基于持续竞争能力观的EVA改进

作为业绩衡量的指标,EVA的目的是为了起到更好的激励作用。但实际中却频频起到相反的效果--EVA的激励使经理人不断缩减经营规模。针对上述问题,本文在运用经济学理论对EVA这种业绩评价方式进行深入分析基础上,从持续竞争能力培养的角度提出了EVA的改进方法。     

浙江非公企业劳资矛盾与工会调节作用研究——基于农民工租住地工会的实证研究

随着社会经济的发展,非公有制经济对我国经济的贡献越来越大,非公有制企业的劳资关系问题也日益突出.今天的中国,尽管工会面临着种种困境,但工会的作用仍然很重要.当前迫切需要解决的是工会代表工人利益的有效性问题.农民工租住地工会通过组建工会的方式吸纳农民工精英进入工会管理层,并动员农民工参与社区的公共生活,逐渐使他们产生了“社区认同”,农民工管理发生了由社会被动防控与管理型向主动引导、服务、建设型的转变,由分割向融合的转变,破解工会在农民工集聚的地方如何组织管理与协调劳资矛盾,促成了社区的和谐与稳定.探讨市场经济条件下企业外工会力量的成长或许能为中国工会转型提供一些借鉴和帮助,为转型期创新社会管理提供有益探索.     

Strategic altruistic transfers and rent seeking within the family

This paper examines the rent-seeking behavior of “selfish” children in competing for parental transfers. The paper extends Chang and Weisman (South Econ J 71:821–836, 2005), that focuses on compensated transfers, to allow for non-compensated transfers à la Buchanan (J Law Econ 26:71–85, 1983) and derives results for the case in which children’s time contributions as perceived by their parents are a merit good (e.g., service), pure waste (e.g., bugging), or a mix of both. For an increase in the proportion of time contributions that are pure waste, parents find it optimal to reduce the size of an overall transfer, thereby lowering the levels of wasteful rent-seeking activities by their children within the family.

The effects of rent restructuring on social housing in English rural areas

This paper discusses the impact of central government's rent restructuring policy on social housing in rural areas in England. It examines the effect that restructuring will have on the rents set by social landlords in a set of case study areas then considers some of the likely impacts on affordability and on new investment in rural social housing. One of the primary aims of rent restructuring policy is to reduce unjustifiable differences between the rents of similar dwellings in the local authority and Registered Social Landlord sectors locally. This aim seems likely to be achieved. In doing so, it is likely that affordability will be reduced in the local authority sector but enhanced for tenants of some RSLs. However, the reduction in real RSL rents that improve affordability may further constrain RSLs’ ability to invest in new social housing in rural areas. The paper concludes that rent restructuring by itself will not materially improve the housing prospects of the less well off in rural areas.     

经济集聚视角下我国地方政府的征税策略及其影响因素研究

利用1999—2008年中国280个城市的工业企业微观数据,通过构建三维经济集聚指标体系,本文度量了我国地方经济的集聚特征;分别采用均值回归和分位数回归面板计量模型实证研究了我国地方政府对工业企业的征税策略以及企业实际税率的影响因素。结果表明：①东部与中西部地区的集聚形态和规模差别较大;②地方政府依据不同的经济集聚特点采取差异化的征税策略,其税收竞争是政策引导下政府与企业的智慧博弈,而非“逐底竞争”;③东部地区企业实际税负与劳均资本、资本流动性的关系有别于中西部地区;④企业性质结构、企业规模和城市基建水平均对企业实际税负的影响显著。     

租售比与房地产市场宏观调控

我国房地产业发展历程充满着关于房地产泡沫的争论。近年来,随着房价的上涨,这种争论持续升温。房地产泡沫一旦发生,将给国家的经济和社会生活带来严重的后果,因此,防范房地产泡沫的发生具有重要的现实意义。本文通过对我国房屋租售比现状的分析,指出了我国住宅销售价格过高,住宅需求更多地体现为投资和投机的需求,住房价格中存在着泡沫。在此基础之上,本文就我国房屋租售比失调的成因进行了简要的讨论,并针对房地产市场宏观调控提出了一系列建议。     

住房保障体系中的廉租房退出机制

在政府构筑的保障房体系中,廉租房是最基础的层次,但由于廉租房在制度上缺乏有效的退出机制,准入制度的设计也存在缺陷,再加上整个住房保障体系层次间流转不畅,我国各大城市廉租房普遍存在"只进不出"现象。因此。从整体来看,政府需要完善准入制度,构建动态监管的廉租房退出机制,并完善多层次阶梯式的住房保障体系。     

战后初期港英政府租务管制政策研究

第二次世界大战结束后,香港人口急剧增长,引发了巨大的生存居住压力,屋荒问题空前严重,居住难成为重大的社会问题。为此,港英政府干预及介入房屋市场,制订实施租务管制条例,管制所有战前楼宇的租值,积极处理租务纠纷,有效遏制了屋荒进一步恶化及私人房屋租金的高涨,规范了房屋市场,大量移民暂得安居,确保战后社会的稳定、转型及吸聚人才。     

资源租金核算理论与方法研究

 本文在对自然资源价值核算的不同方法予以归纳的基础上,对这些方法得以实施的共同基础—资源租金的核算问题提出了一些不同的观点。认为在联合国等国际组织所发布的《环境经济综合核算体系》（SEEA2003）所推荐的三种资源租金的核算方法中,其中两种“间接”推算法存在理论缺陷,并从理论与实证两个方面进行了论证。     

Social class and workers’ rent, 1983–2001

Sociologists and economists continue to seek explanations for the growth of earnings inequality since the late 1970s. In this article, we draw upon the structural tradition of labor market analysis in sociology in order evaluate the conjecture that selective rent destruction is a source of the recent increase in earnings inequality. In empirical analysis of the Outgoing Rotation Groups of the Current Population Surveys from 1983 to 2001, we demonstrate that (1) the earnings of workers at the bottom of the class distribution have declined relative to the earnings of those at the top and (2) the variance of wage premia associated with employment in alternative industries has declined relatively more for those at the bottom of the class distribution. Adopting the position from both the sociology and labor economics literatures that these industry wage premia are reasonable measures of industry rents, we conclude that the results support the rent destruction conjecture and, by implication, that structural models of labor markets can explain some of the increase in earnings inequality.