Partial Identification of Economic Mobility: With an Application to the United States

Abstract

The economic mobility of individuals and households is of fundamental interest. While many measures of economic mobility exist, reliance on transition matrices remains pervasive due to simplicity and ease of interpretation. However, estimation of transition matrices is complicated by the well-acknowledged problem of measurement error in self-reported and even administrative data. Existing methods of addressing measurement error are complex, rely on numerous strong assumptions, and often require data from more than two periods. In this article, we investigate what can be learned about economic mobility as measured via transition matrices while formally accounting for measurement error in a reasonably transparent manner. To do so, we develop a nonparametric partial identification approach to bound transition probabilities under various assumptions on the measurement error and mobility processes. This approach is applied to panel data from the United States to explore short-run mobility before and after the Great Recession.     

利用孔板及均速管进行空气-水两相流单双参数测量研究

本文利用孔板及均速管的组合对空气-水两相流的流量及质量含气率进行了单、双参数测量研究,给出了两种元件的单参数公式及其双参数组合公式。对3种不同孔径的孔板、4组孔板及均速管间距以及两种型号的均速管进行了研究,获得了比较满意的结果。     

从《史记·刺客列传》看战国时刺客的精神特征

本文通过对刺客行为的分析 ,认为刺客有重义和好名两个重要的精神特征。他们的精神内涵 ,不仅包括完成对他人的义务 ,而且包括对个人价值的积极肯定     

人力资本股份化探讨

本文通过对人力资本及其确认、人力资本的价值与价值计量的研究,按“人力资本的价值取决于它所创造的超额利润（经济增加值）”的原则,设计人力资本价值计量模型,进而探索不同类型人力资本股份化的实现方式,并建议利用期权股份激励创新型人力资本所有者。     

信誉主体及其产权基础

经济学视域中的信誉是坚持诚实交易、信守合约所获得的声誉。经济学所分析的信誉主体是指那些诚实交易、信守合约的个人和组织。从现实社会看,经济学的信誉主体仅仅是市场主体之一部分。由市场主体必须是产权主体的命题,可以逻辑地推导出信誉主体必须是产权主体的命题。产权是信誉主体确立的基础,原因在于第一,置信的承诺显然与主体履约能力的大小密切相关;第二,交易性互动必须建立在交易各方的产权基础之上;第三,有恒产者追求的已不再是短期利益的最大化,而是长期利益的最大化,如果失信将面临巨大的风险。     

独立董事连锁对内部控制的影响机理: 基于声誉效应与学习效应的实证研究

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品牌资产及其测量中的概念解析

品牌资产(品牌权益)是近年来营销领域中研究的热点问题,然而对于其基本概念的曲解却阻碍了对这个重要问题的进一步研究。本文针对品牌资产涉及的几个概念(品牌资产、品牌权益、品牌价值)及其相互关系加以解释,并将主要的品牌资产的测量方法进行分类,目的是澄清人们对于品牌资产基本概念的模糊认识,为进一步深入研究指明方向。     

感知实绩、顾客满意与顾客忠诚--微观层次上的审视

最近几十年来,对顾客满意-企业利润之间关系的认识不断深化,使得对顾客满意的研究得到了很大的发展.其中,顾客忠诚被认为是顾客满意影响企业利润的中介.然而,对于顾客满意影响顾客忠诚的微观过程,目前缺乏一致的结论.我们采用声誉、重复消费意向和推荐他人消费意向作为中间变量,对顾客感知实绩、满意和忠诚之间的因果联系进行了实证研究.结果表明,顾客满意同顾客忠诚之间并无直接的因果联系,因此,企业在制定市场份额策略时,不应该仅局限于提高感知实绩和顾客满意的范畴,而应从多个角度出发来提高顾客忠诚.     

Justice involvement among homeless individuals with mental illnesses: Are self-report and administrative measures comparable?

Individuals with mental illnesses who experience homelessness have frequent interactions with the criminal justice system. Correctly measuring this involvement is essential to develop and evaluate the efficacy of intervention programs. Criminal justice involvement is typically assessed through administrative records or self-reported accounts. The aims of this study are to: 1) assess agreement between self-report and administrative data related to court appearances, and 2) identify individual characteristics that affect discrepancies between sources. Participants were 468 homeless persons with mental illness from the Montreal site of the At Home/Chez Soi randomized controlled trial, in Canada. Self-reported data was collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Administrative data was collected through provincial and municipal court databases. Overall, agreement was good. Discrepancies were more common among those with a diagnosis of mood disorder with psychotic features, and those with a criminal history. Increased age and interviewer’s perception of sincerity and interest increased likelihood of concordance. Generally, high agreement between self-report and administrative data suggests that either source can provide reliable information. Further work to understand predictors of discrepancies could further enhance the quality of data collected through these different sources.     

Psychometric properties of the Transitions from Foster Care Key Leader Survey

This study summarizes the development and piloting of the Transitions from Foster Care Key Leader Survey (TFC-KLS), an instrument designed to measure change in systems serving young people transitioning from foster care to adulthood. The Jim Casey Youth Opportunity Initiative’s logic model was used as a basis for instrument development. The instrument was piloted with 119 key leaders in six communities. Seven of eight latent scales performed well in psychometric testing. The relationships among the 24 measures of system change were explored. A CFA testing overall model fit was satisfactory following slight modifications. Finally, a test of inter-rater reliability between two raters did not find reliable reporting of service availability in a supplemental portion of the survey. The findings were generally positive and supported the validity and utility of the instrument for measuring system change, following some adaptations. Implications for the field are discussed.