Incumbent capability enhancement in response to radical innovations

Schumpeterian market disequilibrium marked by entrepreneurial entry and incumbent exit has long held an important place in management literature. The extant literature has overwhelmingly championed the newcomer, despite incumbents' obvious advantages in resources, experience and market knowledge. The current research provides evidence for the effectiveness of the incumbent's strategy of capability enhancement (along an established technological trajectory) while responding to radical technological innovations. We develop a cognitive process model that integrates managerial cognition with capability development and deployment views, depicting the dynamics of the incumbent's capability enhancement process. We analyze the cognitive drivers of organizational actions in all stages (rigidity, triggering event, and capability renewal) and elucidate the role of top management cognition in the processes of detecting and correcting errors in a strategic course of action. We ground our model in the case of a cork-stopper industry veteran's decline as corks ceded ground to screw tops and other stoppers in the wine industry. How a major company fought back in response to the emergence of these, in the industry context, radical technological innovations, provides the basis for our narrative. The proposed theoretical model contributes to literature on technology management (with regard to incumbent strategies in response to radical innovation threats) as well as the role of cognition in strategy (providing an explanation of the cognitive underpinnings of capability development).     

钢纤维混凝土基本性能试验研究

通过对30个立方体试块抗压强度试验,分析了钢纤维对普通混凝土的增强作用;通过对30个小梁试件三分点加载抗折试验,研究了体积率对钢纤维混凝土(SFRC)荷载-挠度关系及荷载-极限应变关系的影响.在脆性基体中掺入钢纤维,有效地提高了复合材料承受荷载时阻止裂缝引发与扩展的能力,达到对混凝土的增强效果,尤其是对于抗折强度的增强作用,使混凝土的破坏形式由脆性破坏变为塑性破坏.     

Krashen的语言输入理论与多媒体网络英语教学

语言输入理论是第二语言习得研究的重要理论之一。网络英语和网络英语教学在我国外语界越来越受到重视。文章客观地介绍了Krashen的语言输入理论的主要观点及其对我国网络英语教学的启示。     

沈阳市产业关联和产业结构变化的实证研究

沈阳在高速经济增长的同时 ,工业化的进程加速 ,产业结构发生很大变化。本文将利用 1 996年和 2 0 0 0年两个时点的投入产出表 ,分析沈阳市产业关联和产业结构变动规律和特征。     

对我校科研发展状况的分析及思考

文章以广东工业大学“九五”期间科技投入与产出的统计数据为基础,描述了学校的科研状况,在分析其不足的同时,认为可通过制定合理的科研发展目标和发展战略、积极发挥科研管理的职能、注重“产学研”结合、巩固和建设几个有较大影响的重点学科等对策来提高学校的科研水平。     

我国产业间波及效应的探讨

从理论上来说,某一产业的变化会引起其它产业间的连锁反映。产业间的波及效应可以通过投入系数表来加以分析。通过实证分析,研究我国产业间波及效应的强弱,可以为国家制定产业政策、优化产业结构提供依据。     

溴化锂水溶液降膜吸收强化技术的实验研究

在吸收式制冷技术中，提高溴化锂水溶液吸收蒸汽效率的手段主要是采用高效传热传质元件和添加表面活性介质。本文主要研究竖直平板流降膜吸收中添加表面活性介质的强化吸收技术。选择一种典型的表面活性介质；2－乙基－己醇，研究在一定实验工况下加入活性介质后不同降膜雷诺数Re、溶液进口温度ts,i、吸收压力、活性介质浓度以及不同降膜长度试件下的吸收强化。     

一种改进的图像模糊增强法

基于医学图像对比度差以致正常组织和病态组织难以区分,本文在讨论了Pal.King模糊增强的基础上,对模糊算法进行了改进,改进后的模糊算法效果明显,能增强图像细微细节,提高图像的对比度,改善图像视觉效果,提高诊断的准确性。     

社会自主性的三种提升路径

社会自主性是现代化进程中的重要一维,社会自主性对市场侵蚀的抵抗和对国家权力的制约有利于形成均衡性的治理结构。现代化进程的历史维度、关系范畴的相对维度和治理现代化的功能维度构成理解社会自主性的3种视角。中国经由长期历史沉淀形成的是国家本位主义传统,改革开放打破了国家-社会的同构状态并塑造了一个相对自主的社会。中国社会缺乏自治机制的文化土壤和理念基础,社会自主性的提升需要国家以主动塑造方式,通过输入路径、合作路径和培育路径进行治理推动。     

Multiobjective Prioritization Methodology and Decision Support System for Evaluating Inventory Enhancement Strategies for Disrupted Interdependent Sectors

Disruptions in the production of commodities and services resulting from disasters influence the vital functions of infrastructure and economic sectors within a region. The interdependencies inherent among these sectors trigger the faster propagation of disaster consequences that are often associated with a wider range of inoperability and amplified losses. This article evaluates the impact of inventory‐enhanced policies for disrupted interdependent sectors to improve the disaster preparedness capability of dynamic inoperability input‐output models (DIIM). In this article, we develop the dynamic cross‐prioritization plot (DCPP)—a prioritization methodology capable of identifying and dynamically updating the critical sectors based on preference assignments to different objectives. The DCPP integrates the risk assessment metrics (e.g., economic loss and inoperability), which are independently analyzed in the DIIM. We develop a computer‐based DCPP tool to determine the priority for inventory enhancement with user preference and resource availability as new dimensions. A baseline inventory case for the state of Virginia revealed a high concentration of (i) manufacturing sectors under the inoperability objective and (ii) service sectors under the economic loss objective. Simulation of enhanced inventory policies for selected critical manufacturing sectors has reduced the recovery period by approximately four days and the expected total economic loss by $33 million. Although the article focuses on enhancing inventory levels in manufacturing sectors, complementary analysis is recommended to manage the resilience of the service sectors. The flexibility of the proposed DCPP as a decision support tool can also be extended to accommodate analysis in other regions and disaster scenarios.