Efficient designs based on orthogonal arrays of type I and type II for experiments using units ordered over time or space

For a wide variety of applications, experiments are based on units ordered over time or space. Models for these experiments generally may include one or more of: correlations, systematic trends, carryover effects and interference effects. Since the standard optimal block designs may not be efficient in these situations, orthogonal arrays of type I and type II, which were introduced in 1961 by C.R. Rao [Combinatorial arrangements analogous to orthogonal arrays, Sankhya A 23 (1961) 283–286], have been recently used to construct optimal and efficient designs for many of these experiments. Results in this area are unified and the salient features are outlined.     

Guest Editorial Production Planning and Control in other Industries

This paper provides an excursion into various scheduling problems arising in the manufacturing environment and possible approaches that can be taken to solve them. It reviews the research in production scheduling from the perspective of designing and operating a production system and examines the research strategies adopted to find the solution of the practical problems. This review is in the form of the paradigms that evolved during the twentieth century and shows the transition in theory and practice of each paradigm. It covers the fundamental frameworks of scheduling theory, outlining various approaches that can be taken to solve (optimally or approximately) such problems, and the difficulties arising in their practical use. Subsequently, an iterative scheduling process is suggested as an extension of existing paradigms to solve practical production scheduling problems and to bridge the gap between theory and practice in production scheduling and control.     

当代社会思潮对青年的影响——基于对近十年相关研究的述评

研究社会思潮对青年的影响对于新形势下使青年树立和践行社会主义核心价值观具有重要意义。分析近10年的相关文献后发现,当代中国社会对青年有较大影响的思潮主要有新儒家思潮或文化保守主义思潮、实用主义思潮、自由主义思潮、历史主义思潮、新左派思潮、民族主义思潮、民主社会主义思潮和民粹主义思潮。此外还存在诸如后现代主义思潮、女权主义思潮、反全球化思潮、消费主义思潮等对青年影响力稍小但绝不容忽视的思潮。当代社会思潮深刻地影响了青年的信仰和价值观,导致青年政治意识表达方式变迁,影响青年文化体系的形成和变迁,而在这些过程中青年接受社会思潮影响的方式也在发生着变化。社会思潮影响下的青年思想引领主要有思想绝缘法、对象研究法、武器强化法和能力培养法。现有关于社会思潮对青年影响的研究存在着过分侧重定性研究和消极影响、到底如何影响是"黑箱"、研究成果呈现结构失衡等缺陷,需要针对这些缺陷寻找相应的研究进路。     

20世纪英国离婚法变迁及其发展趋势探析

20世纪后半期以来人类社会的婚姻制度和家庭模式遭遇了前所未有的危机,全球掀起离婚浪潮,在欧洲以英国最为典型。20世纪英国离婚法实现了从有限离婚主义到离婚自由主义的转变。然而日益增长的离婚率,离婚后时代单亲家庭队伍的不断壮大,已经成为严重困扰英国社会健康发展的社会问题。面对离婚自由主义带来的汹涌的离婚风潮,英国立法机关也在不断调整和完善离婚法为重建婚姻和家庭做出新的努力。站在婚姻家庭法的视角,对一个世纪以来的英国离婚法变革进行梳理,从中深层剖析离婚法改革对婚姻制度带来的冲击及其发展趋势,以期为我国婚姻和离婚现状的研究提供有益借鉴。     

工业化以来传统灾害的演化趋势

工业化以来 ,传统灾害的持续和演化明显表现出七大趋势 :灾害发生越来越频繁 ,周期越来越短 ;规模越来越大 ,危害越来越严重 ;危害区域越来越广 ;直接造成的大规模人口死亡有所下降 ,物质损失则增长巨大 ;灾害损失的放大效应更加显著 ;灾害群发现象日趋严重 ;城市成为灾害的主要承受者     

研究社会环境中的语言--从徐大明等人的《当代社会语言学》说起

研究社会环境中的语言,从而将社会纳入到语言研究的范畴,是社会语言学的主要特征。从语言学发展进程来看,社会语言学的这一研究模式是对现代语言学的一次冲击、一个新的提高。徐大明等人的《当代社会语言学》对源于西方的社会语言学进行了较为系统的介绍,同时也结合我国最新的社会语言学研究成果对现有的社会语言学理论进行了启发性的阐述,这对于我们全面、深入地了解这一学科及其在中国的应用无疑是有益而必需的。     

试论增强思想政治工作的实效性

文章从思想政治工作者的角度,分析了思想政治工作实效不强的原因,论述了增强思想政治工作实效性的三个重要方面:发挥自身的人格力量,把握工作对象的思想脉搏,采用正确的工作方法。     

The “difference between heaven and earth”: Urban–rural disparities in well-being in China

Although China is a rapidly developing nation, rural–urban disparities in well-being remain large, and perhaps have become larger than in the early years of the Communist period because the urban sector has benefited from China's transition to a market economy much more than has the rural sector; or perhaps have become smaller as earning opportunities in the export-oriented manufacturing sector have increased for those from rural origins. Economic disparities are exacerbated by institutional arrangements that have created a two-class society based on registration (hukou) status with sharp rural–urban distinctions in the public provision of schooling, health care, housing, and retirement benefits. Indeed, it is fair to say that China built an urban welfare state on the backs of the peasants.     

An investigation of the attention effects of venture capitalist backing on entrepreneurial firms

In this paper, we predict that venture capital (VC) backed initial public offerings (IPOs) will attract more attention than non-VC-backed IPOs, as VCs offer important signals to investors searching for information about entrepreneurial firms. We use a measure developed by Google (i.e., Trends) to capture the spikes in investors' attention experienced by firms in the time period surrounding their IPOs. Our results demonstrate that firms backed by VCs enjoy a far greater spike in attention than their counterparts. Furthermore, we find that firms with more prominent VCs, a larger number of VCs, and VCs situated at farther geographic distances exhibit significantly greater spikes in investors’ attention during the week of their IPO. Combined, the findings show a clear demarcation between entrepreneurial firms with or without VC backing, they bring to the fore new upshots stemming from the relationship between VCs and entrepreneurial firms, and they raise new potential questions on this relationship and beyond.     

论《时尚》杂志视觉形象的模式化

《时尚》杂志的兴起在中国是近20年的事情,它典型地反映了传媒与时尚之间的互动关系。《时尚》杂志的视觉形象通过有计划地运用整合和视觉要素提升的手法,建立起在社会公众心中的印象。在传播过程中,由于消费主义的出现和摄影技术发展等原因,《时尚》杂志视觉形象出现了"模式化"的倾向,并形成了《时尚》杂志以视觉形象"模式化"为核心的一系列视觉表达方式,对受众的行为产生了极为重要的影响。