A Quantitative Assessment of the Risks from Illegally Imported Meat Contaminated with Foot and Mouth Disease Virus to Great Britain

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is considered by many as the most important animal disease in the world. FMD is highly contagious and outbreaks incur significant costs as affected countries are severely limited in their ability to trade. A number of trade commodities may be contaminated with FMD virus (FMDV) including animal products, for example, meat. As a member of the European Union, Great Britain (GB) has put in place a number of regulations to prevent the importation of pathogens in imported meat products. However, the illegal importation of meat provides a route by which safety controls may be circumvented and meat from FMD affected areas may be imported. This study assesses the FMD infection risk posed to the livestock population of GB from the illegal importation of meat, and estimates the major contributors to this overall risk, through the development of a quantitative risk assessment model. From model results, the total amount of illegal meat entering GB each year is estimated on average to be 11,875 tonnes. with 90% certainty that this is between 4,398 and 28,626 tonnes per year; of which between 64.5 and 565 kg are contaminated with FMDV. This flow of illegal meat results in an estimate of a frequency of FMD infection in GB livestock of 0.015 cases of infected animals per year, with 90% certainty it is between 0.0017 and 0.053. Imports from the region Near and Middle East account for 47% of this risk, and 68% of the risk is attributed to bone-in and dried de-boned products.     

“缠足女性”调查研究对中国女性主义社会工作的启示——基于山东省沂源县缠足女性质性调查研究

本文是结合笔者所做的山东省沂源县缠足女性质性调查研究和以往相关文献及研究经验,论证了中国传统女性的三大特点:1.更加注重自我与主流价值期待的一致性;2.缺乏女性自觉意识,容易过分抑制自身合理的需求与欲望,甚至牺牲自身利益;3.容易忽视自我价值,缺乏挑战现有社会建制的认识和勇气。并阐释其对当前中国大陆女性主义社会工作的启示和意义。最后研究方法上,结合本次调查研究成果及经验,笔者阐释了"质性研究"方法对中国女性主义社会工作的重要的借鉴意义。     

基督教与近代中国的反缠足运动--以福建为中心

在近代中国的反缠足运动中,基督教传教士的倡导之功不可否认.在与中国人长期的接触中,来福建的传教士对缠足行为进行了深入的思考,并身体力行地开展反缠足运动.厦门天足会的成立,开中国近代天足运动风气之先,取得了相当的成效.但传教士在天足宣传上的泛宗教化倾向,使许多基督徒在抛弃裹脚布的同时,也注定了其天足运动最终要走向失败.     

从杨德豫译诗看其诗学观

杨德豫先生不仅译作丰富,对译诗也有独特的见解,是现代英诗汉译的名家。文章借鉴闻一多的“建筑美”、“音乐美”、“绘画美”对杨德豫的诗学观及译诗进行解读,从而得出：杨德豫坚持用汉语格律诗翻译英语格律诗,主张“以顿代步”,韵式悉依原著,在译诗方面形成了自己独特诗学观,并且在诸多实践中实践着自己的诗学观。     

“美国化”的尴尬——评索尔·贝娄的《口没遮拦的人》

《口没遮拦的人》为1976诺贝尔文学奖得主索尔·贝娄创作的短篇小说,作品集中反映了小说家对犹太族群和美国主流社会关系的思考。贝娄在小说中借"口没遮拦"的叙事人肖穆特之口,对比并深入分析了三位犹太裔美国人努力实现"美国化"的方式和结果,展示了"美国化"的尴尬,进而揭示出美国主流与边缘社会之间存在的鸿沟。小说中主人公对自我进行了反思,贝娄更是对"美国平等"提出了质疑,这种反思和质疑对于个人、族群乃至整个美国社会来说都具有深刻的警醒意义。     

晚清报刊媒介对不缠足运动的推动——以戊戌维新时期的《湘报》为例

戊戌维新时期,以维新派为代表的国人掀起了自办报刊的热潮。维新派发起的不缠足运动,借助报刊的力量,取得了很大的进展。湖南维新派创办的《湘报》,通过刊载抨击缠足之害的文章,发布湖南不缠足会的各种告示,报道各地不缠足会的相关情况,刊登＂印送不缠足歌＂及＂定做不缠足云头方式鞋＂广告,从言论、报道、组织及广告等多方面对湖南不缠足运动的发展起了积极的推动作用。《湘报》凭借其较大的发行量,扩大了不缠足思想和不缠足运动的影响范围,对湖南不缠足运动的发展功不可没。以戊戌时期的《湘报》为例,我们对晚清时期报刊媒介对不缠足运动的推动亦可管窥一二。     

Changes in foot posture during pregnancy and their relation with musculoskeletal pain: A longitudinal cohort study

Aim

To examine foot posture changes during the three trimesters of pregnancy and to determine whether there is a relationship between these changes and the pain experienced in this period.

从杨德豫译诗看其诗学观

杨德豫先生不仅译作丰富,对译诗也有独特的见解,是现代英诗汉译的名家。文章借鉴闻一多的"建筑美"、"音乐美"、"绘画美"对杨德豫的诗学观及译诗进行解读,从而得出:杨德豫坚持用汉语格律诗翻译英语格律诗,主张"以顿代步",韵式悉依原著,在译诗方面形成了自己独特诗学观,并且在诸多实践中实践着自己的诗学观。     

一双《草鞋脚》 两番别样情

美国人伊罗生编辑的短篇小说集《草鞋脚》,由于各种原因,出版时已与鲁迅和茅盾的编选初衷相去甚远,以致事隔若干年后出现了试图体现原选编者意图的中文版《草鞋脚》。这绝不仅仅只是一个偶然发生的有趣现象,更是特定历史时期时代变迁的珍贵见证,值得我们认真研究。