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1.
The socio-economic literature has focused much on how overall inequality in income distribution (frequently measured by the Gini coefficient) undermines the “trickle down” effect. In other words, the higher the inequality in the income distribution, the lower is the growth elasticity of poverty. However, with the publication of Piketty’s magnum opus (2014), and a subsequent study by Chancel and Piketty (2017) of evolution of income inequality in India since 1922, the focus has shifted to the income disparity between the richest 1% (or 0.01%) and the bottom 50%. Their central argument is that the rapid growth of income at the top end of millionaires and billionaires is a by-product of growth. The present study extends this argument by linking it to poverty indices in India. Based on the India Human Development Survey 2005–12 – a nationwide panel survey-we examine the links between poverty and income inequality, especially in the upper tail relative to the bottom 50%, state affluence (measured in per capita income) and their interaction or their joint effect. Another feature of our research is that we analyse their effects on the FGT class of poverty indices. The results are similar in as much as direction of association is concerned but the elasticities vary with the poverty index. The growth elasticities are negative and significant for all poverty indices. In all three cases, the disparity between the income share of the top 1% and share of the bottom 50% is associated with greater poverty. These elasticities are much higher than the (absolute) income elasticities except in the case of the poverty gap. The largest increase occurs in the poverty gap squared – a 1% greater income disparity is associated with a 1.24% higher value of this index. Thus the consequences of even a small increase in the income disparity are alarming for the poorest. 相似文献
2.
Eileen Trzcinski 《Journal of Family and Economic Issues》2002,23(4):339-359
This study was undertaken to determine how middle school children assess the effects of welfare reform on their daily lives. The study consisted of thirty interviews with children and their mothers recruited from a middle school in a large, metropolitan area. From the children's perspective, multiple jobs and evening/night hours interfered with the child-parent relationship. Other consequences included grades going down and not getting to school on time. All the children stated that mothers should work, but most children felt mothers should only work when their children are in school. Welfare and poverty were issues about which children were teased at school. 相似文献
3.
Aya Ezawa 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》2002,11(4):279-291
Since the mid-1990s, homelessness has become a major issue of public discussion in Japan, and is often viewed as a new social problem facing Japanese society. The issue of homelessness contrasts images of the absence of poverty and homelessness in postwar Japan, often explained based on the unique features of Japanese-style employment and welfare, containing poverty and unemployment. This paper contrasts these views with a perspective on the continuity of poverty, and homelessness in postwar Japan. Specifically, I discuss the characteristics of homelessness in Tokyo, how they relate to the structure of the economy and employment practices, and how the problems of today's homeless are accommodated in the welfare system. I argue that the homeless cast light on patterns of loss of employment, housing, and means of subsistence, characteristic to Japan's economy and welfare system, and contribute to a new understanding of the dynamics of poverty in contemporary Japan. 相似文献
4.
改革开放以来,我国人口较少民族在各方面得到了巨大的发展,然而,由于粗放式发展、自然环境、历史等方面的原因,我国人口较少民族少数地区仍至今存在着不同程度的贫困问题,影响了小康社会的全面实现。本文即围绕我国人口较少民族的部分特殊性,以科学发展观为指导,探讨在新的历史时期我国人口较少民族的扶贫开发对策。 相似文献
5.
中国加入世贸组织 ,标志着我国对外开放进入了一个新阶段 ,对正处于急速发展中的我国经济、政治、文化、国际地位等诸多方面都将产生深刻的影响 ,同时也会影响到我们正在强化中的党风廉政建设和反腐败工作 ,我们应抓住入世的有利时机 ,进一步加大从源头上预防和治理腐败工作的力度 ,铲除腐败现象蔓延的土壤和条件 相似文献
6.
盛大铨 《南京邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2002,4(1):12-17
探讨预期违约与不安抗辩制度的渊源和特征 ,比较研究两种制度的法律内涵 ,指出预期违约与不安抗辩制度相互独立 ,不可替代 ,各有优劣。分析《中华人民共和国合同法》所确立的预期违约与不安抗辩制度 ,是在借鉴吸收国外立法经验基础上的历史性突破 ,标志着我国合同制度的进一步完善 相似文献
7.
Bram Thuysbaert 《Journal of Economic Inequality》2008,6(1):33-55
Empirical applications of poverty measurement often have to deal with a stochastic weighting variable such as household size.
Within the framework of a bivariate distribution function defined over income and weight, I derive the limiting distributions
of the decomposable poverty measures and of the ordinates of stochastic dominance curves. The poverty line is allowed to depend
on the income distribution. It is shown how the results can be used to test hypotheses concerning changes in poverty. The
inference procedures are briefly illustrated using Belgian data.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
8.
当代中国农村扶贫开发的历史经验 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
当代中国农村扶贫开发的历史经验主要是:一、制定符合国情的贫困标准,明确扶贫开发的具体帮扶对象;二、坚持开发式扶贫,把解决贫困问题与对贫困地区进行全面开发结合起来;三、坚持政府主导,广泛动员和组织全社会力量参与扶贫开发;四、积极开展与国际社会在扶贫开发领域中的交流与合作;五、高度重视和充分发挥科技教育在扶贫开发中的重要作用。 相似文献
9.
The Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Many authors have insisted on the necessity of defining poverty as a multidimensional concept rather than relying on income or consumption expenditures per capita. Yet, not much has actually been done to include the various dimensions of deprivation into the practical definition and measurement of poverty. Existing attempts along that direction consist of aggregating various attributes into a single index through some arbitrary function and defining a poverty line and associated poverty measures on the basis of that index. This is merely redefining more generally the concept of poverty, which then essentially remains a one dimensional concept. The present paper suggests that an alternative way to take into account the multi-dimensionality of poverty is to specify a poverty line for each dimension of poverty and to consider that a person is poor if he/she falls below at least one of these various lines. The paper then explores how to combine these various poverty lines and associated one-dimensional gaps into multidimensional poverty measures. An application of these measures to the rural population in Brazil is also given with poverty defined on income and education. 相似文献
10.
郝黎 《青岛科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2003,19(4):75-79
平卢淄青镇是唐代的一个重要藩镇,它的建立、灭亡及内部环境都呈现出一定特色:它是由原平卢军南下青齐地区而建,内部稳定,而迅速败亡的原因主要是人民反对割据。 相似文献