中日文动宾结构初探

文章通过中文的动宾结构与相应的日语谓语形式进行比较,阐明中日动宾结构的异同,进而分析中日自他动词的差异,指出学习日语动词时易犯的毛病及其对策。     

从动词词义看双宾语构块式和与格构块式

本文从构块式语法的角度观察双宾语结构和与格结构间构块式意义的差异。用磁体构造模型,结合BROWN语料库统计数值,来阐释双及物动词词义类型与两种构块式选用的关联性,以便准确掌握选用两种构块式的规律。     

英语助动词句法特征分析

文章运用转换生成语法中的某些句法理论,对助动词的一些结构特征进行分析,如助动词作为INFL,空位助动词,助动词作为屈折语的提升,助动词与主语论旨角色的分配,多个助动词在句中出现时的排列顺序等。     

MODEL-ASSISTED HIGHER-ORDER CALIBRATION OF ESTIMATORS OF VARIANCE

In survey sampling, interest often centres on inference for the population total using information about an auxiliary variable. The variance of the estimator used plays a key role in such inference. This study develops a new set of higher‐order constraints for the calibration of estimators of variance for various estimators of the population total. The proposed strategy requires an appropriate model for describing the relationship between the response and auxiliary variable, and the variance of the auxiliary variable. It is therefore referred to as a model‐assisted approach. Several new estimators of variance, including the higher‐order calibration estimators of the variance of the ratio and regression estimators suggested by Singh, Horn & Yu and Sitter & Wu are special cases of the proposed technique. The paper presents and discusses the results of an empirical study to compare the performance of the proposed estimators and existing counterparts.     

《红楼梦》中“趋向动词＋来／去”结构

本文通过对<红楼梦>一书中合成趋向动词作补语这一结构形式的对比分析,试图发现该书中"谓语--补语1--宾语--补语2"这类结构,随着处置式的广泛运用,不仅在现代汉语中使用范围相对缩小了,不及<红楼梦>中运用普遍,且使用场合和分工也发生了一些变化.     

趋向动词的范围及意义

趋向动词在现代汉语里是一个相对封闭的类,前人多有论述,但对它如何分类,如何区分,判断的标准以及它的范围和意义等问题看法不尽相同。根据语义分析,趋向动词的标准应确定为:位移 方向 立足点。趋向动词的句法以常带来表示起点或终点的处所宾语和前边可以有处所状语修饰为特点。趋向动词在历史上是有变化的,有的逐渐退出了历史舞台,而有的一般动词却发展出了趋向动词的用法。     

宜春话的将来时态助词"格"及其来源

宜春话有一个将来时态助词“格”。它可以放在动词、形容词、少数名词、数量词之后,表示事件即将发生。“格”具有离散功能,可看做离散标志。“格”字句常表意愿、推测、提醒、警告。“格”的本字是“去”。     

New calibration estimator based on two auxiliary variables in stratified sampling

In recent years, calibration estimation has become an important field of research in survey sampling. This paper proposes a new calibration estimator for the population mean in the presence of two auxiliary variables in stratified sampling. The theory of new calibration estimator is given and optimum calibration weights are derived. A simulation study is carried out to performance of the proposed calibration estimator over other existing calibration estimators. The results reveal that the proposed calibration estimators are more efficient than other existing calibration estimators in stratified sampling.     

Empirical Likelihood Inference for the Rao‐Hartley‐Cochran Sampling Design

The Hartley‐Rao‐Cochran sampling design is an unequal probability sampling design which can be used to select samples from finite populations. We propose to adjust the empirical likelihood approach for the Hartley‐Rao‐Cochran sampling design. The approach proposed intrinsically incorporates sampling weights, auxiliary information and allows for large sampling fractions. It can be used to construct confidence intervals. In a simulation study, we show that the coverage may be better for the empirical likelihood confidence interval than for standard confidence intervals based on variance estimates. The approach proposed is simple to implement and less computer intensive than bootstrap. The confidence interval proposed does not rely on re‐sampling, linearization, variance estimation, design‐effects or joint inclusion probabilities.     

Power comparison of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test under ranked set sampling and simple random sampling

Many studies have been used to compare the power of several goodness-of-fit (GOF) tests under simple random sampling (SRS) and ranked set sampling (RSS). In our study, a different design procedure and ranking process in RSS are thoroughly investigated. A simulation study is conducted to compare the power of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test under SRS and RSS with different sets and cycle sizes for several distributions. Level-2 sampling design and partially rank-ordered sets are used. Also, we benefited from auxiliary variables in the ranking process. Finally, results are presented with tables and figures. Under these conditions we show that the RSS has better performance against the SRS in finite population.