Depressive Symptoms,Stress, and Social Support Among Dental Students at a Historically Black College and University

Objective: The authors measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms among dental students at a historically black college in the United States to determine how depressive symptoms, stress, and social support influence each other within this student population. Participants: Dental students (n = 143) completed a self-administered survey to assess depressive symptoms, stress, and social support, using validated and reliable instruments. Participants also reported demographic variables. Methods: The authors used multivariable linear regression controlling for potential confounding. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 16.7%. There were significantly higher levels of stress for students with depressive symptoms compared with those without such symptoms (p < .01), and students with depressive symptoms had significantly lower levels of social support (p < .01). Results show higher levels of depressive symptomatology to be related to decreased social support at both high and low stress levels (p < .01). Conclusions: Stress and social support are associated with depressive symptoms among dental students.     

B样条曲线在口腔修复体局部修改中的应用

在口腔修复体计算机辅助设计中，利用B样条曲线逼近修复体STL文件的切片截面轮廓数据，通过改变控制点位置来修改曲线，从而实现口腔修复体的局部修改。     

土家语舌尖擦音声母的来源

现代土家语有s、z两个舌尖擦音声母,其来源非常复杂,一部分来自原始藏缅母语的舌尖擦音声母,一部分来自原始藏缅母语带s的复声母,一部分来自原始藏缅母语由非舌尖擦音构成的复声母。     

“吉林方言舌尖音转化”现象分析及其测试

吉林方言同普通话对比,语音差异突出表现为舌尖音的声母转化。在转化过程中,出现了舌尖前音与舌尖后音的完全转化、舌尖中介音、舌尖音舌面化以及舌尖音卷舌化等几种现象。在普通话测试中,对这几种现象我们应认真分析,应根据舌尖音转化的程度而作出不同标准的测定。     

Proceedings of the Fifty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the American College Health Association April 21–24, Boston,Massachusetts

Abstract

Using a lively classroom activity and a sense of humor is helpful in conveying a serious message about responsible sexual behavior to college students. The activity described takes only 1 hour, requires simple and easily obtainable equipment, and generates animated discussions. Students learn to feel more comfortable about using condoms after demonstrations of the strength and flexibility of these increasingly available items.     

An Examination of Older Immigrants' Use of Dental Services in the United States

The recent influx of immigrants aged 65 and older in the United States triggers an increasing need to understand older immigrants' dental services use. This paper uses data (n = 9,617) from the 2004 and 2006 waves of the Health and Retirement Study to examine the dental services use of older Americans. In particular, this study focuses on differences in dental services use between immigrants and natives and potential contributing factors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed, contrary to expectation, that older immigrants were more likely to use dental services than older natives despite numerous barriers (odds ratio = 1.30 in 2004). The results in 2006 confirmed these findings. The results from 2004 and 2006 analyses showed dental insurance coverage, sex, and marital status were associated differently with dental services use for immigrants and natives. Implications for current oral health policies and future research of older Americans are discussed, as well as methods for meeting older immigrants' growing dental services needs.     

Random effects regression models for count data with excess zeros in caries research

We extend the family of Poisson and negative binomial models to derive the joint distribution of clustered count outcomes with extra zeros. Two random effects models are formulated. The first model assumes a shared random effects term between the conditional probability of perfect zeros and the conditional mean of the imperfect state. The second formulation relaxes the shared random effects assumption by relating the conditional probability of perfect zeros and the conditional mean of the imperfect state to two different but correlated random effects variables. Under the conditional independence and the missing data at random assumption, a direct optimization of the marginal likelihood and an EM algorithm are proposed to fit the proposed models. Our proposed models are fitted to dental caries counts of children under the age of six in the city of Detroit.     

Elder Abuse and Oral Health Care Providers: An Intervention to Increase Knowledge and Self-Perceived Likelihood to Report

The objective of this study was to ascertain whether a symposium on elder abuse raises the level of knowledge and the self-reported likelihood to report elder abuse among licensed oral health care providers. 130 dentists, hygienists, and assistants voluntarily attended a 4-hour training symposium and completed both pre- and postsurveys testing their level of knowledge. Results by statistical analyses, using repeated measurements, Wilcoxon signed-rank test for nonparametric data, showed increases in awareness of reporting process, knowledge/awareness of elder abuse, knowledge of mandated reporter requirements, and comfort levels with recognizing signs and symptoms of elder abuse and neglect. In conclusion, a symposium can increase the self-reported likelihood of reporting elder abuse.     

超声弯曲工具头的动态特性仿真与实验研究

牙种植超声工具利用弯曲工具头能够制备异型种植窝孔,为了研究工具头弯曲角度对位移响应的影响,利用有限 元软件Abaqus对弯曲工具头进行动态仿真,得到不同弯曲角度工具头的位移响应,并通过实验验证有限元分析结果。验 证实验表明,有限元分析结果与实验结果基本保持一致,为具有弯曲工具头的牙种植超声工具的设计提供了方法和依据。