Negotiating Accessibility for Electronic Resources

Abstract

Accessibility of library electronic resources is a must. Its importance derives from professional ethics of librarianship, rising total costs of acquisition, and mounting legal challenges to colleges and universities that fail to provide resources accessible to users with disabilities. Library staff are responsible for ensuring the accessibility of vendor-licensed eresources. This column reviews the accessibility clauses of nine model license agreements for electronic resources. It describes terms that should go into an optimal accessibility clause and creates a composite model clause. It also provides guidance for library staff seeking to negotiate stronger accessibility language into vendor license agreements. Finally, it addresses the impact of accommodation requests on the total cost of acquiring library eresources, concluding with a call to redouble efforts to advocate for greater accessibility and educate both vendors and library staff about its importance.     

A Graphical Tool for Interpreting Regression Coefficients of Trinomial Logit Models

Multinomial logit (also termed multi-logit) models permit the analysis of the statistical relation between a categorical response variable and a set of explicative variables (called covariates or regressors). Although multinomial logit is widely used in both the social and economic sciences, the interpretation of regression coefficients may be tricky, as the effect of covariates on the probability distribution of the response variable is nonconstant and difficult to quantify. The ternary plots illustrated in this article aim at facilitating the interpretation of regression coefficients and permit the effect of covariates (either singularly or jointly considered) on the probability distribution of the dependent variable to be quantified. Ternary plots can be drawn both for ordered and for unordered categorical dependent variables, when the number of possible outcomes equals three (trinomial response variable); these plots allow not only to represent the covariate effects over the whole parameter space of the dependent variable but also to compare the covariate effects of any given individual profile. The method is illustrated and discussed through analysis of a dataset concerning the transition of master’s graduates of the University of Trento (Italy) from university to employment.     

阿兰·奈斯论深层生态学的哲学基础

在阿兰·奈斯看来 ,深层生态学既是一种社会思潮 ,又是以这种思潮为指导的一场旨在改变现行实践模式的社会运动。作为一种社会思潮 ,它是一个由一系列基本原理构成的演绎性的逻辑体系。奈斯认为 ,深层生态学的理论内核是八大原理 ,而在其背后 ,还有更为基本的前提与终极规范 ,即各种生态智慧。而奈斯本人的生态智慧的终极规范是 (大 )自我实现     

评几种错误的人生追求

把追求金钱、享乐、权力作为人生的目的 ,是错误的人生追求。利己主义是剥削阶级人生目的的核心。无产阶级的人生目的是为人民。由“为自己”到“为人民” ,这是人类历史上人生目的的革命变革。遵循马克思主义“为绝大多数人谋利益”的基本原理 ,中共三代领导人对无产阶级人生目的作了精辟表述。通过学习和践履马列主义和毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民关于人生目的的论述 ,必然会破除种种错误的人生目的和人生追求 ,确立全心全意为人民服务的无产阶级人生目的和人生追求。     

Empirical likelihood confidence intervals for the mean of a population containing many zero values

If a population contains many zero values and the sample size is not very large, the traditional normal approximation‐based confidence intervals for the population mean may have poor coverage probabilities. This problem is substantially reduced by constructing parametric likelihood ratio intervals when an appropriate mixture model can be found. In the context of survey sampling, however, there is a general preference for making minimal assumptions about the population under study. The authors have therefore investigated the coverage properties of nonparametric empirical likelihood confidence intervals for the population mean. They show that under a variety of hypothetical populations, these intervals often outperformed parametric likelihood intervals by having more balanced coverage rates and larger lower bounds. The authors illustrate their methodology using data from the Canadian Labour Force Survey for the year 2000.     

“请”字用法汉英对比的语用分析

迁移是语际语用学和二语习得研究领域的重要范畴。现回顾迁移的相关理论,并考察请字在汉英两种语言里的用法及其异同点。并指出母语与知识对目的语表达的牵制作用、对母语句式或用法的泛化以及语言表达背后的社会价值观是造成语用负迁移的重要原因。     

索绪尔的符号理论解读

索绪尔是瑞士的著名语言学家,欧洲符号学派的创始人。他的符号学理论主要关注的是符号自身和各个符号之间的关系。语言符号单位不是一个事物,也不是一个名称,而是一个概念和音像,是一个两面化的心理统一体。符号可以分为肖像性关系和任意性关系两种。符号之间的关系呈水平的序列关系和垂直的联想关系。这种水平关系和垂直关系共同构成了符号的两个基本轴向。伴随着这两个轴向而组织起来的符号就产生了"序列"和"类群"。     

论文学理论中命名的意义和合法性

命名是文学理论阐释过程的一个重要环节,也是文学理论工作者必须正确认识和认真把握的一项内容。命名不仅要具有认知功能,还要具有价值功能,并在此基础上寻求自身的合法性。     

Statistical and Combinatorial Aspects of Comparative Genomics*

Abstract. This document presents a survey of the statistical and combinatorial aspects of four areas of comparative genomics: gene order based measures of evolutionary distances between species, construction of phylogenetic trees, detection of horizontal transfer of genes, and detection of ancient whole genome duplications.