Optimal lot sizing under continuous price decrease

An important characteristic of high-tech industries is decreasing component prices over time. In the personal computer industry, some component prices decline at a rate of 1% per week. This paper develops an inventory model for products experiencing continuous decrease in unit price. We develop an accurate closed-form approximate solution to the model. Our results indicate that declining prices lead to substantial decrease in the optimal cycle time and much frequent ordering. This explains the heavy emphasis on just-in-time inventory management practiced by successful companies in high-tech industries. While previous models attributed the success of just-in-time policies to reduced holding cost and improved quality, under declining prices a substantial source of savings becomes lower costs of raw materials which is significant part of cost in these industries. We illustrate the results of the model with a numerical example and perform sensitivity analysis.     

教育史上的壮烈篇章--抗战时期武汉学校内迁纪实

文章回顾了抗战期间武汉各类学校分别迁往四川、云南、鄂西等地的艰难岁月,陈述了师生艰苦奋斗,共度时艰的事例,表现了师生在温饱不保的战乱环境中发愤工作、努力学习、宣传抗日救亡的民族精神.     

我国上市公司资本结构影响因素的行业分析

2000年上市公司按照行业可划分为6大行业,不同行业资本结构的影响因素各不相同,不同行业各自的特征决定了各行业自身的资本结构。     

中国软件企业进入国际市场之研究

进入 90年代以来 ,以美国企业为代表的软件制造行业获得了突飞猛进的发展 ,国际软件市场空前巨大 ,充满了机会和挑战。对于在软件行业中寻求生存与发展的企业来说 ,走向国际市场是一个必然的趋势。中国的软件企业要走向成功 ,必须具备两个要素 :一是拥有能够在国际市场拿到订单的市场营销队伍 ;二是拥有能够与国际客户进行沟通的项目经理队伍 ,并在公司的发展中 ,寻求未来在海外上市的机会     

论朝鲜半岛局势缓和所蕴含的商机——将威海发展成为东北亚转口贸易中心的构想

虽然朝鲜半岛的局势已趋缓和 ,但实现统一还相当遥远 ,而在北、南之间又难以开辟直接贸易的途径 ,这就为威海提供了机遇——作为朝、韩间接贸易的主要转口港 ,即类似目前香港在海峡两岸间所扮演的角色。通过转口贸易积累资金并带动相关产业的发展 ,可望把威海建成“北方香港”,并闯出一条依靠海向腹地发展和振兴港口城市的新路。     

发展高新技术应处理好的六大关系

高新技术的成长发育离不开风险投资以及政府、市场的引导 ,离不开基础研究与人力资源的开发 ,更需要引进大量的资金及国外的先进技术 ,同时其发展也与传统产业的提升有着密不可分的关系 ,因此发展高新技术产业应在妥善处理好这些关系上下功夫     

贵州省主导产业选择的投入产出分析

正确地选择主导产业对一个地区的经济发展有着至关重要的作用。本文以贵州省投入产出表为依据，运用投入产出分析方法，对地区主导产业的选择进行探讨，为贵州省产业结构调整和区域经济发展规划提供经济学意义的理论参考。     

我国产业间波及效应的探讨

从理论上来说,某一产业的变化会引起其它产业间的连锁反映。产业间的波及效应可以通过投入系数表来加以分析。通过实证分析,研究我国产业间波及效应的强弱,可以为国家制定产业政策、优化产业结构提供依据。     

陕西文化产业竞争力评价与分析

一、文化产业竞争力的定义国际竞争力评价权威机构WEF(世界经济论坛)和IMD(瑞士洛桑国际管理开发学院)认为:竞争力是指一个国家的企业和企业家设计、生产、销售产品和劳务的能力,其产品或劳务的价格和质量比竞争对手具有更大的市场吸引力,是企业家在适应、协调和驾驭外部环境的     

The Evolution of Knowledge and the Dynamics of an Industry Network

The paper moves a step forward in the direction of establishing a connection between the structure and evolution of knowledge bases and the structure and evolution of organizational forms in innovative activities in a science-intensive industry. The paper has an explicit focus on the dynamics of the network of collaborative agreements in R&D in the pharma/biotech industry after the “molecular biology revolution”. Using a comprehensive dataset, built by the authors integrating several sources in the industry, the dynamics of the network over time is extensively analyzed. With regards to network structure, it is found that, while the size of the network increases over time due to net flows of entry, its topological properties remain relatively unchanged. The evolution of the network has occurred without relevant deformations in the core-periphery profile. With regards to age-dependent propensity to collaborate, the paper finds that the extent of inter-generational collaboration is much more significant than intra-generational collaboration. In addition, the propensity of firms of a given generation to enter into collaboration with firms of a different generation increases with the distance between the two, while the total number of intra-generational collaborations decreases over time and, moreover, tends to decrease for most recent generations. In the paper a unitary and coherent explanation of the evidence is developed, coming to reveal the existence of a striking isomorphism between structural properties of the dynamics of knowledge and of the evolution of network structure. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.