交际策略的教学与运用

语言交际教学法的目的是提高学习者的交际能力。然而 ,作为交际能力的一个重要组成部分———策略能力 ,却被教师们忽略。交际策略的可教性依然是个有争议的问题。本文首先陈述交际策略的重要性 ,以便唤起教师的注意力 ;其次 ,分析影响学习者交际策略使用的因素 ;第三部分提出了交际策略的教学方法     

Information and communications technologies, strategic asymmetry and national security

In the history of warfare, there are a number of examples of strategic uses of asymmetric technologies. Consistent with history and theory, individuals, organizations and nations have spotted opportunities to employ information and communications technologies to gain and exploit asymmetric advantages and to counter asymmetric weaknesses. This article discusses various asymmetries associated with institutions, nations and organizations that influence the ICT-national security nexus. Regulative, normative and cognitive institutions in a country provide various mechanisms that affect the nature of positive and negative asymmetries. Nations and organizations also differ in terms of their capability to assimilate ICT tools to gain positive asymmetries and deal with vulnerabilities of negative asymmetries. Integrative approaches that combine policy and technological measures at various levels are likely to make the world more secure.     

企业家战略--培育创新能力的企业内部战略

近几年来,在超强竞争背景下国外兴起的企业家战略,是公司努力将组织各个层次的员工培育为普遍具有企业家精神、思维和行动的战略,是努力将整个公司转变为能够发挥员工企业家精神的战略.企业家公司以异质的企业家人力资本和企业家智力资产持续创新,破坏均衡,产生竞争优势和显著的业绩.企业家战略理论研究的是公司如何获得具有创新、变革、远见卓识和承担风险的能力,是对正在兴起的内部战略理论的丰富和发展.企业家战略与核心能力理论互相补充,并且改变了某些传统的战略管理观念.     

战略联盟模式选择的分析框架：资源、风险与结构模式间关系的概念模型

本文从公司在战略联盟中投入的不同种类资源的风险评价角度,综合考虑资源、风险及战略联盟的结构模式选择间的关系,形成了战略联盟结构模式选择的新的分析框架,提出了揭示三者间关系的概念模型及理论假说。本文认为,公司对战略联盟结构模式选择的偏好会受到管理者对未来公司在战略联盟中的各类风险的主观评价的影响,而公司对战略联盟投入的各类资源及其重要性是影响管理者对风险主观评价的重要因素。因此,应综合考虑战略联盟中所投入的不同种类资源及其所引发的风险大小以选择战略联盟的结构模式。     

商业生态系统价值结构、企业角色与战略选择

与强调企业在商业生态系统中如何攫取领导地位的战略观不同,本文把研究重心放在了企业战略如何塑造成功商业生态系统上。首先,本文构建了成功商业生态系统的价值结构模型,为企业的战略选择提供了微观与宏观上的方向与路径。其次,本文讨论了与成功商业生态系统相匹配的企业角色,并结合价值结构模型定义了与企业角色相匹配的战略任务。最后,在此基础上,重点阐述了骨干型企业在如何塑造成功商业生态系统过程中具体的宏观战略选择路径与机制问题。     

基于不同动机的联盟控制方式选择及其对联盟绩效的影响——中国企业联盟的实证分析

企业为了不同的目标建立战略联盟,而有效的联盟控制是实现目标的重要保证.本文从战略联盟的动机出发,提出实现不同联盟目标所应采取的控制方式,并研究了不同的联盟控制方式对联盟绩效的影响.通过企业间联盟的数据对本文相关假说进行了实证检验.     

家长式领导、冲突与高管团队战略决策效果的关系研究

本文以四川省78家企业371名高管团队成员为实证研究对象,探讨了CEO的家长式领导行为对高管团队战略决策效果的影响,以及团队冲突在其中的中介作用.同时,构建了包括家长式领导、认知冲突、情绪冲突和决策效果四个变量的概念模型,并提出相应的理论假设.通过结构方程模型的检验,表明CEO的德行领导和威权领导分别从正反两个方向对决策效果产生显著的影响,仁慈领导对决策效果没有显著的直接影响.德行领导主要通过认知冲突作用于决策效果,仁慈、威权领导则通过情绪冲突作用于决策效果.     

A Business Model Innovation Typology

An effective business model is the core enabler of any company's performance. Business model innovation is not only becoming more and more important due to increasing and globalizing competition, but also an enormous challenge, both theoretically and practically. Although many managers are eager to consider more disruptive changes to their business model, they often do not know how to articulate their existing or desired business model and, even less so, understand the possibilities for innovating it. One of the steps toward developing more theoretical insight and practical guidelines is the identification of types and the development of a typology of business model innovations. Ten retrospective case studies of business model innovations undertaken by two industrial companies provide the empirical basis for this article. We analyzed the characteristics of these innovations as well as their success rates. The findings suggest that there are indeed various business model innovation types, each with its own characteristics and challenges.     

“四个全面” 战略布局中以人民为中心的思想意蕴

从整体架构上看,以人民为中心是贯穿"四个全面"战略布局的一条主线,继而成为其出发点和落脚点。从内部结构看,每一个"全面"都彰显着以人民为中心的基本逻辑,每一个"全面"都指向着人民群众的利益实现与维护。全面建成小康社会蕴含着以人民为中心的目标旨归、坚持以人民为中心倒逼着全面深化改革、全面依法治国构成以人民为中心的重要保障、全面从严治党夯实着以人民为中心的政治根基。     

Strategic Shared Leadership and Organizational Dynamic Capabilities

We propose that the purposeful sharing of strategic decisions and the process of making and taking those between the dominant coalition of an organization (Strategic Shared Leadership or SSL thereafter), initiated and supported by a focal strategic leader or small team, engenders Organizational Dynamic Capabilities (ODCs) though the transfer of individually-residing DCs within the SSL team, the transformation -co-creation of novel ones and their embeddedness-institutionalization within the organization. It also enhances organizational cognition which mediates the relationship by enriching co-created ODCs and their capacity to deliver reliably change through sensing, seizing and reconfiguring. Accordingly, SSL serves as a co-creator and key predictor of the emergence of ODCs. This helps address the challenges of DCs to marry stability with change, be predictable and to be capable of predicting.