Les régimes de production des connaissances de la sélection animale. Ontologies,mesures, formes de régulation

This paper analyses the co-production of knowledge and socio-economic order in animal breeding. Is it possible to historicise analyses of the actor-network theory (ANT) and to show forms of pairing between knowledge production and sociopolitical order typical of a given historical period? Symmetrically, in an approach based on regimes of knowledge, how do we account for the differences that remain over a given period? Drawing on the differences in the exploitation of animal genetics in three production sectors (beef, pork, chicken), this paper analyses the diversity of the composition of the socio-(bio)technical methods of animal selection and the mechanisms for stabilising these methods. It also explains the relations with factors whose forms of existence do not depend only on local arrangements. In this way, one can move from local heterogeneous agencements to regimes of knowledge.     

Environmental thought and ecopoetics in the cultures of post-1989 Central and Eastern Europe

This article discusses the rise of an environmental awareness of place in post-socialist cultures as a reaction to decades-long authoritarian practices that had shaped and informed human beings’ relation with natural space. Drawing on examples of fiction and non-fiction from Poland and Ukraine (Andrzej Stasiuk, Iurii Andrukhovych, Olga Tokarczuk, and Halyna Pohutiak), this article focuses on the ecocritical and environmentally transformative potential of several representative geographically conscious narratives. To examine such emergent readings of place, the article discusses the development of the narrative paradigms of (bio)regionalism and localism, which, on the one hand, represent alternative ways of conceptualizing the natural environment and, on the other, serve as reactions to earlier socialist constructions of centralist geographies and homogeneous national spaces.     

西部生态环境建设的法律思考--兼论我国环境立法的完善

西部生态环境法治建设面临的主要障碍因素是西部人主体对法律的需求不足 ,环境立法尚不能完全适应西部地区经济社会发展的需要。为此 ,需要在可持续发展的旗帜下 ,全面重构我国环境立法 ,并着重解决好西部地区性差异对环境法律的特殊需求 ,生态补偿机制及法律保障 ,环境经济、法律制度创新等方面的问题     

The evaluation of bioequivalence using nonparametric procedures

Applications of nonparametric methods to the evaluation of bioequiv-alence for two treatments are presented for independent samples and for a crossover design. Included are procedures for testing for equivalence in location, in dispersion, and in general. Also presented are procedures for the calculation of confidence limits. A general strategy for the evaluation of bioequivalence is developed which involves both hypothesis testing and the calculation of confidencelimits for parameters which characterize departures from equivalene.     

氯代芳香化合物的生物降解性研究──K_(ow)与分子连接性指数的相关性

阐述了氯代芳香化合物的生物降解的主要途径 .用lgKow表征其生物降解能力 ,以2 XV 作自变量 ,通过线性回归方法建立预测模型为 :lgKow=a( 2 XV) n+b,R >0 .990 ,预测值与实验值吻合 .     

试论《水浒传》的史传笔法

本文从创作契机、人物塑造、小说结构、表现手法等各个方面探讨了《水浒传》如何继承和发扬《史记》等史传文学的精神 ,以及从中所突现的史的痕迹及所运用的史传笔法。     

人学研究的"达尔文范式"

本文从五个方面说明了达尔文进化论对于认识人的本质的范式作用:(1)对人的解释的从下到上的新模式;(2)对社会合作行为的生物学解释;(3)对社会道德的进化博弈论说明;(4)关于基因决定作用的"自然选择"说;(5)对身心关系问题的进化认识论说明.     

Improving the biomarker diagnostic capacity via functional transformations

The use of the area under the receiver-operating characteristic, ROC, curve (AUC) as an index of diagnostic accuracy is overwhelming in fields such as biomedical science and machine learning. It seems that a larger AUC value has become synonymous with a better performance. The functional transformation of the marker values has been proposed in the specialized literature as a procedure for increasing the AUC and therefore the diagnostic accuracy. However, the classification process is based on some regions (classification subsets) which support the decision made; one subject is classified as positive if its marker is within this region and classified as negative otherwise. In this paper we study the capacity of improving the classification performance of univariate biomarkers via functional transformations and the impact of this transformation on the final classification regions based on a real-world dataset. Particularly, we consider the problem of determining the gender of a subject based on the Mode frequency of his/her voice. The shape of the cumulative distribution function of this characteristic in both the male and the female groups makes the resulting classification problem useful for illustrating the differences between having useful diagnostic rules and obtaining an optimal AUC value. Our point is that improving the AUC by means of a functional transformation can produce classification regions with no practical interpretability. We propose to improve the classification accuracy by making the selection of the classification subsets more flexible while preserving their interpretability. Besides, we provide different graphical approximations which allow us a better understanding of the classification problem.     

西方生命虚构叙事创作新趋势——以《马洛与莎士比亚秘史》为例

西方生命虚构叙事是一种以历史人物的生命因子为叙事驱策,通过虚构化策略再现历史人物人生的创作体裁,马洛与莎士比亚作为“作者之争”的主角经常出现在近期的 西方传记研究和生命虚构创作中。达甘在《马洛与莎士比亚秘史》中将学术元素与侦探元素交融在一起,以生命虚构文本而非学术论著的形式再现《哈姆雷特》的创作过程,藉此 创设一种另类的“共谋理论”,这在某种程度上代表着后现代语境下西方生命虚构叙事的学术化、另类化和不自然叙事化的创作新趋势。     

Imagination laboratory: making sense of bio‐objects in contemporary genetic art

Public engagement in biotechnology has declined as cloning, genetic engineering and regenerative medicine have become socially and culturally normalized. Zooming in on existing bio‐technological debates, this article turns to contemporary genetic art as sites for ethical reflections. Art can be viewed as an ‘imagination laboratory’, a space through which un‐framing and rupturing of contemporary rationalities are facilitated, and, in addition, enabling sense‐making and offering fantastic connections otherwise not articulated. In this article, the framework of ‘bio‐objectification’ is enriched with Bennett's (2001) notion of enchantment and the importance of wonder and openness to the unusual, in order to highlight alternative matters of concern than articulated through conventional politico‐moral discourse. Drawing on a cultural sociological analysis of Eduardo Kac's Edunia, Lucy Glendinning's Feather Child, Patricia Piccinini's Still Life with Stem Cells and Heather Dewey‐Hagborg's Stranger Visions, we discuss how the intermingling of art, science, critics, art historians, science fiction, internet, and physical space, produce a variety of attachments that this article will unpack. The article demonstrates that while some modern boundaries and rationalities are highlighted and challenged through the ‘imagination laboratory’ of the art process, others are left untouched.