Two-step estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes

Summary.  The paper is concerned with parameter estimation for inhomogeneous spatial point processes with a regression model for the intensity function and tractable second-order properties ( K -function). Regression parameters are estimated by using a Poisson likelihood score estimating function and in the second step minimum contrast estimation is applied for the residual clustering parameters. Asymptotic normality of parameter estimates is established under certain mixing conditions and we exemplify how the results may be applied in ecological studies of rainforests.     

农民日常反抗的道义标准与策略——斯科特的农民研究

詹姆斯·斯科特的农民日常反抗理论包含两个层面的论证,第一个层面是小农反抗的道义基础、标准和逻辑,即在生存线上挣扎的小农具有特殊的公正感和道德感,它包含两个基本原则：“安全第一”和“互惠”,忽视或破坏这两个原则,会激起小农的愤怒和反抗。第二个层面是,小农的力量和文化习惯等因素决定了小农的反抗是“日常反抗”,而非大规模的革命。这些看似微不足道的隐微反抗,包括行为层面的和象征性符号层面的,有其自身逻辑和意义,并影响着日常政治的运行。斯科特的研究堪称农民研究史上的一个拐点,对当今农民理论研究具有重要的借鉴意义。     

论《了不起的盖茨比》的"奇特化"艺术

菲茨杰拉德在其代表作《了不起的盖茨比》中对“奇特化”艺术手法的运用极为出色,主要表现为题材的奇特化、奇特化的场景和奇特化的叙述视角等几种形态,从而把一个平淡无奇的三角恋爱故事题材雕刻成了一部充满了被扭曲的浪漫情调的悲剧性作品。     

Robust modified profile estimating function with application to the generalized estimating equation

We consider methods for reducing the effect of fitting nuisance parameters on a general estimating function, when the estimating function depends on not only a vector of parameters of interest, θ$\theta$, but also on a vector of nuisance parameters, λ$\lambda$. We propose a class of modified profile estimating functions with plug-in bias reduced by two orders. A robust version of the adjustment term does not require any information about the probability mechanism beyond that required by the original estimating function. An important application of this method is bias correction for the generalized estimating equation in analyzing stratified longitudinal data, where the stratum-specific intercepts are considered as fixed nuisance parameters, the dependence of the expected outcome on the covariates is of interest, and the intracluster correlation structure is unknown. Furthermore, when the quasi-scores for θ$\theta$ and λ$\lambda$ are available, we propose an additional multiplicative adjustment term such that the modified profile estimating function is approximately information unbiased. This multiplicative adjustment term can serve as an optimal weight in the analysis of stratified studies. A brief simulation study shows that the proposed method considerably reduces the impact of the nuisance parameters.     

Client progress toward referral for discharge to the community: an illustration of an evaluation technique.

Data on referral and discharge from a short-term habilitative facility are used to illustrate the "survival analysis" of the rate at which institutionalized mentally retarded persons are released to the community and regression analysis of factors which help predict time to release. These techniques can be used to assess the degree to which habilitative facilities and community agencies achieve their stated goals, to help community agencies plan placement requirements, to compare the progress of various subgroups of clients, and to assess the overall benefit of deinstitutionalization efforts for the entire population at which it is aimed.     

THE WORK OF (CREATING) ART

While engaging the process of artistic creation at the Creative Growth Art Center (CGAC) in San Francisco, California, Judith Scott produced numerous enigmatic three-dimensional fiber and mixed media sculpture pieces that subsequently received international attention. Approaching Scott's life and art from the perspective of Disability Studies – understood as an expressly political project – takes us beyond the limitations of the label of Art Brut/Outsider Art and of questions of artistic communication to properly situate her activities at the CGAC as work in both a social and economic sense. Judith's story – and her representation in a recent Spanish documentary film by directors Lola Barrera and Iñaki Peñafiel – suggests that in aspiring to achieve greater social and economic inclusion for such marginalized populations we must challenge the pervasive clinical paradigm that frames disability as lack and go further by cultivating sustainable, meaningful work experiences, such as that offered by the CGAC to people with developmental disabilities. Ultimately, creating art has the potential to be such a form of meaningful work.     

Residual Analysis for Inhomogeneous Neyman–Scott Processes

Abstract. In this article, we introduce a residual analysis for inhomogeneous Neyman–Scott models based on Laplace functionals. Our simulation study shows that this residual analysis method has a good performance in assessing goodness‐of‐fit and revealing inadequacy of the fitted model. The method is employed in fitting a Thomas model to California redwood trees data and a Matérn model to the locations of hickory trees in Lansing woods, Michigan.     

堕落的世界——评菲茨杰拉德的《夜色温柔》

《夜色温柔》是菲茨杰拉德最出色的作品。它围绕三个人物展开,他们又分别代表三个社会阶层:罗丝.玛丽代表好莱坞;迪克.戴弗代表理想主义者;尼克儿代表富人阶层。菲茨杰拉德辛酸地描写了他们对金钱的追求导致他们以肉体堕落为起点,最终沉沦在资本主义的夜色中。作者通过三个主人公的个人堕落来揭示更大的社会危机:这个堕落世界的根源正是金钱对人的毁灭作用。     

司法的冒险:美国宪法审查中的司法能动

司法能动,作为一种司法者的宪法审查哲学,是在美国宪法审查实践过程中逐步形成的,它和与之对立的司法自制哲学交替主导着美国不同历史时期的宪法审查实践过程.通过颇有政治企图的斯科特案和否决立法规制的洛克纳案可直观感性地认知司法能动概貌.本文在评介此两案基础上将能动司法之特征概括为三个方面即踩踏政治棘丛、创造新的权利和影响公共政策形成,其总体特性就是司法的冒险.