A simple procedure for the selection of significant effects

Summary.  Given a large number of test statistics, a small proportion of which represent departures from the relevant null hypothesis, a simple rule is given for choosing those statistics that are indicative of departure. It is based on fitting by moments a mixture model to the set of test statistics and then deriving an estimated likelihood ratio. Simulation suggests that the procedure has good properties when the departure from an overall null hypothesis is not too small.     

网络环境下的学习模式探索

教育模式是教育观念、教育思想、教与学理论的集中体现,网络的出现为学习者提供了适应个性化需求的自主学习的机会,建立满足不同学生需要的网络学习模式,是网络教学的当务之急。     

卡伯拉尔远航印度意义初探

1500-1501年卡伯拉尔率葡萄牙舰队远航印度,堪称地理大发现第一阶段仅次于三大航行的第四大航行。这次远航经过了欧美非亚四大洲,往返行程5.5万公里。卡伯拉尔远航开创了发现、殖民南美大陆和巴西的进程,重新发现了世界第四大岛马达加斯加。从此葡萄牙人在印度辟建商站立足插手,创建商业殖民帝国;同时开始在印度洋上打击摩尔人—穆斯林,由此开辟了反击反包围摩尔人—穆斯林的新战线,实现了当初的一个战略意图,问鼎印度洋霸权。     

铁凝小说对人的"存在"的追问

文章通过分析铁凝的小说《哦，香雪》、《棉花垛》、《永远有多远》、《秀色》、《安德列的晚上》、《树下》等对人的“存在”的发现和追问，试图寻找这位女性作家作品里的某些欠缺，而对其作品所展示的艺术表现力和概括力也予以充分肯定。     

家族式企业裂解动因的制度分析

我国家族企业“富不过三代”现象引起了人们的极大关注。笔者认为,家族式企业裂解的制度原因在于产权制度的排他性、委托代理的高风险性以及人才选拔的制度封闭性。     

A modified false discovery rate multiple-comparisons procedure for discrete data, applied to human immunodeficiency virus genetics

Summary.  To help to design vaccines for acquired immune deficiency syndrome that protect broadly against many genetic variants of the human immunodeficiency virus, the mutation rates at 118 positions in HIV amino-acid sequences of subtype C versus those of subtype B were compared. The false discovery rate (FDR) multiple-comparisons procedure can be used to determine statistical significance. When the test statistics have discrete distributions, the FDR procedure can be made more powerful by a simple modification. The paper develops a modified FDR procedure for discrete data and applies it to the human immunodeficiency virus data. The new procedure detects 15 positions with significantly different mutation rates compared with 11 that are detected by the original FDR method. Simulations delineate conditions under which the modified FDR procedure confers large gains in power over the original technique. In general FDR adjustment methods can be improved for discrete data by incorporating the modification proposed.     

Confidence distributions applied to propagating uncertainty to inference based on estimating the local false discovery rate: A fiducial continuum from confidence sets to empirical Bayes set estimates as the number of comparisons increases

Empirical Bayes estimates of the local false discovery rate can reflect uncertainty about the estimated prior by supplementing their Bayesian posterior probabilities with confidence levels as posterior probabilities. This use of coherent fiducial inference with hierarchical models generates set estimators that propagate uncertainty to varying degrees. Some of the set estimates approach estimates from plug-in empirical Bayes methods for high numbers of comparisons and can come close to the usual confidence sets given a sufficiently low number of comparisons.     

重温马克思两大发现的诞生及其关系——对目前《资本论》研究中一种倾向的辩诘

在否认剩余价值理论科学性的同时承认唯物史观,是当下《资本论》研究中的一种重要倾向。要分析这种倾向就得重温马克思两大发现的诞生及其关系。马克思通过政治经济学研究得到了其第一个科学发现,即被称为唯物史观的＂人类历史的发展规律＂;在这个发现的指导下,马克思进一步研究政治经济学而作出了第二个科学发现,即以剩余价值理论为基础的＂资产阶级社会的特殊的运动规律＂;第二个发现对第一个发现又起到了证成作用。因而这两个科学发现之间是普遍性与特殊性的关系,而不是哲学与科学的关系,也不是两种哲学的关系。脱离剩余价值理论的唯物史观与脱离唯物史观的剩余价值理论一样,都是不能成立的。     

Uncovering the Mystery of How Users Find and Use eBooks through Guerilla Usability Testing

Abstract

This case study focuses on user research that was conducted to enhance our users’ ebook discovery experience. We took an outward-facing approach by seeking the users’ perspectives. We wanted to know: How do users find ebooks? How do they perceive multiple records for the same title? Would users find additional metadata useful, such as download availability, file format, and chapter titles? We coordinated guerilla usability testing in our library lobby, inspired by low-overhead, high-impact user experience work at other academic libraries. The resulting data gave us a much-needed new perspective of ebook usage that supplements what we already know from our day-to-day work.