Consumption and poverty in the homes of the English poor,c. 1670–1834

The consumer behaviour of the poor in the long eighteenth century has attracted more historical attention in recent years. Yet, we have little understanding of whether regional factors affected consumption or how the poor’s ownership of household goods was influenced by level of poverty and the life-cycle. By focusing on Kent and drawing comparisons to other counties, this article argues that the material lives of the poor were improving by the late eighteenth century, but finds that there were distinct regional differences as the poor acquired more and better goods in London and the Home Counties than in relatively remote areas. Moreover, by using pauper inventories and labourers’ probate inventories, the research finds that the poor were not a homogeneous group with similar levels of material wealth, but should be considered in terms of different subgroups which often led very different material lives to one another due to life-cycle-related problems including sickness and old age. Labourers’ probate inventories are found to represent a minority of the poor who were materially richer than most, whilst pauper inventories appear to represent a more typical subgroup of the poor that struggled to make do and owned most types of goods in smaller numbers.     

市场经济条件下的企业文化建设

根据市场经济条件下中国企业文化建设遇到的主要问题和发展特点 ,当前加强企业文化建设应树立以人为本的观念、市场观念、用户至上观念、人类整体观念和社会责任感 ,解决好企业管理中的实际问题 ,从理论和实践两个维度对企业文化发展走向作出系统的思考。     

林庚白对宋诗派理论的反思与改造及其古典诗歌创作观

林庚白是南社的重要作家之一,研究近代文学的学人往往简单地视林庚白为宋诗派成员,但事实上宋诗不能涵盖林氏一生诗歌的情感内容和艺术风貌。从早年对同光体的追慕到后来对宋诗派的反叛和超越,林庚白对同光体宋诗派理论的内省与改造体现在藉诗写史的自觉性,情绪与情感的现代性以及以社会主义者之身世与怀抱而为诗三个方面,为传统诗词创作注入了新的精神　　气质和思想内涵。其五四以后的诗作也显示了旧体形式的诗歌在主动顺应历史潮流,渗入时代精神的条件下的内在生命力和创作实绩,不应为近现代文学研究所忽视。     

关于新形势下推进素质教育的几点认识

随着知识经济和信息时代的到来 ,全面推进素质教育 ,努力培养高素质创新人才在我国显得尤为迫切。素质教育的实施涉及到深刻的教育改革 ,广大教育工作者应改变教育观念 ,走出传统教育的误区 ,建立“以学生为主体 ,以创造性教育为本位”的新型教学模式 ,尽快适应新形势下素质教育的要求     

评鲍德里亚的"消费社会理论"

鲍德里亚系统提出了"消费社会"的理论。他企图对唯物史观进行"颠覆"是错误的。但是不能简单地认为他是资本主义制度的辩护士。鲍德里亚不懂得马克思从根本上颠覆了国民经济学和唯心主义历史观的两种"幻象",从而奠定了生产和劳动对于人类社会存在与发展的基础性地位;不懂得消费与生产的现实辩证关系,片面地离开生产探讨消费的新特征,甚至主张用消费取代生产。消费异化是劳动异化的表现。技术救赎不可能解决当代人类面临的重大社会问题。     

质押——个人住房消费贷款的一种制度创新

文章分析了推行个人住房消费质押贷款的优势和可行性,探讨了可以用来作为住房质押贷款的质物和住房消费质押贷款的运作机制,最后指出了个人住房消费质押贷款能顺利运作所必须的支撑体系.     

Consumption and Saving Behavior of Older and Younger Baby Boomers in Korea

The 1998 Korean Survey of Family Income and Expenditures was used to examine the overall consumption and saving behavior of Korean baby boomers and compared the differences in consumption and saving behavior between older and younger boomers. The t -test results indicated that the younger boomers allocated a significantly higher percentage of their expenditures on food away from home, household appliances, transportation and communication than did the older boomers, whereas the older boomers spent higher amounts and allocated larger budget shares on their children's education than did the younger boomers. The results of Ordinary Least-Squares (OLS) regression analysis showed that, holding other factors constant, older boomers not only spent significantly more in the total consumption expenditures and education expenditures, but older boomers also saved significantly less than did younger boomers.     

Consumption Patterns of Chinese Children

In the ten-year period from 1990 to 1999, children's consumption has increased dramatically in proportion to family income. In 85% of urban families, children's average consumption is equal to one third or more of the family's income. Resources are being directed to children's food and dietary supplements, toys, travel, computers and other electronic equipment, and educational resources. Children perceive that they have a significant influence on the family's financial decision-making. Problems related to children's consumption include indulgence in unnecessary or harmful purchases, and conspicuous consumption that cannot be sustained by the family's income. While some child-focused spending is viewed as enriching development, other expenditures may harm the family's economic well-being and foster an overly materialistic outlook among children.     

写作过程：构思与非构思的共存互补

构思是写作过程的重要环节,其必然性是由写作这种精神劳动的构建性、创造性特征所决定的;非构思是一种生成性写作,是作者在特定触煤刺激下显意识的重构或潜意识的突现;写作过程中构思与非构思共存互补。     

李白乐府诗歌《蜀道难》等三首同音重复的语言风格

李白三十多岁初入长安时期创作的乐府诗歌《蜀道难》、《行路难》、《将进酒》是其诗歌创作第一高峰时期的代表作。本文运用汉语韵律学的理论,分析李白《蜀道难》等三首乐府诗歌中运用同音重复手段所产生的一唱三叹、突出主题、加重感情等音韵魅力和语言风格,揭示了作品中语言风格与托物言志的意境、“挥斥幽愤”的思想感情是融为一体的,让读者从新的角度体味李白乐府诗歌崇高的浪漫主义意境。