英语写作教学中语法反馈的探讨

语法问题一直是外语和第二语言教学广泛关注且颇有争议的话题。论述了英语写作教学中反馈及其作用,以及有关语法改错的讨论,并提出了有效反馈的具体方法及语法在写作教学中应有的位置。     

中国影视人类学发展的困惑与前瞻

作者回溯我国影视人类学3个阶段的发展历程，反思个中出现的困惑、问题，前瞻未来，就其在新世纪的发展提出自己的看法。     

"得"字句研究札记三则

我们认为 ,“得”字句的语义、结构中心在“得”后成分上 ,所以“把墙刷得白”不能说 ,是因为“把”字句表示一种处置 ,其后的谓语必然蕴含着实现这一时体意义 ,而作为有“把”的“得”字句中心的“白”是单个性质形容词 ,本身不包含实现这一时体特征 ;我们对范晓先生《复动“V得”句》一文中的用三个平面观点解释一种“得”字句提出一点疑问 ;对张豫峰以博士论文为基础发表的两篇论文中的观点和学风问题进行了批评。     

系统功能语篇分析实证研究——以主位结构为例

运用Halliday系统功能语法的观点和方法,主要探讨了语篇功能赖以实现的主位系统,分析主位结构和主位推进程序在实现语篇的衔接和连贯中的作用、所具有的文体功能以及主位的选择和使用表达说话者的不同目的的关系。     

‘There is always this feeling of otherness’: exploring the lived experiences of visually impaired immigrant women in Canada

This paper explores the experiences of immigrant women with visual impairment in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) of Canada. Conceptually, the paper draws from feminist disability theory and critical scholarship on blindness to consider the discursive and material processes shaping women’s experiences across different socio-cultural contexts. Empirically, the paper draws from in-depth interviews with seven women. The analysis is organized around three themes. The first explores women’s understandings of visual impairment. The second examines the ways in which women’s experiences of visual impairment are shaped by meanings and attitudes that circulate within their cultural communities, and the extent to which immigration might challenge or reinforce these meanings. The third examines the shifting barriers and opportunities women face with respect to social and economic participation. We close by identifying the conceptual implications of our research.     

翻译转喻的理据:从现象到人类认知

转喻机制具有普遍性,也存在于翻译过程中。在回顾前人研究的基础上,对翻译转喻现象进行了基本的分类,并从范畴化和认知语法角度分别对存在于词汇和句子层面的翻译转喻现象进行了分析。翻译转喻涉及音、形、意三个方面,研究发现：1）其主要实现途径包括整体代部分、部分代整体以及部分代部分;2）翻译转喻依托范畴化结构,尤其是当两种文化存在通用图式的情况下,翻译转喻就是对原语范畴之外其他级别范畴或同一级别其他范畴成员的凸显及在译语中的映射;3）增译、减译、转换等技巧是翻译转喻思维的具体方法论,其使用会导致译语概念结构出现不同程度的调整。研究成果对认知语言学、翻译学研究具有一定的启示意义。     

Lighting Effects on Older Adults’ Visual and Nonvisual Performance: A Systematic Review

Lighting plays an important role in daily life: It helps people perform daily activities independently and safely, and also benefits their health. This study assesses the research evidence of lighting’s impacts on older adults in four domains: (a) performance of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living; (b) circadian rhythm; (c) fall prevention and postural stability; and (d) sleep quality. A comprehensive review of lighting studies on older adults’ visual and nonvisual performance was conducted using a modified PRISMA systematic review process. For the first domain, some older adults had difficulty in using the toilet, preparing meals, and doing laundry under lower illuminance. For the second domain, brighter and bluish lighting improved older adults’ circadian rhythm. For the third domain, low-intensity LED lighting affixed on door frames can help older adults maintain postural stability and prevent falling during nighttime movement. Finally, some studies concluded that receiving outdoor daylight during exercise was beneficial to older adults’ sleep quality. This study provides several methodological, theoretical, and collaborative suggestions for developing a more conclusive evidence base for lighting standards and strategies for older adults.     

Visualising the ends of identity: pre-birth and post-death on Instagram

This paper examines two ‘ends’ of identity online – birth and death – through the analytical lens of specific hashtags on the Instagram platform. These ends are examined in tandem in an attempt to surface commonalities in the way that individuals use visual social media when sharing information about other people. A range of emerging norms in digital discourses about birth and death are uncovered, and it is significant that in both cases the individuals being talked about cannot reply for themselves. Issues of agency in representation therefore frame the analysis. After sorting through a number of entry points, images and videos with the #ultrasound and #funeral hashtags were tracked for three months in 2014. Ultrasound images and videos on Instagram revealed a range of communication and representation strategies, most highlighting social experiences and emotional peaks. There are, however, also significant privacy issues as a significant proportion of public accounts share personally identifiable metadata about the mother and unborn child, although these issue are not apparent in relation to funeral images. Unlike other social media platforms, grief on Instagram is found to be more about personal expressions of loss rather than affording spaces of collective commemoration. A range of related practices and themes, such as commerce and humour, were also documented as a part of the spectrum of activity on the Instagram platform. Norms specific to each collection emerged from this analysis, which are then compared to document research about other social media platforms, especially Facebook.     

角色参照语法的分析框架及其解释能力探析

角色参照语法是20世纪70年代以来发展起来的一种结构功能语法。论文尝试评述其主要的语法分析框架,并以英语和汉语为例探究其对不同语言的解释能力。角色参照语法成功地将语篇、语用因素融入到句法结构的分析之中,因此,它不仅能够较好地解释英语等形合语言的结构特征,也适用于具有意合特征的汉语等语言的结构分析。角色参照语法比传统的形式语法具有更大的灵活性和适用性。     

The challenge of creating ‘alternative’ images of ageing: Lessons from a project with older women

This article analyses two participatory projects designed to engage older women in the creation of new imagery of old age. While it was hoped that this imagery would offer an ‘alternative’ to mainstream depictions or indeed offer older women a presence amidst the much noted absence of images of older women, the brief left it open to the professional photographers recruited to the project and to the participants themselves to direct the representations. In recent years, critical gerontologists have repeatedly called for artistic challenges to conventional ways of imaging old age. By working with two groups of older women, the intention was that ‘ordinary’ older women (non-celebrity, non-artist) could be included in that challenge and imagery created which would show the lives of older women honestly. In the case of the two projects described here, professional photographers were enlisted to give visual form to the women's views on ageing and their lives as older women and deliver ‘exhibition quality’ images. Important factors in determining the types of images produced included the artistic style and preferences of the photographers and their respective ages, both of which are explored here. In-depth analysis of some of the images produced shows that while they did not succumb to the usual ‘heroes of ageing’/‘bodily decline’ binary (Featherstone & Hepworth, 2005), they did not escape other dualistic categorisations. The images can be broadly viewed as nostalgic/melancholic or humorously carnivalesque. This finding is evidence of how difficult it is to create ‘alternative’ images of older women which defy established modes of categorisation.