a postmodern moment in which global ‘flows’ of capital, people and objects were increasingly noted and celebrated. Within this new scholarship, categories of migrancy are all seen through the same analytical lens. This article and Regimes of Mobility: Imaginaries and Relationalities of Power, the special issue of JEMS it introduces, build on, as well as critique, past and present studies of mobility. In so doing, this issue challenges conceptual orientations built on binaries of difference that have impeded analyses of the interrelationship between mobility and stasis. These include methodological nationalism, which counterpoises concepts of internal and international movement and native and foreigner, and consequently normalises stasis. Instead, the issue offers a regimes of mobility framework that addresses the relationships between mobility and immobility, localisation and transnational connection, experiences and imaginaries of migration, and rootedness and cosmopolitan openness. The introduction highlights how, within this framework and its emphasis on social fields of differential power, the contributors to this collection ethnographically explore the disparities, inequalities, racialised representations and national mythscapes that facilitate and legitimate differential mobility and fixity. Although the authors examine nation-state building processes, their analysis is not confined by national boundaries.     

南明政权对日通好求助政策的形成过程

明朝自嘉靖、万历以来 ,直至崇祯末覆灭 ,与日本断绝了外交关系 ,而南明政权对日本改行通好、求助的政策。由前者的断绝交往到后者的通好求助 ,经过了一个逐渐转变的过程。这个转变过程是在南明时期完成的 ,共分三个阶段 :一、弘光时期 ,这是沿用明朝末年旧政策的阶段 ;二、鲁监国、隆武两政权并存时期 ,这是拒绝交往与通好、求助同时并存的阶段 ;三、鲁监国政权、郑成功及其子孙主持的政权、永历政权等并存时期 ,这是通好、求助政策全面推行阶段。影响南明政权对日态度转变的因素 ,包括总体形势、力量对比的变化 ,当事人的经历和性格 ,以及地域远近等     

Mental health social work in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland: challenges and opportunities for developing practice

Drawing on their experience of mental health social work in Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, the authors examine the impact of current legislative and policy change in both jurisdictions. The paper applies Lorenz's theoretical framework to develop a comparative analysis of how global and country specific variables have interacted in shaping mental health social work. The analysis identifies linkages between factors and indicates similarities and differences in mental health social work practice. The paper highlights emerging discourses in this field and explores the impact on practice of developments such as de-institutionalisation, community care, and ‘user rights’ versus ‘public protection’. The article concludes with a review of key challenges facing social workers in both jurisdictions and identifies opportunities for developing mental health social work in ways that can positively respond to change and effectively address the needs of mental health service users and their carers. The analysis provides an opportunity to evaluate Lorenz's theoretical framework and the paper includes a brief critical commentary on its utility as a conceptual tool in comparative social work.     

论南唐国与中原政权之间的战争

五代十国时期,各割据政权之间形成了以中原和江淮为核心的两大对立集团,互相对抗、牵制并出现多次征伐战争。南唐(杨吴)与中原政权之间的战争历经与后梁、后周和北宋3个主要的阶段。了解战争阶段形势及其战争特点的发展变化,可以帮助人们认识南唐的历史地位,认识中国历史发展的动力和大势。     

人民币汇率制度选择的理论分析

本文在阐述分析国际汇率制度变革的历史基础上,指出"中间"汇率制度的新设置—爬行带汇率制度以及"BBC"准则中区间软化后的监督区理论是我国现行汇率制度改革选择的理论依据。     

Adaptive Tactical Pricing in Multi‐Agent Supply Chain Markets Using Economic Regimes

In today's complex and dynamic supply chain markets, information systems are essential for effective supply chain management. Complex decision making processes on strategic, tactical, and operational levels require substantial timely support in order to contribute to organizations' agility. Consequently, there is a need for sophisticated dynamic product pricing mechanisms that can adapt quickly to changing market conditions and competitors' strategies. We propose a two‐layered machine learning approach to compute tactical pricing decisions in real time. The first layer estimates prevailing economic conditions—economic regimes—identifying and predicting current and future market conditions. In the second layer, we train a neural network for each regime to estimate price distributions in real time using available information. The neural networks compute offer acceptance probabilities from a tactical perspective to meet desired sales quotas. We validate our approach in the trading agent competition for supply chain management. When competing against the world's leading agents, the performance of our system significantly improves compared to using only economic regimes to predict prices. Profits increase significantly even though the prices and sales volume do not change significantly. Instead, tactical pricing results in a more efficient sales strategy by reducing both finished goods and components inventory costs.