Development of the Mental Illness and Disorder Understanding Scale

Abstract: Although administrative bodies such as community health centers have implemented various awareness campaigns to promote community understanding of mental health and to reduce the stigma associated with mental illness and disorder, there have been few reports that have quantitatively analyzed the effects of these campaigns in Japan. Therefore, this study was conducted for the purpose of developing the evaluative “Mental Illness and Disorder Understanding Scale (MIDUS)” for awareness campaigns and assessing its reliability and validity. A survey was conducted on 1 004 community residents using a self‐administered questionnaire. An assessment of the reliability and validity of the scale was then conducted. The Cronbach a coefficient of the MIDUS was 0.78, thus indicating adequate reliability. Factor analysis of the MIDUS revealed three factors: “Treatability of illness”, “Efficacy of medication” and “Social recognition of illness”. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between the MIDUS and existing scales, and fixed criterion‐based validity was demonstrated. The MIDUS utilizes items worded in the form of affirmative expressions so as to avoid promoting new bias. It was confirmed to be both reliable and valid, thereby suggesting its usefulness as an evaluative scale of awareness campaigns.     

论语文素质教育背景下的新诗教学

本文以语文素质教育为背景 ,联系中国诗教传统、新诗创作的发展和当代教育的历史转型 ,论述新诗的审美教育价值 ,包括培植理想精神、开启个体心智、蕴蓄生命激情和提升艺术地驾驭母语能力等方面 ,均有其他文体所无法取代的独特的美育价值。在此基础上 ,倡导注重美读、点拨和陶冶这些新诗教学的基本方法。     

关于有效促进社会公正的几个问题

本文认为:(1)为了顺利地推进改革,为了中国社会经济持续、有效和健康的发展,就必须适应新的历史条件,顺应民意、顺应现代社会的基本趋势,把社会公正放到一个突出的位置。(2)在中国现阶段应当开始建立一个初级的社会公平保障体系。初级社会公平保障体系的基本特征是低水准、广覆盖、有实效。对于国家来说,近期需要做的事情可以分为两大块,一是国家的直接投入,二是国家的立法、监督、执行和引导。(3)有一些根深蒂固的观念在妨碍着我们重视社会公正问题。这些观念主要包括:“原始积累不可避免”,“国家财力不足”,“重视公正便会妨碍效率”,因此我们必须对这些观念进行一番必要的反思。(4)要想构建一个公正而和谐的社会,就必须培育一个庞大的中等收入者人群,形成一个“两头小,中间大”的橄榄型的社会结构,那么社会就会变得越来越稳定了。     

行动及其理解:舒茨与米德的社会学思想比较

理解是社会科学特有的一种方法;它强调自然实在与社会实在之间的本质区别。这种方法向传统的科学观所崇尚的感觉至高地位、认知必须从感觉出发、用自然科学的理想模式建构社会科学等观点提出了严重挑战。社会心理学大师米德与现象学社会学创始人舒茨都曾对理解的方法做过精辟独到的论述。文章的主要内容就是要从理解的不同方面:理解的对象——行动、理解的内容——意义以及理解的方式——主体间性等对米德与舒茨进行一次简要的比较;也试图就此理清米德的思想是如何、以及在何种程度上影响了舒茨的。     

语用学维度:人工智能框架问题与自然语言理解

语用学的基本理论有助于从语言的本质在于使用的角度来理解智能,为人工智能的框架问题提供哲学的视域和分析方法。现代人工智能的符号逻辑研究框架在哲学意义上具有脱离经验的根本局限性,联结论研究框架实质上与此相同。人工智能的框架问题研究需要奠基于"自然机制"为内核、"算法机制"为辅的哲学纲领。现代自然语言理解的句法和语义研究是脱离使用者与语境知识而处于指称层次的片面理解,而只有基于语用学层次的理解才是完整的。     

清初名儒李颙的治学之道

李颙对理学的重要贡献在于他为清初理学的治学之道开辟了一条新思路．这个新思路由“明体适用”开始,由“悔过自新”入手,并坚持传统理学的为学之道和为学之义,在“明道”“体道”的不断探索中,进而去“行道”和“达道”,最终进入学的最高境界,实现“弘道’的目的。而这一切都不能背离“经济实学”的儒学初哀。这既是对宋明理学偏重心学和性理空谈的一种纠正,也是向原始儒学的一种复归,是对理学的一种发展。     

What drives alignment between offered and perceived well-being initiatives in organizations? A cross-case analysis of employer–employee shared strategic intentionality

This study investigates the conditions of alignment between an organization's business strategy and the well-being initiatives (WBIs) offered to employees and employees' perceptions of the latter. We conducted a comparative study on the conditions of alignment between offered and perceived WBIs in three companies with different business strategies. Findings highlight that the alignment between offered and perceived benefits depends on what we label as “shared strategic intentionality”: (1) how employers use their understanding of the organization's business strategy to craft WBIs and (2) employees' attributions about why their employers offer WBIs the way they do and of the broader understanding of the organization's business strategy. We contribute to the strategic HRM literature by proposing an integrative position with regard to the macro (i.e., employer-focused) and micro (i.e., employee-focused) research traditions. Our position has the advantage of looking at employers' intentions and at employees' attributions of intentions simultaneously, and unravels the central role of business strategy in shaping their alignment. From a practical standpoint, not only do we bring a more nuanced understanding of the strategic HRM challenges faced by employers and employees in settings with different business strategies, but we also initiate a discussion about the traps and best practices associated with configuring effective WBIs in organizations.     

对“三个代表”重要思想的三点认识

本文论述了提出“三个代表”重要思想的出发点和着眼点 ,分析了“三个代表”重要思想的内涵 ,提出了高等学校落实“三个代表”重要思想的一些思路     

自寻烦恼的逻辑原因

人生活在世界上,免不了会遇到很多的烦恼,导致我们的生理、心理的负担,更可能导致行为的失误或失败。但是并非所有的烦恼都是必然的,事实上有些烦恼是客观存在的,而有些烦恼是主观的、是自寻的。自寻烦恼有很多的原因,大部分是认识发生偏差的结果,尤其是进行了错误的推理更容易导致自寻烦恼。本文对错误推理导致自寻烦恼进行了一定的分析。     

知生知死知我——"子曰:''''未知生焉知死?''''"简论

“生”与“死”是孔子学说中没有明言的问题,通过遮诠的表述,孔子表达了对“生”、“死”问题上采用对象化把握方式的反对。孔子对“知生”与“知死”割裂表诠,意在通过不可言说的言说,达到对“知生”与“知死”本是同一过程的领悟。在此领悟中,此在退回到本真能在。知生即为知死,知死即为知我。