美国“积极行动”政策简评

民族政策分两类：非歧视政策和民族优惠政策。非歧视就是在社会生活的各个领域禁止基于民族、种族、肤色和族源的一切形式的歧视。民族优惠政策,是指国家对特定少数民族采取特殊的照顾和优惠措施。民族优惠政策在美国被称为“积极行动”政策。经过二十世纪五、六十年代的民权运动,美国在法律上已经确立了非歧视原则,但“积极行动”政策却充满了争议。     

A Disillusioned College Professor

In this article, the author discusses the double-bind situation of being an educator in a college setting, but reluctant to disclose that which could enlighten her social work students the most—at 14 years old she experienced a complete psychotic break (catatonic-type), but completely recovered within a few months and largely without medication. Here the author acknowledges the shameful nature of contemporary controversial issues in mental health some 37 years after her own experience and includes an excerpt from “An Absence of Concern,” a work in progress, to illustrate the dynamic inner processes that remain intact during a break, but largely denied by an ignorant society.     

A Challenge for Social Studies Educators: Teaching about Islam,Jihād,and Shari’ah Law

In this article, the author investigates the controversial curricular and instructional aspects of teaching about Islam in social studies courses. Specifically, the author discusses pedagogically sound approaches to teaching about jihād and Shari’ah law, two of the most important and controversial concepts in Islam that often generate intense debates among scholars, policy-makers, social studies teachers, and the general public. It is crucial that social studies teachers present all of the competing and complex definitions regarding jihād and Shari’ah law; this task is exacerbated by passionate disagreements among Islamic scholars, lawyers, and historians over the true nature of these concepts. Many K–12 textbooks omit or distort the multiple interpretations of jihād and Shari’ah law because of political pressures, space limitations, and efforts to avoid controversies inherent in discussing religion. Thus, many students are confused by competing views and ideological perspectives by experts regarding Islam; this situation is untenable, given the importance of Islam in contemporary American politics and international affairs.     

非营利组织概念界定中的争议点研究

非营利组织的概念并非是一个具有明确内涵和外延的术语,由此导致学者们无法在世界范围内开展非营利组织的比较研究。就非营利组织概念界定过程中具有代表性的四个争议点进行研究和讨论,为界定非营利组织概念和从事国际比较研究提供一种新的视角。     

修改后刑法第201条的理论发展及争议问题

《刑法修正案（七）》对刑法第201条规定的偷税罪做出了修改,修改内容包括罪状、定罪量刑标准、追诉要件等几个方面,在理论上有创新之处。修改后的立法在罪名确定、犯罪行为、定罪标准、与累犯的关系、与逃避追缴欠税罪之间的区别等几个方面都需要进一步研讨,以期正确适用法律。     

Memory walk: an interaction-oriented project to interrogate contested histories

This article focuses on a novel concept that involves having young people make films about contested historical monuments and discussing them in classroom settings with their peers. This concept, called ‘Memory Walk’, builds on insights within intercultural education and theories on commemorative practices that point to the importance of addressing controversial issues and histories rather than ignoring them. We start by discussing the challenges of introducing controversial issues into classroom teaching. Then, we turn to how the creation of monuments and memorials is a reflection of power relations in society, focusing on the complex and difficult way the past is being dealt with in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina. Finally, we describe how such insights can be translated into the concrete Memory Walk method.     

Social Studies versus Social Science

The authors of this article examine several controversial U.S. monuments and offer teachers a rationale, resources, and suggested activities for incorporating these historical monuments into classroom instruction. The authors discuss why controversial issues should be discussed in the social studies classroom through the critical examination of national monuments. We argue that discussing key social issues through the analysis of contentious monuments will not only provide students with a more complete picture of history but also allow them to develop critical twenty-first-century skills such as visual literacy and understanding multiple perspectives. The focus is to provide secondary social studies teachers with an alternative approach to examining historical monuments and controversial issues through the analysis of contemporary and historical debates regarding the nature of commemoration on the United States’ landscape. A brief rationale for the inclusion of monuments and controversial issues into the social studies curriculum is provided, as well as examples of provocative historic monuments, example activities to teach these monuments, and suggested resources to further examine this topic.     

由我国周边海域紧张局势引发的思考——其它海洋强国立法对我国的借鉴意义

近几年来,我国与周边国家围绕海洋权益的争夺日益激烈,突出表现在海域划界和岛屿归属问题上。在介绍国外海洋国家的海洋基本法以及相关配套法律制度的基础上,提出对我国的借鉴意义。我国应学习其它海洋强国的海洋管理经验,建立维护海洋权益、海上安全的安全体系,在研究国际海洋法和其它国家海洋基本法的前提下,结合本国海洋实际,尽快出台我国的海洋基本法,完善我国的海洋法律体系。     

美国女作家杰斯敏·沃德小说《拯救骨肉》的写实主义

美国年轻黑人女作家杰斯敏·沃德以她的第二部小说《拯救骨肉》摘得了2011年美国国家图书奖最佳小说奖的桂冠。小说采用写实主义手法,巧妙地运用隐喻的修辞方法,大胆谈论争议话题,真实地描述了美国南部小镇的贫穷与人们在自然灾难中显示出的亲情。     

The Conclusions and Recommendations of the Commission on the Investigation of the Social Studies in the Schools

ABSTRACT

How can teachers effectively use documentary film to teach history, and toward what goals? This article addresses these important questions by: (1) exploring what we know about secondary teachers' practices with documentary film and secondary students' beliefs about documentary film as a source of knowledge about the past, (2) proposing a rationale for the use of documentary film that supports the goals of history education, and (3) discussing examples of documentaries that can be shown to further the rationale presented. Although there are numerous suitable purposes and methods for using documentary film, we argue that two of the most powerful and appropriate are as a way to explore multiple perspectives and as a way to teach about controversial issues.