Structural empowerment,psychological empowerment,and work engagement: A cross-country study

In this cross-country study we drew on job demands-resources theory to investigate whether psychological empowerment mediates the positive association between structural empowerment and work engagement and, consequently, task performance and intention to quit. A total of 1033 employees working in the service sector in Spain (N = 515) and the United Kingdom (N = 518) participated in the study. Multi-group structural equation modeling analyses revealed that psychological empowerment partially mediated the positive relationship between structural empowerment and work engagement, and that work engagement associated positively with task performance and negatively with intention to quit. Invariance analyses suggested that the positive link between psychological empowerment and work engagement was stronger for employees working in the UK than in Spain, providing support for partial structural invariance of the hypothesized model. These findings suggest that psychological empowerment is an underlying mechanism that may explain why structural empowerment relates positively to work engagement with implications for theory (i.e., extend the nomological network of the investigated constructs) and management practice (e.g., emphasize the role of structural empowerment for work design).     

互联网深化、信息不确定性与企业出口平稳性

互联网作为信息搜寻和传播的重要渠道,有利于缓解国际市场不确定性对企业出口决策的影响,从而有助于稳定企业出口预期,保障出口企业的持续生存。本文首先基于Fernandes 和 Tang(2014)的研究框架将互联网深化程度和出口集聚同时纳入到异质性贸易企业模型,在剥离出口集聚对企业出口行为影响的基础上,从理论视角揭示了互联网深化程度提高影响企业出口行为特别是出口持续生存的内在机理与方向。研究发现,不同于出口集聚会同时影响企业的需求冲击和成本冲击,互联网深化带来的信息溢出效应会通过贝叶斯法则(Bayesian Rule)使得企业修正其对国际市场不确定性的预期,提高其对目的国市场成本冲击的估计精度,从而在互联网深化程度较高的城市,企业进入出口市场的临界生产率较低,有利于其出口参与度和出口稳定性的提高。然而互联网深化程度提高不影响企业在目的国市场产品出口的集约边际。本文使用2000-2013 年中国工业企业数据库、中国海关数据库和中国城市统计年鉴数据库的匹配数据从企业-目的国-产品层面实证检验了本文的理论命题。研究表明,我国政府应充分发挥互联网发展降低信息不确定性的微观机制,以推动外贸的平稳增长。     

Changes in work and care trajectories during the transition to motherhood

In most mid- and high-income countries, there have been significant demographic, structural, and cultural changes in the past decades. However, we know little about how these changes have shaped women's work patterns during a key life stage: the transition to motherhood. Using longitudinal data from Chile, covering over 30 years of employment histories and three periods of first births (1980–2010), I conduct sequence analysis to identify women's work-care trajectories during an eight-year period of the transition to motherhood. Over time, I find that continuous care work at home has declined, for which education plays a key role, while the chances of working continuously have not changed over time. Instead, I find an increasing trend of unsteady paths that combine paid work with either caretaking or unemployment. I discuss how these changes, as well as their association with education, have important implications for both gender and social inequality.     

Women's employment decisions in Malaysia: Does religion matter?

Religion may influence female employment decisions because different religions specify different life styles. This study investigates whether religion is a significant determinant of married and single women's paid-work and full-time employment in Malaysia. Using the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey and a sequential logit approach, this paper finds that religion is less influential in urban areas than in rural areas.     

Coping with work stress: Psychological benefits of exercise

Although the health-enhancing effects of physical exercise have been well documented, less is known about how exercise benefits stressed employees psychologically. This article examines exercise as a coping response, and identifies changes in self-schemata (a person's underlying belief systems about him or herself) as the means by which exercise affects coping resources. In addition, by drawing on schema theory and the exercise literature, the active components of an exercise programme and the individuals who might enhance their ability to cope with stress through such a programme are identified.     

增权：受虐待老人社会工作新理念

针对不断增加的虐待老年人这一社会问题,将增权理论及理念运用于老年人社会工作中,结合对老年人受虐待现状和困境的考察与分析,探讨了帮助受虐待老年人维护自身合法权益的有效工作方法。     

对现阶段图书馆工作的再认识

实现现代化、全球信息一体化是图书馆工作的目标,但我们既要着眼于未来,更要立足于现实,搞好现阶段的管理和服务。因此,图书馆工作要围绕一个中心,强化多维管理,这是图书馆迈向现代化的基础。     

切实加强党的作风建设营造以党风促教风以教风带学风的良好氛围

本文结合当前实际,充分论述了加强党风建设对高校校风建设的重要性和紧迫性,建议采取切实有效的措施,切实加强校党风建设,营造以党风促教风,以教风带学风的良好氛围。     

雷诺润滑系统中的瞬态响应和稳定性分析

章建立了雷诺润滑系统中的流体瞬态压力方程和镜板的运动方程，分析了该系统的瞬态响应和相对阻尼系数以及特征值，结果表明，雷诺润滑系统不会处于负阻尼运动状态，且系统是稳定的。     

網絡組織成員合作的穩定性模型分析

本文應用博弈論建立了一個網絡組織成員合作的穩定性模型,通過模型分析作者提出網絡組織的穩定性依賴於多種因素,其中,信任機制、懲罰機制是網絡組織穩定的基本因素。本文通過對中國網絡組織的一般性分析,指出特殊主義文化背景下的中國網絡組織的信任機制和懲罰機制更多的來源於非正式制度,而非正式制度作用的空間局限性,是導致中國區際網絡組織穩定性差的重要原因,本文最後提出了中國網絡組織穩定性提升的建議。