SBR工艺特点及SBR脱氮除磷技术

介绍了序批式活性污泥法(Sequencing Batch Reactor,简称SBR)工艺的产生、发展和特点以及目前脱氮除磷研究的主要进展。     

气藏水平井连续携液理论与实验

在气藏水平井中随着生产管柱倾斜角度的变化，井筒内液体的重力作用会发生改变，从而引起气液两相流型的变化。以产气为主的气井井筒内液体主要以液膜、液滴的形式出现，由此出现了液滴模型与液膜模型两种解释积液的理论。从这两种携液理论出发，考虑生产管柱倾斜角度的影响，对倾斜管内液滴、液膜进行受力分析，推导出了随管柱倾斜角度变化的连续携液临界流速的计算式，使之适用于水平井连续携液临界流量的计算。设计制作了水平气井连续携液实验装置并进行了实验研究，观测气藏水平井中气水两相运动与流型变化情况并测试其临界携液气量，结果表明，气藏水平井中水平井段的液体以液膜携带为主，但直井段中越接近井口，越以液滴携带为主，液滴模型也能适用于计算气藏水平井的连续携液临界流速。     

Advertising ‘Happy’ Children: The Settler Family,Happiness and the Indigenous Child Removal System

We analyse 4300 advertisements of children featured in the Today's Child column, a daily written by Helen Allen in The Toronto Telegram and The Toronto Star from 1964 to 1982, to understand how the Canadian public became accepting of the adoption of Indigenous children. While children of all ethnic backgrounds were featured, the Indigenous children who were displayed were part of a larger system of child removal, known as the ‘Sixties Scoop’. We demonstrate the ways Indigenous children are described with a specific form of happiness that is conjoined with colonial conceptions of the family and nation.     

我国未来民法典中私法责任承担方式的立法选择——兼论停止侵害、排除妨碍、消除危险、返还财产的二元定位

我国《民法通则》、《物权法》和《侵权责任法》同时规定了停止侵害、排除妨碍、消除危险、返还财产等救济方式.在以上三部法律中,这些救济方式性质、内涵是否相同并不明确,在法律适用过程中极易引起混乱,也为未来民法典设计私法责任承担方式设下了制度障碍.本文认为,停止侵害、排除妨碍、消除危险、返还财产既可以作为绝对权请求权,又可以作为私法责任承担方式,二者具有各自的独立性.这种二元定位具有理论与现实的意义,未来民法典应该作出科学的立法技术处理.     

房屋拆迁权行使的正当性研究

按照行政权理论,房屋拆迁行政裁量权从性质上属于侵益性行为,法律应当将其设计为羁束行为,或者是羁束裁量行为。我国《城市房屋拆迁管理条例》将其设计为自由裁量行为,将房屋拆迁个别案件的判断和处理授权给行政部门,期待行政主体以其自身的责任进行政策性应对或自由判断,其局限性与危险性在于其容易被滥用。应当从立法上确立拆迁权行使的正当性标准,并将其纳入司法审查领域。     

First-exit times for compound poisson processes for some types of positive and negative jumps

We consider the one-sided and the two-sided first-exit problem for a compound Poisson process with linear deterministic decrease between positive and negative jumps. This process (X(t)) _t≥0 occurs as the workload process of a single-server queueing system with random workload removal, which we denote by M/G _u /G _d /1, where G _u (G _d ) stands for the distribution of the upward (downward) jumps; other applications are to cash management, dams, and several related fields. Under various conditions on G _u and G _d (assuming e.g. that one of them is hyperexponential, Erlang or Coxian), we derive the joint distribution of τ _y =inf{t≥0|X(t)?(0,y)}, y>0, and X(τ _y ) as well as that of T=inf{t≥0|X(t)≤0} and X(T). We also determine the distribution of sup{X(t)|0≤t≤T}.     

项目研究法在培养学生创新素质中的应用

如何密切理论教学与工程实践的联系是目前高等教育提高教学质量,提高学生实践能力需要思考的一个重要问题。以《工业通风与除尘》课程为例,采用项目研究法对这一问题进行了的讨论。通过设定具体条件,让学生在课堂学习过程中,将理论与实践紧密结合起来,并将课程的各部分内容有机结合起来,从而为应用创新型人才培养在课程教学上提供一些思路。     

Practical Methods for Meeting Remediation Goals at Hazardous Waste Sites

Risk-based cleanup goals or preliminary remediation goals (PRGs) are established at hazardous waste sites when contaminant concentrations in air, soil, surface water, or groundwater exceed specified acceptable risk levels. When derived in accordance with the Environmental Protection Agency's risk assessment guidance, the PRG is intended to represent the average contaminant concentration within an exposure unit area that is left on the site following remediation. The PRG, however, frequently has been used inconsistently at Superfund sites with a number of remediation decisions using the PRG as a not-to-exceed concentration (NTEC). Such misapplications could result in overly conservative and unnecessarily costly remedial actions. The PRG should be applied in remedial actions in the same manner in which it was generated. Statistical methods, such as Bower's Confidence Response Goal, and mathematical methods such as "iterative removal of hot spots," are available to assist in the development of NTECs that ensure the average postremediation contaminant concentration is at or below the PRG. These NTECs can provide the risk manager with a more practical cleanup goal. In addition, an acute PRG can be developed to ensure that contaminant concentrations left on-site following remediation are not so high as to pose an acute or short-term health risk if excessive exposure to small areas of the site should occur. A case study demonstrates cost savings of five to ten times associated with the more scientifically sound use of the PRG as a postremediation site average, and development of a separate NTEC and acute PRG based on the methods referenced in this article.     

征地拆迁对农村阶层分化的影响——基于湖北省荆门市城郊农村的调查

在城郊农村阶层分化背景下,征地拆迁本质上是对土地增值收益在农村各阶层间的再分配过程,它涉及到阶层间的博弈关系,必然对农村各阶层的状况、阶层流动和阶层关系产生影响,重构农村阶层结构。征地拆迁对农村各阶层的影响因各阶层的权力、土地和社会关系差异而不同,在征地拆迁过程中有的阶层实现了向上流动,而有的阶层则在经济、声望和职业地位等方面都下降了。征地拆迁中的阶层博弈既促成了精英阶层内部的利益联盟,也产生或加剧了其他阶层与农村体制精英的对立关系,农村阶层关系愈发紧张。     

论刘蓉抚陕与罢职

刘蓉是晚清政治史上一位重要人物,其仕宦生涯与当时错综复杂的政治社会背景大有关系。他署理陕西巡抚期间,察吏安民,汰劣黜庸,政绩名声甚好,但由于性格刚直,与官场流俗相忤,先后与陕西按察使张集馨、继任巡抚乔松年发生交恶构怨,又遭到翰林院编修蔡寿祺、内阁侍读学士陈廷经的诬告,最后罢职而去。从中可以看出湘系集团与清廷及其他地方势力的离合关系。