Diglossia and identity in Northeast Thailand: Linguistic,social, and political hierarchy

The paper explores diglossic relations between Central Thai and phasa isan, a variety officially known as a dialect of Thai, but linguistically close to Lao. Phasa isan is spoken by almost one‐third of Thailand's population but its speakers in the Northeast are often stigmatized as uneducated and backward. We conducted field research mainly among university students in Ubon Ratchathani, a northeastern border province, by drawing upon data from survey questionnaires, reflective essays, interviews, and field observations. The findings suggest a transitional diglossic relationship in which Central Thai is the High and phasa isan the Low variety. These relationships are discussed in terms of nationalism, social hierarchy, and language maintenance and shift.     

A materialist take on minoritization,emancipation, and language revitalization: Occitan sociolinguistics since the 1970s

This paper introduces and discusses Occitan sociolinguistics as it evolved from the 1970s onward as a theory of language contact as conflict. It was developed in conjunction with its Catalan counterpart and as a reaction to Joshua Fishman's allocational model of diglossia, and came as a response to conditions of swift social and linguistic change in Southern France after the Second World War. This model, proposed mainly at first by Robèrt Lafont in Montpelhièr, is strongly materialist in that it focuses on the material conditions of language production and replaces the language movement among other social struggles. This paper first explores the roots of the contemporary Occitan movement and its links with the birth of Occitan sociolinguistics. It then analyzes key concepts in Occitan sociolinguistics such as diglossic ideology as essential to understand processes of minoritization, linguistic alienation, and social domination. Finally, it looks at how this approach conceptualizes language revitalization not as a linguistic issue but as a social one and suggests that Occitan sociolinguistics provides an alternative to models of language loss and revival rooted in cultural and identity politics.     

中国社会的双语现象浅析

双语现象是人类社会发展变化的产物,是社会发展不同阶段的标识。因此,与双语现象有关的术语,如双语式、双言式和双体式是不容混淆的。此外,双语式的分类和习得过程也是双语研究的要点。     

双言背景下凉山彝区初中生英语学习现状及影响因素探讨 ——四川省普格县民族初级中学为例

四川省凉山彝族自治州是彝族最大聚居地,受当地经济条件、教学设施、思维模式等诸多因素影响,彝族学生英语学习相 对滞后,在英语学习过程中也面临着“双言现象”即彝语与中文并行的特殊问题。随着全国各地课程改革的稳健推进,少数民 族地区也紧随课改步伐,结合民族特殊开展相应改革。各方因素造成了彝族地区教学水平落后,使得当地教学难以达到课程 目标要求。鉴于此,对四川省普格县民族初级中学进行问卷调查研究,并对各年级英语老师进行访谈,发现教育环境、人文环 境、三语环境和教材固化等因素造成彝区英语教学水平落后,进而提出改进教学理念、创新教学方法、优化教学环境和促进英 语教材本土化以促进彝区初中英语教学水平的提高。     

四川客家的双言现象

闽粤赣客家人在明末清初＂湖广填四川＂的移民浪潮中入蜀并把客家方言带到了四川,历经三百年后,在成都、隆昌、西昌、仪陇几地客家人聚居的地方,还保留着客家方言。四川各地的客家人不只使用客家方言,还使用当地的官话,使用双方言进行交际是四川客家人比较普遍的语言生活方式。从对调查问卷的分析看出,四川客家人的聚居方式、语言态度与语言习惯、通婚方式等因素对四川客家的双言现象都带来了影响,但四川客家的双言现象有发生转用四川官话的趋势。     

辨析“双言”和“双语”的异同

双语在中国一直是个热门而敏感的话题,有些地区和人们往往误解了国家推行的双语制和双语教育,缘于他们对双语缺乏的了解。通过双言和双语的异同进行分析,让国人更好的了解”双言”和“双语”异同,从真正意义上体会国家实行双语制和双语教育的目的和苦心。