试析孙犁解放区时期小说创作中对苦难的消解

孙犁是解放区重要作家,时代生活赐予他的浪漫激情、故乡所给予他的美好气息、他自身细致敏感的性格特点,构成了孙犁解放区时期小说独特的艺术风格.文章从景物描写、人情记述以及诗化语言三方面探寻孙犁小说中对苦难消解的多元方式.     

《尘埃落定》中的英雄主题阐释

文章从《尘埃落定》的史诗题材和史诗风格入手,通过《格萨尔王传》与《尘埃落定》的比较,阐释了《尘埃落定》所体现出来的弃子身世、成长与业绩、难题考验、英雄之死等英雄主题,注解凝结在作家内心深处的英雄情结。     

毛泽东对中国社会主义建设道路探索的贡献

1956年"三大改造"完成后,社会主义制度在我国基本确立,以毛泽东为核心的第一代领导集体对中国社会主义建设道路进行了艰辛的探索,有成功的经验,也有失败的教训,都为我们留下了宝贵的精神财富,毛泽东对我国社会主义建设事业发展的历史贡献是不可磨灭的.毛泽东是中国社会主义建设道路的艰辛开拓者和理论奠基人.毛泽东是开创中国社会主义道路的先驱.     

新闻人的人文关怀

新闻人作为社会公正的承当者,历来都是"以天下为己任"的,可随着大众传媒的新闻浪潮的"波澜壮阔",这种信念受到强劲的挑战。一种取向是以大众的话语权为神话,另一种是对大众作无聊和贫乏的拼命填充。新闻人人文关怀的失落由此表现在人文理性与人文激情的双重淡薄。这实际上是生命感的麻木,是人格的卑琐怯懦、精神的萎缩软化。     

Prevalence and economic well-being of families raising multiple children with disabilities

This study estimates the prevalence of households raising more than one child with disabilities, and examines these families' economic well-being. Using pooled data from the 2004 and 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation we compare households with multiple children with disabilities (n = 932) to households with one disable child (n = 3457) and to households with at least one child but none with disabilities (n = 21,378) on measures of material hardship. Three percent of U.S. households with children had more than one disabled child. Compared to other households with children, those with multiple children with disabilities were significantly more likely to have income below the federal poverty level and to report material hardships. The number of children with disabilities is an important contextual variable for studying the economic circumstances under which, care is provided to children with disabilities. Its implications for practice and policy are discussed.     

Immigrant households and hardships after welfare reform: a case study of the Miami-Dade Haitian community

Compared with other nations such as Canada and Australia, the US experiment with welfare reform has yielded steeper and more immediate caseload declines. These declines have been especially pronounced for immigrants who have been subject to a new set of service restrictions implemented under the 1996 Welfare Reform Act. This article examines service access for Haitian immigrants in Miami, Florida since the onset of these reforms. The data presented here are derived from a series of qualitative interviews with Haitian service professionals and a quantitative survey of Haitian immigrant households. The survey data indicate that many Haitians who are living in poverty and qualified to access services are not enrolled for government services. Confusion over eligibility guidelines explains some of the variation of these low enrolments for specific services (such as child health insurance and childcare) but not for services most commonly used by immigrant adults such as food stamps and Medicaid. The survey also demonstrates that qualified immigrants living in households with unqualified persons are less likely to access services than are other qualified immigrants and are more likely to experience hardships that impede their ability to find stable employment. The concluding discussion highlights the significance of using a household unit of measure in assessing immigrant enrolments and hardships.     

Economic self-sufficiency and the employment outcomes of care leavers: A 10-year follow up

Gaining employment and reaching a stable and self-sufficient livelihood are essential life tasks, especially for young people ageing out of public care. This longitudinal study followed alumni of welfare and educational residential care settings in Israel for 10 years after leaving care. Here, we describe care leavers' employment and economic self-sufficiency outcomes and examine differences over time in their experiences. They were interviewed at the age of 19, 1-year post-care (N = 235), 3 years later (N = 222) and 10 years after ageing out (N = 151). Results paint a mixed picture. While the majority of participants were employed, many in stable jobs, their wages were low even as they grow older. At the same time, they experienced significant economic hardships. For some, economic hardship decreased with time, but for others it remained a cause for concern. Our findings highlight the inherent dependency between experiences at different life stages and suggest that providing more support to care leavers would improve their economic outcomes.     

The multifaceted nature of poverty and differential trajectories of health among children

The relationships between poverty and children’s health have been well documented, but the diverse and dynamic nature of poverty has not been thoroughly explored. Drawing on cumulative disadvantage and human capital theory, we examined to what extent the duration and depth of poverty, as well as the level of material hardship, affected changes in physical health among children over time. Data came from eight waves of the Korea Welfare Panel Study between 2006 and 2013. Using children who were under age 10 at baseline (N?=?1657, Observations?=?13,256), we conducted random coefficient regression in a multilevel growth curve framework to examine poverty group differences in intra-individual change in health status. Results showed that chronically poor children were most likely to have poor health. Children in households located far below the poverty line were most likely to be in poor health at baseline, while near-poor children’s health got significantly worse over time. Material hardship also had a significant impact on child health.     

贫困生的生活困境及其应对策略--兼论发展性资助支持体系的构建

贫困生的大学生活特征及其应对贫困的策略是发展性资助支持体系构建的基础。通过对14位贫困大学生的访谈发现：贫困生的大学生活不仅有经济的压力,还有非经济的压力和发展的限制;而内倾、反思和参与是贫困生应对困顿生活的基本策略,与此相应的是贫困生走出困顿的3个阶段。基于这一发现,认为发展性资助支持体系的构建应对贫困生的大学生活持有综合的视角,同时要与贫困生的应对策略相切合。     

李清照咏花词情感探微

李清照词中咏花词占有一定比重。在咏花词中所反映的情感变化，与当时政治时局的变化密不可分，同时也反映了女词人高标凌世、乱世挺拔的性格特点；而咏花词中浸通分的那种青春美、别情美、沧桑美，别表现出了一种别样的审美情趣。