Coalition for a Healthier Community: Lessons learned and implications for future work

The Coalition for a Healthier Community (CHC) initiative was implemented to improve the health and well-being of women and girls. Underpinning CHC is a gender-based focus that uses a network of community partners working collaboratively to generate relevant behavior change and improved health outcomes. Ten programs are trying to determine whether gender-focused system approaches are cost-effective ways to address health disparities in women and girls. Programs implemented through coalitions made up of academic institutions, public health departments, community-based organizations, and local, regional, and national organizations, are addressing health issues such as domestic violence, cardiovascular disease prevention, physical activity, and healthy eating. Although these programs are ongoing, they have made significant progress. Key factors contributing to their early success include a comprehensive needs assessment, robust coalitions, the diversity of populations targeted, programs based on findings of the needs assessments, evaluations taking into consideration the effect of gender, and strong academic–community partnerships. A noteworthy impact of these programs has been their ability to shape and impact public, social, and health policies at the state and local levels. However, there have been challenges associated with the implementation of such a complex program. Lessons learned are discussed in this paper.     

Does a universal non-contributory social pension make sense for rural China?

China’s pension reform during the past three decades has allowed a majority of China’s population to be covered by a pension scheme. Of particular note has been the New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), a voluntary programme introduced starting in 2009. One goal of our analysis is to assess that pension scheme, using a variety of sources of information including data drawn from recent (2013 and 2015) nationwide China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Surveys (CHARLS). Our analysis involves an exploration of differences between the generosity and structure of the NRPS and other pension schemes currently in place. We also explore the feasibility of reforming the current “quasi-social pension” component of the NRPS by substituting a universal non-contributory social pension pillar. In connection with our assessment of the NRPS, we note the unusually low benefit levels for rural China.     

湖北省乡镇企业1978—2002年发展概况、问题及对策研究

1978～2002年,湖北省乡镇企业在企业单位数量、对经济增长贡献及转移农村剩余劳动力等方面对该省经济产生了重要的推动作用。然而,随着市场经济体制的深入发展和不断完善,乡镇企业发展也遇到了前所未有的困难。本文在深入分析当前乡镇企业所面临的问题基础上,提出了乡镇企业未来发展的战略对策。     

中国旅游开发投融资实践及走向

中国旅游业正成为国民经济新兴产业,中国旅游业正经历由亚洲旅游大国向2020年成为世界旅游强国转变的艰难跨越。这一跨越需要巨大的旅游投资来推动和实现。     

医院融资方式改革刍议

从国外医院管理的经验与国内医院的发展现状及目前面临的问题来看 ,大规模的医疗服务要素重组形成集团化运作 ,与医院的资本运营是一种必然趋势。经过 2 0多年的卫生改革 ,医院的融资主渠道已经是市场而不是政府财政 ,医院产权制度的改革也已经拉开帷幕 ,医院资本运营的条件与环境正在逐步形成。本文系统阐明了在深化医院管理模式与融资机制的改革中引入资本运营的必要性 ,同时 ,以资本运营的基本模式阐述了资本运营的基本原理与方法 ,以助于医院资本运营的发展。     

论英语语言课程设计中的需求分析

界定需求要从目标和目的两个方面进行,这两个方面是我们发展测试、材料、教学活动、评价策略的基础。因此需求分析是语言课程建设不可分割的一部分。本文重点介绍了英语语言课程设计中需求分析的方法及步骤。目的在于强调需求分析的重要性,以及需求分析对于教师改进教学方法、提高教学效果、提高学生学习的主动性和积极性的重要意义。     

债务融资、债务结构与公司过度投资行为——来自我国上市公司的经验证据

文章以我国A股市场上市公司为研究对象,实证研究了债务融资对过度投资行为的抑制作用.研究发现:我国上市公司普遍存在着严重的过度投资现象,债务融资及其构成特征整体上并未对公司的过度投资行为起到抑制作用.通过进一步按最终控制人性质分组检验发现,债务融资比例与银行借款在国有控股公司不但没起到抑制过度投资行为的作用,反而还恶化了公司的过度投资行为,债务融资比例与银行借款在非国有控股公司中起到了制约过度投资的作用,商业信用和长短期债务在国有与非国有控股公司中仍没起到制约公司过度投资行为的作用.     

Household strategies in the face of resource scarcity in coastal Ghana: are they associated with development priorities?

In many developing regions, women and young girls spend several hours daily in the collection of natural resources. Still the link between these household resource strategies and stakeholder perceptions of development priorities remains unexplored. This project examines this association with survey data representative of the adult population from Ghana’s Coastal Region. Although natural resource scarcity and the sustainability of resource use represent key development challenges, there are others (e.g., energy, sanitation, employment, and educational opportunities). As such, even in the face of natural resource scarcity, individuals may place greater importance on other dimensions of development, especially if household resource strategies are perceived as relatively efficient. The analytical focus here is on water and the results suggest that gender roles shape household water collection strategies, while also shaping these strategies’ perceived opportunity costs. Specifically, Ghanian adults more often see drinking water provision as their primary development need when water sources are distant and/or when male household members collect water (particularly male heads). In the end, I argue that social science inquiry benefits by contextualizing social dynamics within environmental context, particularly within cultural settings in which human subsistence is intimately tied to the state of the natural environment.     

民营经济的资金需求：陕西个案研究

在对陕西4个地市进行调研的基础上,估算了该省民营经济的资金需求总量,并分析了其资金需求的结构。结果表明,民营经济的资金存在需求总量难以满足和供求结构失衡的矛盾,在目前国有金融体系支持有限的情况下,民营经济对民间资本产生了强烈的需求。因此解决民营经济融资困境的出路在于有效搭建民间资本投入到民营经济的桥梁和通道。     

集体企业员工需要特征及激励策略

根据需要及其理论 ,探讨了集体企业员工需要的特征 ,提出了调动集体企业员工积极性的相应原则和具体方法与途径。