听证在公共政策选择中的作用

听证是现代公共决策的重要程序,对于促进和实现公共决策科学化、民主化和法制化具有重要意义.在政策选择中引入听证程序不仅可以有效抑制和防止政府自利性,解决政策制定中的信息不对称问题,而且可以广纳民意、争取民心,增强政策选择的合法性和有效性.     

Assessing accuracy of a continuous screening test in the presence of verification bias

Summary.  In studies to assess the accuracy of a screening test, often definitive disease assessment is too invasive or expensive to be ascertained on all the study subjects. Although it may be more ethical or cost effective to ascertain the true disease status with a higher rate in study subjects where the screening test or additional information is suggestive of disease, estimates of accuracy can be biased in a study with such a design. This bias is known as verification bias. Verification bias correction methods that accommodate screening tests with binary or ordinal responses have been developed; however, no verification bias correction methods exist for tests with continuous results. We propose and compare imputation and reweighting bias-corrected estimators of true and false positive rates, receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for continuous tests. Distribution theory and simulation studies are used to compare the proposed estimators with respect to bias, relative efficiency and robustness to model misspecification. The bias correction estimators proposed are applied to data from a study of screening tests for neonatal hearing loss.     

论审理医疗纠纷案件对美国法庭“专家证人制度”的借鉴——由中美两个案例比较谈起

近阶段,医疗纠纷冲突凸显,大量的矛盾往往最终汇集到法院。而审理医疗纠纷案件时,法官面临诸多法律困境,尤其是科学证据的采纳问题。分析认为,借鉴美国"专家证人"制度,人民法院应设立"专家辅助人",可以较为有效地解决这些问题。     

圆明园整治工程环境影响听证会组织环节之分析

作为首次公众参与的圆明园整治工程环境影响听证会为人称道,但其各个组织环节尚有改进的空间。结合国家环境保护总局的相关规定,至少可以朝以下方面改进：摈弃听证会启动权的随意性、听证会前后信息公开的全面化和制度化、代表选取的透明与公正、主持人选任的中立性、议题与论辩的集中与简洁、会场纪律惩戒的施行等。各环节应以公平、公正、公开为指导原则。     

Power To Our Journeys: Re‐membering Michael

The following personal reflections are in honour of Michael and all that he contributed to our lives. And, we honour Brigitte a key member of the group who died in 2006. Mem, Sue and Veronica, December 2008.     

抽象行政行为听证程序之适用

目前我国听证制度的适用范围较狭窄 ,特别是在中国加入 WTO后 ,更进一步暴露出其狭窄的听证范围与世贸规则的不协调。因此 ,有必要将听证程序的适用扩展至抽象行政行为 ,并对其适用的原则和范围予以具体规定。文章对抽象行政行为之听证程序的立法原则及其听证范围应包含的内容作出分析与论证 ,试图通过初步的探讨提出有参考价值的建议。     

行政处罚听证基本原则之解析

行政行为具有单方意志性特征,容易对当事人利益造成损害,因此其实施必须遵循一定的制度要求。而听证作为行政处罚制度的重要内容,对于防止行政机关滥用职权,加强当事人参与程度,保护公民合法权益,提高行政效率起到了积极作用。我国虽然已经建立了听证制度．但从目前来看,还有很多不足,因此必须从完善行证处罚听证基本原则入手,来重构我国行政处罚听证制度。     

适应时代发展需要 改革专业英语教学

中国加入WTO后,专业英语人才日显不足,具有专业英语口头运用能力的专业人才更是奇缺,而我国大多数大专院校的专业英语教学目前仍停留在以阅读为主的传统模式上.文章认为必须尽快改变这一现状,指出专业英语教学的主要任务应根据形势的要求把培养学生专业英语的听说能力放在首要地位.文章还根据作者两年来的研究和实践详细介绍了一套行之有效的提高学生专业英语听说能力的方法.     

我国行政许可实施听证相关制度评析

行政听证是法治国家普遍采用的一种制度,对规制行政权力、保护公民权利具有重要作用,是行政程序的棱心。长期以来,我国行政听证立法及实践均显不足,《行政许可法》有重要突破却条文疏简,可操作性不强,留下了一些认识上的盲区。对我国行政许可实施听证相关制度需要运用一般行政法原理予以解读。     

Forensic Evaluation of Deaf Individuals: Challenges and Strategies

ABSTRACT

Forensic evaluation of deaf individuals presents unique challenges due to many examinees’ fund of information deficits, potential for language deprivation, and examiners’ frequent lack of creativity regarding communication methods. This article describes challenges most frequently encountered in competency to stand trial and criminal responsibility evaluations and offers strategies for overcoming them. The value of employing multiple communication methods, especially the use of illustrations, is emphasized. Suggestions also are offered regarding preparing evaluation reports and effectively communicating “key deaf fundamentals” to legal personnel. Encouragement is offered for qualified, sign-fluent professionals to engage in forensic work.