冰箱化霜温控开关温度特性全自动测试台

本文介绍了自行研制的冰箱化霜温控开关温度特性全自动测试合，它每次检测数可达１００只，工作槽温度场均匀性在±０．１℃以内，控温精度达±０２℃．文中对其设计原理、系统流程及控制系统等作了详细描述．     

基于51单片机的小型温度测量系统

本文介绍了单线数字温度传感器DS18820的结构、特点、工作原理，设计了一种基于DS18820和AT89S52单片机的温度测量系统的硬件结构及汇蝙程序设计。     

激光探测系统阈值电路的分析及应用

介绍了三种典型的阈值电路，论述了其结构及特点，并指出各自的适用范围     

线性电压信号光隔离变送器的设计及其温度补偿

报告了4N系列光电耦合器件的线性性和温度特性的测试结果。使用这种常见的光电耦合器件,设计完成了一种具有温度补偿功能的线性光隔离电压变送器。     

弹性杆热膨胀固有横振频率分析

本文采用KBM法获得了弹性杆热膨胀固有频率的渐近解，并分析了温度变化对频率的影响。     

Planck—Einstein温度变换式的“N=N_o”证法

本文根据N=N_o的基本假设,用统计物理和热力学相结合的方法对温度变换进行再讨论,导出了P—E温度变换式,并得出前人所假设的熵为Lorentz不变量的结论。     

On learning strategies for evolutionary Monte Carlo

The real-parameter evolutionary Monte Carlo algorithm (EMC) has been proposed as an effective tool both for sampling from high-dimensional distributions and for stochastic optimization (Liang and Wong, 2001). EMC uses a temperature ladder similar to that in parallel tempering (PT; Geyer, 1991). In contrast with PT, EMC allows for crossover moves between parallel and tempered MCMC chains. In the context of EMC, we introduce four new moves, which enhance its efficiency as measured by the effective sample size. Secondly, we introduce a practical strategy for determining the temperature range and placing the temperatures in the ladder used in EMC and PT. Lastly, we prove the validity of the conditional sampling step of the snooker algorithm, a crossover move in EMC, which extends a result of Roberts and Gilks (1994).     

Generalized additive modelling of sample extremes

Summary.  We describe smooth non-stationary generalized additive modelling for sample extremes, in which spline smoothers are incorporated into models for exceedances over high thresholds. Fitting is by maximum penalized likelihood estimation, with uncertainty assessed by using differences of deviances and bootstrap simulation. The approach is illustrated by using data on extreme winter temperatures in the Swiss Alps, analysis of which shows strong influence of the north Atlantic oscillation. Benefits of the new approach are flexible and appropriate modelling of extremes, more realistic assessment of estimation uncertainty and the accommodation of complex dependence patterns.     

Joint projections of temperature and precipitation change from multiple climate models: a hierarchical Bayesian approach

Summary.  Posterior distributions for the joint projections of future temperature and precipitation trends and changes are derived by applying a Bayesian hierachical model to a rich data set of simulated climate from general circulation models. The simulations that are analysed here constitute the future projections on which the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change based its recent summary report on the future of our planet's climate, albeit without any sophisticated statistical handling of the data. Here we quantify the uncertainty that is represented by the variable results of the various models and their limited ability to represent the observed climate both at global and at regional scales. We do so in a Bayesian framework, by estimating posterior distributions of the climate change signals in terms of trends or differences between future and current periods, and we fully characterize the uncertain nature of a suite of other parameters, like biases, correlation terms and model-specific precisions. Besides presenting our results in terms of posterior distributions of the climate signals, we offer as an alternative representation of the uncertainties in climate change projections the use of the posterior predictive distribution of a new model's projections. The results from our analysis can find straightforward applications in impact studies, which necessitate not only best guesses but also a full representation of the uncertainty in climate change projections. For water resource and crop models, for example, it is vital to use joint projections of temperature and precipitation to represent the characteristics of future climate best, and our statistical analysis delivers just that.     

综合保温措施对全麻老年骨科手术患者体温的影响

目的：观察综合保温措施对全麻老年骨科手术患者体温的影响。方法80名全麻下行骨科手术的老年患者被随机分成对照组（Ⅰ组,n＝40）和综合保温组（Ⅱ组,n＝40）。Ⅰ组不进行额外的保温措施,Ⅱ组使用综合保温措施。监测麻醉前,切皮时,切皮后30分钟、60分钟、90分钟患者的鼻咽温和记录术后患者寒颤发生情况。结果两组患者切皮后30分钟、60分钟、90分钟的鼻咽温和术后寒颤发生率差异有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论使用综合保温措施有利于减少患者体温降低、术后寒颤发生率和促进术后康复。