政府职能转变与经济领域社会中介组织的关系

我国现行的政府职能是伴随着计划经济体制而建立起来的,加入WTO后,必须进一步推进政府管理体制改革和机构改革,按照发展市场经济的要求转变政府职能,建立社会主义市场经济体制,否则,将很难适应经济全球化的发展趋势。经济领域社会中介组织是伴随着市场经济的发展而成长起来的,政府职能转变必然有力促进经济领域社会中介组织的发展,而此类中介组织的良性发展又会进一步完善市场经济的运行机制,保证政府职能转变的顺利进行。     

An analysis of donor engagement with education policy development in Lao PDR from 1991 to 2000

This paper describes the relationship between donor agencies and government during the development of Lao basic education policy in the post‐Cold War period, 1991‐2000. We argue that Laos had only recently been ‘re‐ born’ from colonial regimes, and was thus unable to resist or mediate donor policy agendas and donors who acted on behalf of economically developed nations. The nature of the power relationship between donor and government is explored through an analysis of policy developed at that time as well as the perceptions of aid conditionalities, as recalled by government officials and those working in the aid sector at that time. These perceptions were gathered through interviews conducted by one of the authors.     

Organising for Donor Effectiveness: An Analytical Framework for Improving Aid Effectiveness

Donors have lagged behind aid recipients in adhering to the principles of aid effectiveness. Explaining the reasons for this demands greater awareness of organisational attributes within donor entities. To date, there have been only limited attempts to relate donor organisational factors to aid‐effectiveness goals. This article elaborates on a number of such relationships based on an empirical examination of donor dynamics in Norway, the UK and Canada. Donor effectiveness provides an important lens through which to build a robust post‐Busan global partnership.     

Gendered Leadership: The Effects of Female Development Agency Leaders on Foreign Aid Spending

This article examines the effects of gender on the leadership of bilateral development aid agencies, particularly their official development assistance (ODA) allocations toward gender‐related programming. Drawing on earlier research on gendered leadership, the article tests the hypothesis that female director generals (DGs) and ministers responsible for aid agencies will allocate more ODA than their male counterparts toward gender programming. This existing literature on gendered leadership is divided: some scholars argue that women and men have distinct leadership styles on account of their gender, while others argue that the only distinguishing factor is the institutional context in which they lead. Drawing on data collected on aid flows and agency leadership within the major Western aid donors of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC) over the period from 1995 through 2009, we use pooled time series analysis to examine the effects of gendered leadership on aid allocation. Our analysis reveals a tendency for female DGs and ministers to focus ODA on gender‐mainstreaming programs, while male DGs focus ODA on gender‐focused programs. We argue that these divergent priorities reflect the women's desire to reform gendered power structures within their respective aid agencies, and the men's desire to maintain existing gender power structures from which they benefit.     

西部少数民族地区依法治理工作机构的困惑与完善

依法治国是一项伟大的社会系统工程,依法治理是依法治国的具体化。本文结合西部少数民族地区依法治理工作机构的实际情况,提出应当将工作机构实体化、工作职责法定化、工作程序规范化、法律责任完备化,才能真正促进依法治理工作的进一步发展。     

诚信文化：社会中介组织发展的瓶颈

诚信是一种特殊的文化。主要由诚信文化的符号、价值观、规范和物质形态等构成。社会中介组织的诚信文化缺失已成为其良性发展的瓶颈。社会中介组织诚信文化缺失主要体现为:提供虚假信息;失信行为的惩罚机制和内部自律机制不健全;提供“不实”的房屋、企业和“人”等。构建诚信文化,促进社会中介组织的良性发展需要从诚信信息、诚信制度、诚信管理、诚信教育、诚信环境等五方面进行。     

我国实现全民健康覆盖目标的策略建议

文章介绍了全民健康覆盖的由来和目标,从服务覆盖?人口覆盖和费用覆盖三个方面对其内涵进行了阐述?从国外探索实现全民健康覆盖的实践,谈到我国推进全民健康覆盖的进展和存在的几个突出问题,包括卫生资源总量不足?配置不均衡;不同医保制度间医疗费用和服务利用不公平;基层医疗卫生机构服务能力有限,患者就医流向趋高?针对我国存在的问题,借鉴国际经验,建议加大卫生投入,重点加大对农村?中西部地区的财政转移支付力度;加强基层医疗卫生机构服务能力建设;建立基层首诊?分级诊疗?双向转诊的就医制度;提高基本医疗保险保障水平,整合医保体系?     

水库移民对移民机构的满意度及其影响因素分析——基于江西省1361份移民样本的实地调查数据

依据江西省1 361户水库移民样本调查数据,运用多元有序Logistic模型,实证分析了水库移民对移民机构的满意度及其影响因素。结果表明,水库移民对移民机构的评价较高,在基本满意以上的达94.5%;扶持项目安排情况对水库移民评价移民机构产生了显著的负向影响;直补资金发放、扶持项目征求移民意见情况、项目扶持工作评价、项目管理情况、对申诉政策与渠道的了解情况等因素对水库移民评价移民机构产生了显著的正向影响。     

Statisticians in European regulatory agencies

The UK body of statisticians in the pharmaceutical industry, PSI, has called on heads of European regulatory agencies responsible for assessing applications for marketing authorizations for new medicines in the EU to employ full time statisticians. In order to assess the present situation a survey has been conducted to identify the number of agencies employing one or more full time statisticians. Out of 29 responding agencies, 12 employed one or more statisticians on a full time basis, whereas 17 did not. Among these 17, 7 involved external experts on a regular basis, 5 involved external statisticians on a case‐by‐case basis, whereas 5 never involved external statistical expertise. Failure to involve statisticians in the assessment of efficacy and safety of medicines does not automatically lead to reports of low quality or invalid assessment of benefit‐risk. However, in depth knowledge of statistical methodology is often necessary to uncover weaknesses and potentially biased efficacy estimates. This might be of importance for the final opinion on granting a marketing authorization, and statistical review should therefore be conducted by those who are professionally expert in the area. A positive trend toward an increased involvement of statistical expertise in the European network of regulatory agencies is observed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国警察机构及警察权改革刍议

对暴力使用权的合法垄断是国家权力的本质特征,国家对暴力的垄断集中体现在军队和警察身上,警察的暴力垄断使用权是其对内政治表达和稳定秩序的需要。目前。我国的警察权设置过于狭隘,已不能满足社会和民众的需要。调整现在的警察机构设置和警察权的设定,成为我国行政体制改革、建设服务型政府的当务之急,也是我国警察体制改革的必由之路。同时,只有采用新的工作原则和制度安排,才能使分散化的警察机构设置产生更大的效用,发挥机构分散化带来的优势,克服分散化带来的劣势,推进警察和社会安全体系的建设。