基于RFID技术的双供应链投资决策研究

本文考虑零售商主导的分别由一个供应商和一个零售商组成的两条竞争型供应链中,当两个供应商都未投资RFID技术、只有一个供应商投资RFID技术以及两个供应商同时投资RFID技术时,考虑供应商成本结构的差异,对比分析供应链的投资决策。由于模型解析解过于复杂,本文通过算例分析,着重考虑产品的替代率、RFID标签价格以及库存可获得率三个因素对供应链成员利润的影响。结果表明两条供应链对RFID技术的投资决策会因成本结构和产品替代率的不同而发生变化,其中在两个供应商生产成本差异较大且产品竞争强度较低时,生产成本较高的供应商更愿意投资RFID技术,而生产成本较低的供应商不愿意投资RFID技术,两个零售商则希望使用RFID技术,所以此时仅会有一条供应链上的成员达成一致,决定投资使用RFID技术。     

Generalized Kerridge’s inaccuracy measure for conditionally specified models

Recently, conditional Renyi’s divergence of order α and Kerridge’s inaccuracy measures are studied by Navarro et al. (2014 Navarro, J., Sunoj, S.M., Linu, M.N. (2014). Characterizations of bivariate models using some dynamic conditional information divergence measures. Commun. Stat. Theory Methods 43:1939–1948.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). In the present article, a generalized dynamic conditional Kerridge’s inaccuracy measure is introduced, which can be represented as the sum of conditional Renyi’s divergence and Renyi’s entropy. Some useful bounds are obtained using the concept of likelihood ratio order. The results are extended to weighted distributions. Sufficient conditions are obtained for the monotonicity of the proposed measure. Characterizations for bivariate exponential conditional distribution are presented based on the proposed measure.     

论生产、销售伪劣产品罪立法不严密性

作为关乎国民生命和财产安全的法律,刑法不仅要满足稳定性,同时也要具有最大程度的严密性。所谓最大程度的严密性指的是刑事立法必须综合考虑其他领域的基本原理,做到没有疏漏,使公平的精神渗透到立法的每一个细节之中。然而我国现行刑法在生产、销售伪劣产品罪的立法规定上没有准确区分生产者和销售者之间的差异性以及不同地区和不同时代的犯罪人危害程度的大小,从而使本罪缺乏严密性。     

RFID‐Enabled Visibility and Retail Inventory Record Inaccuracy: Experiments in the Field

Accurate inventory records are key to effective store execution, affecting forecasting, ordering, and replenishment. Prior empirical research, however, shows that retailer inventory records are inherently inaccurate. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) enables visibility into the movement of inventories in the supply chain. Using two different field experiments, the current research investigates the effectiveness of this visibility in reducing retail store inventory record inaccuracy (IRI). Study 1 used an interrupted time‐series design and involved daily physical counts of all products in one category in 13 stores (8 treatments and 5 controls) of a major global retailer over 23 weeks. Results indicate a significant decrease in IRI of approximately 26% due to RFID‐enabled visibility. Using an untreated control group design with pre‐test and post‐test, Study 2 expands the number of categories to five and the number of stores to 62 (31 treatment and 31 control stores). Results show that the effectiveness of RFID in reducing IRI varies by category (ranging from no statistically significant improvement to 81%). Results also suggest that RFID ameliorates the effects of known determinants of IRI and provide the key insight that the technology is most effective for product categories characterized by these determinants.     

An operative extension of the likelihood ratio test from fuzzy data

In the present paper we are going to extend the likelihood ratio test to the case in which the available experimental information involves fuzzy imprecision (more precisely, the observable events associated with the random experiment concerning the test may be characterized as fuzzy subsets of the sample space, as intended by Zadeh, 1965). In addition, we will approximate the immediate intractable extension, which is based on Zadeh’s probabilistic definition, by using the minimum inaccuracy principle of estimation from fuzzy data, that has been introduced in previous papers as an operative extension of the maximum likelihood method.     

从肯尼斯·伯克的认同说解读公益广告的和谐功能

＂认同＂是肯尼斯·伯克新修辞学理论中的一个重要观点。修辞话语采取三种方式达到交际双方的互相认同,即＂同情认同＂、＂对立认同＂与＂误同＂。公益广告修辞活动的主要方式是认同,即通过构建＂同一＂和＂同体＂与公众和社会进行互动,具有促进和谐社会的作用。     

Measures of inaccuracy in record values

In this paper , we consider a measure of inaccuracy between distributions of the nth record value and parent random variable. We also propose the measure of residual inaccuracy of record values and study characterization results of dynamic cumulative residual inaccuracy measure. We discuss some properties of the proposed measures.     

Inventory Record Inaccuracy,Double Marginalization,and RFID Adoption

Most retailers suffer from substantial discrepancies between inventory quantities recorded in the system and stocks truly available to customers. Promising full inventory transparency, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has often been suggested as a remedy to the problem. We consider inventory record inaccuracy in a supply chain model, where a Stackelberg manufacturer sets the wholesale price and a retailer determines how much to stock for sale to customers. We first analyze the impact of inventory record inaccuracy on optimal stocking decisions and profits. By contrasting optimal decisions in a decentralized supply chain with those in an integrated supply chain, we find that inventory record inaccuracy exacerbates the inefficiencies resulting from double marginalization in decentralized supply chains. Assuming RFID technology can eliminate the problem of inventory record inaccuracy, we determine the cost thresholds at which RFID adoption becomes profitable. We show that a decentralized supply chain benefits more from RFID technology, such that RFID adoption improves supply chain coordination.     

道义逻辑研究中值得注意的问题

规范命题的方阵理论最多是未被证明的假说 ;将“允许”作为权利性规范词 ,把“不可以P”等同于“不允许P”是规范方阵理论的两个误源 ;规范命题复合形式展开的正确与否 ,决定于是否准确把握规范词的含义和命题联结词的逻辑性质     

On generalized conditional cumulative residual inaccuracy measure

Abstract

Recently, the notion of cumulative residual Rényi’s entropy has been proposed in the literature as a measure of information that parallels Rényi’s entropy. Motivated by this, here we introduce a generalized measure of it, namely cumulative residual inaccuracy of order α. We study the proposed measure for conditionally specified models of two components having possibly different ages called generalized conditional cumulative residual inaccuracy measure. Several properties of generalized conditional cumulative residual inaccuracy measure including the effect of monotone transformation are investigated. Further, we provide some bounds on using the usual stochastic order and characterize some bivariate distributions using the concept of conditional proportional hazard rate model.